麦克明彩色人体解剖图.ppt

1,Cardiovascular System,Jing Li Apr. 20. 2010 jing.li Department of Human Anatomy,Artery,2,Artery,Characteristics: Symmetry In the trunk of the body consist parietal and visceral branches Shortest possible course Run on flexor surfaces Usually do not pass directly through muscles, avoiding compression Together with the veins and nerves in a sheath of fascia to form neurovascular bundle,3,Artery,Arteries of pulmonary circulation Arteries of systemic circulation,4,Arteries of pulmonary circulation,Pulmonary trunk Arises from right ventricle Bifurcates inferior to aortic arch into right and left pulmonary arteries, one for each lung,5,Arteries of pulmonary circulation, arterial ligament 动脉韧带,6,Arteries of systemic circulation,Aorta 主动脉 origin branches ascending aorta 升主动脉 aortic arch 主动脉弓 descending aorta 降主动脉,头臂干 brachiocephalic trunk 颈总动脉 common carotid a. 锁骨下动脉 subclavian a. 胸主动脉 thoracic a. 腹主动脉 abdominal a. 髂总动脉 common iliac a.,7,Arteries of systemic circulation,Blood supply： 颈总动脉head and neck common carotid a. 锁骨下动脉upper limb subclavian a. 胸主动脉thorax thoracic aorta 腹主动脉abdomen abdominal aorta 髂外动脉lower limb external iliac a. 髂内动脉pelvis internal iliac a.,8,Ascending aorta,right coronary artery left coronary artery,9,Aorta arch,brachiocephalic trunk （头臂干） 右颈总动脉 右锁骨下动脉 left common carotid a. （左颈总动脉） left subclavian a. （左锁骨下动脉）,1,2,3,10,common carotid artery,Branches internal carotid artery 颈内动脉 external carotid artery 颈外动脉,甲状软骨,carotid sinus 颈动脉窦,颈总动脉末端和颈内动脉起始部膨大部分。压力感受器。血压增高时兴奋，可反射性地引起心跳减慢、末梢血管扩张，血压下降。,一个扁椭圆形小体，借结缔组织连于颈动脉杈的后方。化学感受器。感受血液中CO2,O2分压和H+浓度变化。当血液中CO2增高或O2分压降低时，反射性地促使呼吸加深加快。,carotid glomus 颈动脉小球,甲状腺,11,external carotid artery,Branches: superior thyroid a. 甲状腺上动脉 lingual a.舌动脉 facial a.面动脉 occipital a.枕动脉 posterior auricular a. 耳后动脉 maxillary a.上颌动脉 superficial temporal a. 颞浅动脉,12,external carotid artery 颈外动脉,Middle meningeal artery脑膜中动脉,13,subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉,origin Main branches,椎动脉 vertebral a. 胸廓内动脉internal thoracic a. 甲状颈干thyrocervical trunk,axillary artery,14,axillary artery 腋动脉,thoracoacromial a. 胸肩峰动脉 lateral thoracic a. 胸外侧动脉 subscapular a. 肩胛下动脉 posterior humeral circunflex a.旋肱后动脉,Main branches,15,brachial artery 肱动脉,pathway Main branches deep brachial a. 肱深动脉, 前臂出血的压迫止血点。 测血压的听诊部位及其血管。,radial a. 桡动脉 ulnar a. 尺动脉,肱动脉,肱深动脉,桡动脉,尺动脉,16,radial artery 桡动脉,Superficial palmar branch 掌浅支 Principal a. of thumb 拇主要动脉 常选切脉部位(位置、血管名称),ulnar artery 尺动脉,Common interosseous a. 骨间总动脉 Deep palmar branch 掌深支,17,superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓,由尺动脉末端与桡动脉掌浅支吻合而成。位于掌腱膜深面，弓的凸缘约平掌骨中部。,18,deep palmar arch 掌深弓,由桡动脉末端和尺动脉掌深支吻合而成。弓的凸缘在掌浅弓近侧，约平腕掌关节高度。,19,descending aorta 降主动脉,thoracic aorta 胸主动脉 abdominal aorta 腹主动脉,20,thoracic aorta,Parietal branches 壁支 posterior intercostal a. 肋间后动脉 subcostal a.肋下动脉 superior phrenic a. 膈上动脉 Visceral branches 脏支 bronchial a.支气管动脉 esophageal a.食管动脉 pericardial a.心包动脉,21,Abdominal aorta,Parietal branches: 1、inferior phrenic a. 膈下动脉 2、lumbar a. 腰动脉 3、median sacral a. 骶正中动脉 Visceral branches paired un-paired,1,2,3,22,Visceral branches,1,2,3,Abdominal aorta,Paired： 1, middle suprarenal a. 肾上腺中动脉 2, renal a.肾动脉 3, testicular or ovarian a. 睾丸动脉(或卵巢动脉) Unpaired： celiac trunk腹腔干T12 superior mesenteric a. 肠系膜上动脉L1 inferior mesenteric a. 肠系膜下动脉L3,23,celiac trunk 腹腔干,胃左动脉 left gastric a. 肝总动脉 common hepatic a. - 肝固有动脉 proper hepatic a. （肝左、右动脉、 胃右动脉、胆囊动脉） - 胃十二指肠动脉 gastroduodenal a. (胃网膜右动脉、 胰十二指肠上动脉) 脾动脉 splenic a. 胰支 胃后动脉 胃短动脉 胃网膜左动脉,24,superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜上动脉,jejunal, ileal a. 空、回肠动脉 ileocolic a. 回结肠动脉 (阑尾动脉) right colic a. 右结肠动脉 middle colic a. 中结肠动脉,25,inferior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉,left colic a. 左结肠动脉 sigmoid a. 乙状结肠动脉 superior rectal a.直肠上动脉,26,Common iliac arteries 髂总动脉,internal iliac a. 髂内动脉 external iliac a. 髂外动脉,27,internal iliac artery,Parietal branches： 闭孔动脉 obturator a. 臀上动脉 superior gluteal a. 臀下动脉 inferior gluteal a.,28,internal iliac artery,Visceral branches: umbilical a. 脐动脉 uterine a. 子宫动脉 internal pudendal a. 阴部内动脉 inferior vesical a. 膀胱下动脉 inferior rectal a. 直肠下动脉,29,internal iliac artery,Visceral branches: umbilical a. 脐动脉 uterine a. 子宫动脉 internal pudendal a. 阴部内动脉 inferior vesical a. 膀胱下动脉 inferior rectal a. 直肠下动脉,30,external iliac artery,femoral a. 股动脉 popliteal a. 腘动脉 posterior tibial a. 胫后动脉 anterior tibial a. 胫前动脉 dorsal a. of root足背动脉,31,femoral artery,deep femoral a. 股深动脉 Perforating a.穿动脉 腹壁浅动脉 旋髂浅动脉, 至腘窝移行为腘动脉 压迫止血点,32,popliteal a. 腘动脉,posterior t