2020版高考英语一轮复习Book7Unit19Language教案（含解析）北师大版.docx

Unit 19 Language基础知识默写(学生用书313316页)默写(一)1.thankfuladj.为感到高兴的；感谢的thankfullyadv.感谢地；感激地thankn.感谢vt.感谢2.decaden.十年3.trendn.趋势，倾向4.absencen.缺乏；缺席absentadj.缺席的；缺少的5.theoryn.理论；学说6.surroundvt.环绕，围绕surroundingadj.周围的surroundingsn.环境7.targetn.目标8.enlargevt.扩大9.fluencyn.流畅度，流利度fluentadj.流畅的，流利的fluentlyadv.流利地10.accuracyn.精确度，准确度accurateadj.精确的，准确的accuratelyadv.精确地11.nationwideadv.全国性地12.foldv.折叠；交叉13.acquisitionn.(语言)习得14.attainvt.达到；获得15.adequateadj.足够的，充分的adequatelyadv.足够地；充分地16.mediumn.媒介物；渠道adj.中等的17.ensurevt.确保，保证18.acceleratevi.&vt.加速19.guaranteevt.&n.保证20.relativen.亲戚，亲属relativelyadv.相对地；相当地relatevt.叙述；使有联系21.unconsciousadj.无意识的；不知不觉的consciousadj.意识到的；故意的22.morethan不仅仅；超过23.standout出色；突出24.getahead取得成功；取得进步25.relyon依靠；依赖26.taketheformof以的形式出现(存在)27.adjust.to.调整以适应28.informsb. ofsth. 通知某人某事29.keepinmind记住30.TheresnopointreadingthenewsinEnglishifyouvealreadywatcheditinyourownlanguage.如果你已用母语看过这则消息，再用英语来读是没有意义的。默写(二)1.adjustvt.调整；调节adjustmentn.调整；调节2.informvt.告知，通知informationn.信息3.announcementn.通告；宣告announcevt.宣布；宣告4.congratulatevt.祝贺congratulationn.祝贺5.unrestn.不安6.bentadj.弯曲的bendv.(使)弯曲n.弯曲；弯道7.globen.地球globaladj.全球性的8.sincerelyadv.真诚地sincereadj.真诚的；诚挚的9.tightadj.绷紧的；紧张的tightlyadv.紧紧地tightenvt.收紧；(使)变紧10.resemblevt.像；与相似11.purchasevt.购买12.negotiatevt.协商；谈判negotiationn.谈判13.ambiguousadj.模棱两可的14.offencen.冒犯；得罪offendv.冒犯15.approvaln.赞成；赞许；批准approvev.赞成；批准16.applicantn.申请人applyvi.申请applicationn.应用；申请；申请书17.candidaten.候选人18.regulationn.规则regulatevt.调节，规定19.amateuradj.业余的20.embarrassvt.使窘迫embarrassmentn.困窘；尴尬embarrassedadj.感到尴尬的embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的21.punctualadj.准时的，守时的punctuallyadv.如期地，准时地22.catchon学会；受欢迎23.forages很久，很长时间24.congratulatesb. onsth. 就某事向某人祝贺25.consistof由组成，构成26.onpurpose故意地27.beawareof意识到；察觉到28.ontheotherhand另一方面29.Toputitsimply，ifyouwanttobeasuccessinthebusinessworld，youneedahighlevelofEnglishcompetence.简单地说，如果你想在商业世界中成为一个成功者，你就需要高水平的英语能力。30.Thirdly，yousaythatthereisadiscountprovidedthatIpayinadvance.第三，你们说只要我预先付款就有折扣。基础知识夯实.语境填词1.Afamousoldnameonafirmisnotnecessarilyaguarantee(保证) ofquality.2.Stillgreatereffortsareneededbeforewecanattain(达到) ourgoal.3.Theseratings，easytoaccess，areplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleincustomerspurchase(购买) decision.(2018江苏)4.Thewideapplication(applicant) ofcomputerswillgreatlyimproveourworkefficiency.5.Theenvironmenthereisgoodcleanandrelatively(relative) quiet.6.MyhorseturnedtothelefttoavoidthelittlerabbitasIheldontightly(tight) andtriednottofall.7.ShespeaksEnglishsofluently(fluency) asifshehadstudiedEnglishinBritain.8.Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents，buttheywereabsent(absence).(2017全国)9.Ittookhimalongtimetoacquire(acquisition) theskillsheneededtobecomeagooddancer.(2018天津)10.Toourembarrassment，allofushadnomoneytopayforthebill.Inthatembarrassingsituation，allofuswereveryembarrassed.