2020版高考英语复习Unit1Alandofdiversity课后达标检测新人教版选修.docx

Unit 1 A land of diversity(建议用时：30分钟) 阅读理解A(2019南昌项目一模) When I was five or six years old, I remember watching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the worldI would say to myself, “When I grow up, when I can get rich, I will save kids all over the world”At 17, I started my career here in America, and by the age of 18, I started my first charity organizationI went on to team up with other organizations in the following years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautiful souls, from sixyearold Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia(白血病), and whose story inspired thousands to volunteer as donors, to my grandmother, who lost her battle with cancer in 2012, and her death is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF)Were all humanAnd we all just want a chance: a chance at life, a chance in education, a chance at a future, reallyAnd at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one.People make it seem too hard to do charity workThe truth is, you dont have to be rich to help othersYou dont need to be famousYou dont even have to be collegeeducatedBut it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhoodYou just do whatever you can to help in any way that you canAnd today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heartMy grandmother always used to say, “If youve got a dollar, theres plenty to share”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。小时候在电视中看到世界其他地方遭受困苦的孩子时，“我”便下定决心长大后要帮助他们；十八岁时“我”创立了自己的慈善组织。慈善无关贫富，无关名誉，无关教育背景；从帮助身边的人做起，你将成就你的事业。1What did the author want to do at a young age?AWatch TV.BGrow up quickly.CBecome wealthy.DHelp other children.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二句“I would say to myself，When I grow up，when I can get rich，I will save kids all over the world”并结合第一段内容可知，小时候在电视中看到受苦的孩子，作者想要在长大后帮助他们，故D项正确。 2What directly caused the author to create and develop the CLF?AA sixyearold kids request.BHer grandmothers death of cancer.CMany volunteers inspiration.DOther organizations encouragement.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“to my grandmother，who lost her battle with cancer in 2012，and her death is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation(CLF)”可知，在2012年，祖母不敌癌症病魔而去世，这促使作者成立了克拉拉莱昂内尔基金会(CLF)，故B项正确。 3What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AA chanceBA task.CA life.DAn organization.C解析：代词指代题。根据第二段的最后一句“And at CLF，our mission is to impact as many lives as possible，but it starts with just one”可知，在克拉拉莱昂内尔基金会中，我们的任务是尽可能影响更多的生命，但这个任务从影响一个人的生命开始。根据该句中的“as many lives as possible”，结合“but.just one”可知，画线词one指代“a life”，故C项正确。 4What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph?ADo little things to help those around them.BWork hard to get a college education.CChallenge their friends to offer help.DDo charity work whoever you are.A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的第五句“But it starts with your neighbor，the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class，the kid down the block in your neighborhood”可知，慈善工作可以从帮助你的邻居开始，帮助现在在你身边的人开始，帮助上课时坐在你旁边的人开始，帮助你家附近街区上的小孩开始。据此可以判断，作者建议慈善从帮助身边的人做起，故A项正确。