(embarrass)11.Withthelevelsofcarbondioxideintheairincreasingrapidly，theglobal(globe) temperaturecontinuesgoingup.12.Allinall，Isincerely(sincere) inviteyoutocometoourschoolandseeforyourself.(2018全国)13.Itfoundmanyyoungstersnowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublicapproval(approve) theygetonline，oftenthrough“likes”.(2018江苏)14.Pleasesendusalltheinformation(inform) thatyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.15.Wevehadtomakesomeadjustments(adjust) toouroriginalplan.选词成篇catch on，provided that，for ages，consist of，differ from，get ahead，keep in mind，keep sb. informed ofTo1.getaheadinEnglish，LiHuahasbeenworkingveryhardto2.catchonherlessons3.forages.Severaldaysago，shejoinedtheEnglishCorner4.consistingoftwentystudents.She5.differsfromotherstudentsinsomeaspects.Forexample，videdthatshehastheopportunity.on the one hand，stand out，adjust oneself to， on the other hand，congratulate sb. on，in the absence of9.Tostandoutinhisclassandmakeprogress，Johnworkedveryhard.Andtoachievehisgoal，he10.adjustedhimselfquicklytothenewsurroundings，learningthelatestnews.Inaddition，heattendedEnglisheveningclasses，heabsenceofthenativelanguageenvironment.Sotoensurethathecouldachievehisgoal,12.ontheonehand，hetalkedwithhisforeignteacherasmuchaspossibleatschool，and13.ontheotherhand，helistenedtoBBCnewsreportandwatchedEnglishprogrammes.Atlast，hishardworkpaidoffandallofhisfriends14.congratulatedhimonhisprogress.完成句子1.Thereisnopoint(in)worryingaboutyourfuture.(point)为你的未来担心是没有意义的。2.Toputitsimply，wehavenothingathand.(不定式作状语)简单来说，我们手头上没有货。3.ProvidedthatyoupaymebackbyFriday，Iwilllendyouthemoney.(providedthat.)如果你周五之前能把钱还给我，我就借给你。4.Itispredictedthatbytheendofthe21stcentury，halfoftheseplantandanimalspecieswillbegone.(predict)预计到21世纪末，这些动植物物种将有一半会消失。5.Ihavedecidedtotakethejoboffer，whetheritisgoodorbad.(whether.or.)无论好坏，我已经决定接受这份工作邀请。1.表示“获得”的动词集合acquire，attain，gain，get，obtain，achieve，win2.前缀en-动词扫描(1)ensure确保，担保(2)enlarge扩大(3)enrich使充实(4)enable使能够(5)endanger使遭遇危险3.后缀-ings名词集锦(1)surroundings环境(2)savings积蓄(3)earnings工资(4)belongings所有物(5)greetings问候语(6)sufferings痛苦，苦恼4.mind短语个个清(1)makeuponesmind下决心(2)bear/keep (.) inmind记住(3)changeonesmind改变主意(4)absenceofmind心不在焉(5)havesb. inmind心中有合适的人选5.“组成”短语有几何(1)consistof由组成(2)makeup组成(3)bemadeupof由组成(4)becomposedof由组成6.“故意地”词汇知多少(1)purposelyadv.故意地，蓄意地(2)deliberatelyadv.故意地；慎重地(3)intentionallyadv.故意地，有意地(4)bydesign故意地，有意地(5)onpurpose有目的地，有意地(1)absence of mind心不在焉in sb. s absence某人不在时in the absence of sth. 不在时；缺乏(2)absent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的be absent from缺席(be present at 出席)(1)Hefailedintheexambecauseofhisabsenceofmind.他因心不在焉而考试不及格。(2)Intheabsenceofwolves，coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.(2017全国)没有了(灰)狼，郊狼的数量也迅速增加。(3)Hewasabsentfromthemeetingforonereasonoranother.他因为某种原因而没有出席会议。(4)同义句改写ThedecisionwasmadewhileIwasnotthere.Thedecisionwasmadeinmyabsence.易错点拨(1)absence通常为不可数名词，但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时，为可数名词。(2)表示做某事缺席，其后通常接介词from。(1)be adequate to do./for doing.足够做be adequate to (doing) sth. 胜任(做)某事more than adequate绰绰有余(2)adequately adv.足够地；充分地(1)Somesocialappcompaniesweretoblamebecausetheydidntadequately(adequate) checktheirusersregistration.(2018江苏)一些开发社交应用软件的公司应该为对用户的注册信息审核不够严格而负责任。(2)Isyoursalaryadequatetosupport/forsupportingyourfamily?你的薪水足够养家吗？(3)Idontknowwhetherthegirlisadequatetothejob.我不知道这个女孩能否胜任这项工作。ensure sb. sth. (ensure sth. to sb. )向某人保证ensure doing.保证做ensure sb. from/against.确保某人免受ensure that.担保/保证/确保(1)Weensurefulfilling(fulfill) thetaskontime.(2)Weshouldtryallmeanstoensureourselvesfrom/againstallpossiblerisks.(3)同义句改写Thispillwillensurethepatientagoodnightssleep.Thispillwillensureagoodnightssleeptothepatient.Thispillwillensurethatthepatienthasagoodnightssleep.guaranteevt.保证；担保n.保证；担保；保修单(1)guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事guarantee to do sth. /that.保证做某事；确保be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会；必定会(2)under guarantee在保修期内give sb. a guarantee that.向某人担保/保证(1)Iguaranteetopay(pay) offhisdebts.(2)Thecarislessthanoneyearold，soitisstillunderguarantee.(3)一句多译我们保证在一周内将货物送到。Weguaranteetodeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteev.；简单句)Weguaranteethatwewilldeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteev.；复合句)Wegiveaguaranteethatwewilldeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteen.)(1)adjust.to.调整以适应adjust oneself to.使自己适应adjust to doing.适应做(2)adjustment n.调整；调节；适应make an adjustment/adjustments to.对作出调整(3)adjustable adj.可调节的(1)YoudbetterlearnsomebasicChinesebeforeyoucome.Thatway，youmayadjustyourself(you) tothelifehereinBeijingsoon.(2018北京)(2)Theyshouldeithermonitortheirwebsitesbettersothatchildrendonotsignuptooearly，ortheyshouldadjusttheirwebsitestotheneedsofyoungerusers.(2018江苏)(3)Shefoundithardtoadjusttoworking(work) atnight.(4)Someschoolswillhavetomakeadjustments(adjust) inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.(1)inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事inform sb. that.通知某人(2)informed adj.消息灵通的；见多识广的keep sb. informed of/about.通知某人关于；使某人知道(1)OnMarch19，Dennisgotagrouptextinforming(inform) himthatacouplehedidntknowwereatthehospital，waitingforthearrivalofababy.(2018全国)(2)Hehasbeeninformed(inform) thathedoesntqualifyforthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.(2017江苏)(3)ItwasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusof(通知我们) hisdelayincasewegotworried.句式升级(4)Heinformedthecompanyoftheshipssafearrival.(改为复合句)Heinformedthecompanythattheshiphadarrivedsafely.易错点拨inform后不接双宾语，也不用于inform sth. to sb. 。若表示“告诉某人某事”，通常用inform sb. of/about sth. 。inform的宾语通常只能是人，所以当后接从句时，其前的sb. 不能省略。(1)resemble sb. /sth. in.与某人/物在方面相似(2)resemblance n.相似；形似(1)Youresembleyourmotherneitherincharacternorinappearance.在性格和外貌上你都不像你母亲。(2)Heandhisfatherresembleeachother.他和他父亲很像。易错点拨(1)resemble是及物动词，后接宾语时，不能用介词。注意不要按汉语意思在其后加介词to，like，with等。