B(2019湖北八校第一次联考)Cities are likely to be affected by overheating, thanks to something called the urban heat island effectCities tend to be short of trees, which provide shade, and they are covered with black pavement, which absorbs heat from the sunThink of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt on a sunny dayA black shirt absorbs light, heating you upBut a white shirt reflects light, keeping you cool.The average temperature in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees F hotter than surrounding areasThat extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadlyAs temperatures rise, cities will be an especially dangerous place to live during a heat waveTo protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler.As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt(沥青)It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaringAnd it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air qualityHot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog, which can make life miserable for people with asthma(哮喘) and other breathing problems.Of course, LAwill have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the cityAngelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftopsat least those not already covered in solar panelsWhile LAis a pioneer of reflective streets, other cities, like New York, are already experimenting with reflective roofs or, like Melbourne, lowering the temperature by planting treesLAis hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.“This is an urgent challenge, and its much bigger than one person，” said Mayor Garcetti in a recent statement“Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了洛杉矶采取的降温方法，除了种植树木外，更主要的是将道路漆成灰白色、将房顶漆成白色，这些措施有效而环保，不仅降低了降温成本，还改善了空气质量，降低了哮喘等呼吸性疾病的发病率。5Which of the following contributes to the urban heat island effect?APlanting more trees in the streets.BCovering the streets with gray paint.CApplying reflective paint to rooftops.DFurnishing every house with air conditioners.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“air conditioning sends power bills soaring”可推知，夏天人们大量使用空调；又根据常识可知，空调外机的运行会导致气温上升，从而导致热岛效应，故D项符合题意。6What should the city officials emphasize during hot summer?AHow to make the city cooler.BWhere to wear a white shirt.CWhy to coat the roads with black paint.DWhen to cut off the electricity supply.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“To protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler”可知，为了保护人们的身体健康，在炎热的夏季，城市的官员们着重考虑如何降低城市的温度，故A项正确。7What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal?AIncreasing the indoor activities.BPromoting the sale of air conditioners.CMaking life easier and more comfortable.DReducing the number of cold days.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段，尤其是该段第二、三句“It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaringAnd it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality”可知，使用CoolSeal不仅有助于降低温度，还能在夏季节省空调开支和改善空气质量从而让人们过得更舒适，故C项正确。8Whats the main idea of the passage?ALAadopted many approaches to fight against the heat.BLAcalls on people to fight against global warming.CMore and more countries begin to plant trees in the streets.DLAis painting its streets gray to keep the city cool.D解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了洛杉矶为了降低城市气温，除了种植树木外，还将道路漆成灰白色，并将房顶漆成白色，这些措施有效而且环保，不仅降低了降温成本，还改善了空气质量，降低了哮喘等呼吸性疾病的发病率。据此可知，D项最能概括文意。 完形填空(2019合肥教学质检)About six years ago I was going through a tough time, trying to work two jobs to afford my rent. On a cold Sunday morning, I went to GameStopa video game retailer(零售商), to 1 the game Id reserved. A woman in a car parked outside called me when I 2 the store. Though it was in broad daylight, I was 3 about it and kept some distance when I walked over. She said she couldnt walk and 4 me to purchase a Kinect, a popular game, for her as her 5 Christmas gift. Due to her leg disease it was 6 for her to move around. She called ahead but the employee wasnt willing to 7 . She gave me about $100 in cash AND her credit card.I walked back in and bought the Kinect. Then it