(2)resemble虽然是及物动词，但不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。(1)negotiate with sb. about/over/for sth. 与某人商议某事/谈判某事negotiate sth. with sb. 与某人商议某事(2)negotiation n.协商；谈判under negotiation在商谈中in negotiation with和协商/谈判中同义句改写(1)Thepilotsarenegotiatingwiththeairlinemanagers.Thepilotsareinnegotiationwiththeairlinemanagers.(2)Heaskedmetotellyouthatthecontractisbeingnegotiated.Heaskedmetotellyouthatthecontractisundernegotiation.(1)embarrassed adj.窘迫的；尴尬的be embarrassed at/about因感到尴尬(2)embarrassment n.尴尬；难堪；惹麻烦的人或事to ones embarrassment令某人尴尬的是(3)embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的(1)Embarrassed(embarrass) abouthismistakes，helockedhimselfinhisroom.(2)Thatwasanembarrassing(embarrass) situationforme.(3)Heworeanembarrassed(embarrass) expressiononhisface.(4)一句多译令他难堪的是，他对所发生的事情一无所知。Whatembarrassedhimwasthathehadnoideaofwhatwasgoingon.(embarrass)Tohisembarrassment，hehadnoideaofwhatwasgoingon.(embarrassment)catch on受欢迎；流行起来；(被)接受；理解；了解catch up with sb. /sth. 赶上catch sight of看见catch ones eye吸引某人的注意catch sb. doing.撞见/当场发现某人正在做(1)Icaughtmydeskmatereading(read) myprivateletters.我的同桌在阅读我的私人信件时被我撞见了。(2)Keeplookingup，andyoumaycatchsightofsomeunexpectedcreatures.继续观察下去，说不定你可以看到某些意想不到的动物。写出下列句子中catch on的汉语意思(3)Thenewdancequicklycaughtonamongthestudents.流行起来(4)Pleaserepeatwhatyousaid；Ididntquitecatchon.理解(1)on the one hand.on the other hand.一方面另一方面(2)for one thing.for another.一则二则(1)OntheonehandIwanttosellthehouse，butontheotherhand，Icantbearthethoughtofmoving.一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面一想到搬家我就受不了。(2)Iwontgo.Foronething，Ihaveseenthefilm；foranother，Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattendtonight.我不去。一则我已经看过这部电影了；二则今晚我有一个重要会议要参加。易错点拨on the one hand.on the other hand.常用于表达相矛盾的两方面；for one thing.for another.陈述的两方面情况常常一致。Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。(1)whether.or.引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是还是，不论还是”。另外，它还可引导名词性从句。(2)whether or not无论，是否whether to do sth. (or not)是否做某事(1)Idappreciateitifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.如果你能让我提前知道你是否能来，我会很感激的。(2)Itdoesntmatterwhetheryoupaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.在这家商店，用现金或信用卡支付都可以。Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.第三，你们说只要我预先付款就有折扣。provided that引导一个条件状语从句，意为“如果，只要”；provided可以换成providing，that也可以省略。在英语中，引导条件状语从句的类似连词还有：suppose/supposing (that)，given(that)，assume/assuming(that)等。一句多译只要你把作业做完，就可以出去玩。(1)Youcangoouttoplayaslongasyoufinishyourhomework.(2)Youcangoouttoplayonconditionthatyoufinishyourhomework.(3)Youcangoouttoplayprovided/providing(that)youfinishyourhomework.单句语法填空1.Thecouplewasverythankful(thank) andpraisedhimforhishonesty.2.Intheory，theyshouldlivebytheFrenchlaw.3.Theteachercameintotheclassroom，surrounded(surround) bythestudents.4.Wenegotiatedwiththeschooladministrationaboutthetuitionincrease.5.ItisanicesongandIthinkitwillcatchonquickly.6.Moreefforts，asreported，willbemadeintheyearsaheadtoaccelerate(accelerate) thesupply-sidestructuralreform.7.Morethanonepersonhas(have) madethesuggestionuptonow.8.Providing/Provided(provide) thatsheweresincerewithme，Ishouldforgiveheralot.9.Canyougivemeaguaranteethattheworkwillbefinishedontime?10.Wehopethatourworkwillhelpwithtechnologicalsolutionstoensure(ensure) thatolderdriversstaysaferbehindthewheel.(2017全国)11.Thereisnopointinasking(ask) suchasillyquestion.12.Theparentsapprovedoftheirchildsgoingoutafterfinishinghomework.13.Theannouncement(announce) showedthattheelectionwouldtakeplaceonJune20th.14.Theheadmasterwrotealettertocongratulateheronhergoodperformanceandtheexcitingcongratulationsencouragedhergreatly.(congratulate)15.Tellyourdoctortheaccuracyofthesymptomsothathecangiveyoutheaccuratetreatment.Ifyouarenottreatedaccurately，youllbeindanger.(accurate).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.isknowntousisthatsmokingisbadforourhealth.2.Theteacherwouldinformthewomananyprogressthathersonmadeatschool.3.Theboyispoor，towhomlovewastotallyabsenthischildhood.4.doesntnecessarilyhappenthatyoulldowellacademicallyevenifyourehighlyintelligent.5.Teacherslikestudentswhoareveryquicktocatchonthings.6.Helikesthekindofcar，whichhasguaranteedforoneyearforpartsandlabor.7.Theoldmanhasadjustedhimselftointhisbigcitysincehecamehere.8.WhatimpressesmemostisthatthelittlegirlcanspeakEnglish.9.Hestronglyresembleswithhisfatherincharacter.10.Thenewbuildingdoesnotharmonizewithits.11.Theboysaidhewouldkeepmeofthethingsthathappenedintheclassroomeveryday.12.Themostimportantthingtokeepmindwhendealingwithanemergencyistostaycalm.教材与语法填空IthasprovedtobethecaseinthelastfewdecadesthatEnglishwouldbethegloballanguage.1.However，learningEnglishasaforeignlanguageisverydifficultinthe2.absence(absent) ofanativelanguageenvironment.Some3.respected(respect) theoriesonlanguageacquisitionbelievethattolearnaforeignlanguage，youneedto4.besurrounded(surround) byit.Sadly，mostoftheEnglishlearnerscannotliveinthenativecountry,5.whichmeanswecanonlydependonourschoolresources.Soteachershavetoguarantee6.anadequateamountofinputinEnglish，whichcanbeconveyedtothestudentsthrough7.various(vary) mediums.Sinceextra-curricularworkmayacceleratelanguagelearning，herearesome8.suggestions(suggest) toEnglishlearners：listeningtoanEnglishsongseveraltimesinoneweekafterreadingthewords.Trying9.toadjust(adjust) thelanguagetoEnglishinpartsyouknowwellwhile10.watching(watch) afavouriteDVD.Studyingwithfriends.Rewardingyourself，includinginformingafriendofyourtargetssotheycanhelpmotivateyouaswell.教材与短文改错Bodylanguageisusedeverysingledaybypeopleofdifferentnationalityallovertheworld.Itisalanguageconsistsofgestures，facialexpressionsandbodymovement.Itdiffersspokenlanguageasitisnotalwaysexplicit.Someonewhodoesnotknowananswertoaquestionwillmovetheirshouldersupwardsawayfromtheirupperbodyandthenletthemfall.Therefore，bodylanguagecanbeunconsciousaswellas.Asyouknown，bodylanguagecanbeveryusefullywhenpeopledontshareacommonspokenlanguage.Althoughsometimesbodylanguagecanbeambiguous，butexpertsagreethatthesmilemeansthesameintheworld.