occurred to me that this woman, a complete stranger, 8 me. What was it that stopped me from lying about the payment method and just 9 her cash? She couldnt know I wasnt a 10 ； and how could she possibly have so much 11 someone?I handed her the cash back, 12 I had to pay with her cardit was above$100 at the time, and handed over the 13 and her credit card“This is what my sons been longing for. Thank you! By the way, just from 14 at you, I know you are the one wholl be a friend to someone 15 . You have a face of an angel！” she said. She gave me $10 and 16 to take it back. Then she 17 ， saying “Merry Christmas！”She had no idea how much of a 18 even $10 made. I was able to buy a few cheap groceries for the week and it really made a 19 time in my life a little better. She may think I helped her; 20 ， I truly feel like the one who was being gifted something amazing.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”穷困潦倒，在取消自己在游戏零售商那里的订单时，碰到一位腿部有病的女士让“我”帮她买一款游戏作为她送给儿子的圣诞礼物。事后她给了“我”10美元，这10美元使“我”之后一周的生活好过了一点。“我”由此感慨：你帮助了别人，实际上别人也帮助了你。1AdonateBcancelCwinDreturnB解析：根据该句中的“I went to GameStopa video game retailer(零售商)，to _ the game Id reserved”，并结合上文提到的“我”处境艰难可推知，“我”是去游戏零售商那里取消订单的，故B项“取消”符合语境。A项意为“捐赠”；C项意为“获胜”；D项意为“返回”。2AkeptBapproachedCdecoratedDexitedD解析：根据该句“A woman in a car parked outside called me when I _ the store”，并结合下文中的“walked back in”可知，此处表示“我”走出商店时，一位女士叫住了“我”。D项意为“退出，离开”，符合语境。A项意为“保持”；B项意为“靠近”；C项意为“装饰，修饰”，都与语境不符。3AshyBcrazyCdisappointedDpositiveA解析：根据该句“Though it was in broad daylight.kept some distance when I walked over”可知，尽管当时是大白天，“我”走过去时还是和她保持一定的距离。be shy of/about(doing) sth.“对(做)心怀顾忌”符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“疯狂的”；C项意为“失望的”；D项意为“积极的”，都与语境不符。4AforbadeBencouragedCrequestedDallowedC解析：根据该句中的“She said she couldnt walk and _ me to purchase a Kinect, a popular game”可知，她无法行走，请“我”帮她购买一款名为Kinect的游戏。C项意为“请求”，符合语境。A项意为“禁止”；B项意为“鼓励”；D项意为“允许”，都与语境不符。5AownBemployersChusbandsDsonsD解析：根据下文中的“my sons”，并结合该句中的“a popular game, for her as her _ Christmas gift”可知，这位女士买游戏是要作为圣诞礼物送给她儿子的，故D项正确。6ApainfulBconvenientCfunnyDsecureA解析：根据该句中的“Due to her leg disease”可推知，她行走时会感到疼痛；A项意为“疼痛的”，符合语境。B项意为“方便的”；C项意为“有趣的”；D项意为“安全的”，都与语境不符。7AorderBshareChelpDpayC解析：根据该句中的“She called ahead but the employee wasnt willing to”，再结合上文描述的她坐在车里，由于腿部有病无法行走可知，她提前打过电话，但是店员不愿意帮助她。C项意为“帮助”，符合语境。A项意为“命令”；B项意为“分享”；D项意为“支付”，都与语境不符。8AfooledBtrustedCinspiredDannoyedB解析：根据该句“Then it occurred to me that this woman, a complete stranger, _ me”可以判断，“我”想到这位女士，一个从未见过的陌生人相信了“我”。B项意为“相信，信任”，符合语境。A项意为“欺骗”；C项意为“激励”；D项意为“使恼怒”，都与语境不符。9AthrowingBtearingCpocketingDlosingC解析：根据第一段最后一句“She gave me about $100 in cash AND her credit card”可知，她不但给了“我”100美元现金，还给了“我”信用卡；结合该句“What was it that stopped me from lying about the payment method and just _ her cash？”可知，“我”没有用其他方式支付而将她的现金据为己有；C项意为“将据为己有”，符合语境。A项意为“扔”；B项意为“撕开”；D项意为“丢失”，都与语境不符。10Avideo game makerBporterCgame sellerDcheatD解析：根据上一句“What was it that stopped me from lying about the payment method and just _ her cash？”，再结合第一段中她将现金和信用卡交给“我”的描述可知，她不可能知道“我”不是一个骗子，而她怎么可能这么相信他人。D项意为“骗子”，符合语境。A项意为“电子游戏制造商”；B项意为“杂务工，服务员”；C项意为“游戏销售者”，都与语境不符。11Apatience withBfaith inCrespect forDmercy onB解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“对有耐心”；C项意为“尊敬”；D项意为“对仁慈”，都与语境不符。12AarguingBlyingCpromisingDexplainingD解析：根据该句中的“I handed her the cash back, _ I had to pay with her cardit was above $100 at the time”可知，“我”将现金递给她，解释说游戏价格超过100美元，所以只能用信用卡支付。D项意为“解释，说明”，符合语境。A项意为“争论”；B项意为“撒谎”；C项意为“承诺”，都与语境不符。13AgameBchequeCticketDchangeA解析：根据第一段中的“to purchase a Kinect, a popular game”可知，她想要为儿子买一款流行的游戏；结合该句中的“and handed over the _ and her credit card”可知，“我”将买好的游戏和信用卡递给了她。故A项正确。14A