答案Bodylanguageisusedeverysingledaybypeopleofdifferentallovertheworld.Itisalanguageofgestures，facialexpressionsandbody.Itdiffersspokenlanguageasitisnotalwaysexplicit.Someonewhodoesnotknowanswertoaquestionwillmovetheirshouldersupwardsawayfromtheirupperbodyandthenletthemfall.，bodylanguagecanbeunconsciousaswellas.Asyou，bodylanguagecanbeverywhenpeopledontshareacommonspokenlanguage.Althoughsometimesbodylanguagecanbeambiguous，butexpertsagreethatthesmilemeansthesameintheworld.教材与微写作写作素材(关于语言学习)1.在当今社会，说流利的英语对我们非常重要。(it作形式主语)2.要掌握一门外语，首先我认为尽可能多地扩大词汇量是必不可少的。(as.as.结构)3.我们应该尽量置身于母语是英语的人的包围之中。4.我们不能太依赖母语。5.只要我们坚持努力练习英语，迟早我们会脱颖而出的。(as/solongas引导状语从句)连句成篇根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文1.ItisimportantforustospeakfluentEnglishintodaysworld.Toacquireaforeignlanguage，firstlyIthinkthatitisessentialto2.enlargeourvocabularyasmuchaspossible.Secondly，weshouldtryto3.besurroundedbythosenativespeakers.Lastly，weshouldnt4.relyonourmothertonguetoomuch.5.As/SolongaswekeeppracticingEnglishhard，wewillstandoutsoonerorlater.阅读理解Asyearswentby，Irealizedthatoneofthebiggestproblemsoftheseadultswasworry.Alargemajorityofstudentswerebusinessmen，executives，salesmen，engineers，accountants：acrosssectionofallthetradesandprofessionsandmostofthemhadproblems！Therewerewomenintheclassesbusinesswomenandhousewives.They，too，hadproblems！Clearly，whatIneededwasatextbookonhowtoconquerworrysoagainItriedtofindone.IwenttoNewYorksgreatpubliclibraryatFifthAvenueandForty-secondStreetanddiscovered，tomyastonishment，thatthislibraryhadonlytwenty-twobookslistedunderthetitleWORRY.Ialsonoticed，tomyamusement，thatithadonehundredandeighty-ninebookslistedunderWORMS.Almostninetimesasmanybooksaboutwormsasaboutworry! Surprising，isntit？Sinceworryisoneofthebiggestproblemsfacingmankind，youwouldthink，wouldntyou，thateveryhighschoolandcollegewouldgiveacourseon“HowtoStopWorrying”？Yet，isthereevenonecourseonthatsubjectinanycollegeintheland？Ihaveneverheardofit.NowonderDavidSeaburysaidinhisbookHowtoWorrySuccessfully：“Wegrowupwithaslittlepreparationforthepressuresofexperienceasabookwormaskedtodoaballet (芭蕾舞).”Theresult？Morethanhalfofourhospitalbedsareoccupiedbypeoplewithnervousandemotionaltroubles.Ilookedoverthosetwenty-twobooksonworry，reposing(靠) ontheshelvesoftheNewYorkPublicLibrary.Inaddition，IpurchasedallthebooksonworryIcouldfind；yetIcouldntdiscoverevenonethatIcoulduseasatextbookinmycourseforadults.SoIdecidedtowriteonebymyself.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了作者从他的学生们的现状中意识到成年人最大的问题之一就是焦虑。作者去纽约最大的公共图书馆寻找他教学用的书，但没有找到。于是，作者决定自己写一本关于焦虑的书。1.Whatmadethewriterrealizeoneoftheadultsbiggestproblems?A.Hiswidereading.B.Hispracticalsurvey.C.Hisscientificresearch.D.Hisstudentsrealsituation.答案D解析细节理解题。答案定位在第一段第二、三、四句“Alargemajorityofstudentswerebusinessmen，executives，salesmen，engineers，accountants：acrosssectionofallthetradesandprofe