练习比喻性词语的翻译(II).ppt

Lecture,比喻性词语的译法 (II) 比喻性词语的具体译法,Ways of Translation of Idioms,焦点和难点，就是对“形象”地处理问题。 一般情况下的做法是：,I. 保 literal Translation (直译) （保留形象） II. 弃 Free Translation (意译) （放弃形象） III.改 Borrowing or Replacing (借用法, 替换法,套用法) （改变形象） IV. 略 Omission (省略法) V. 补 Addition (增添法) （直译加注法，补译文形象之不足） VI、还原法,I. literal Translation (直译),A. E-C translation To be led by the nose To look through colored spectacles to fish in troubled waters castles in the air,To go into the red After ones own heart Hang by a hair To show ones cards,Burn the boat Round-table conference baptism of fire trump card armed to the teeth sour grapes war-monger new/fresh blood,double faced political capital Golden age new wine in old bottles first/second-hand laugh in somebodys face open secret tower of ivory,B. C-E Translation,雨后春笋 易如反掌 猫哭老鼠 梁上君子 调虎离山 衣冠禽兽 水中捞月,保（直译法，保留形象）,井底之蛙 鸟瞰 捅马蜂窝 狗崽子 鳄鱼眼泪 驼鸟政策 鸽派；鹰派,保（直译法，保留形象）,牛市 熊市 披着羊皮的狼 也有英借中的：如纸老虎,保（直译法，保留形象）,(方鸿渐受到两面夹攻，才知道留学文凭的重要。)这一张文凭，仿佛有亚当、夏娃下身那片树叶的功用，可以遮羞包丑。 -自己没有文凭，好象精神上赤条条的，没有包裹。 （围城）,英译文,This diploma, it seemed, would function the same as Adam and Eves fig leaf. It could hide a persons shame and wrap up his disgrace.- Without it, it was as if he were spiritually stark naked and had nothing to bundle up in.(12),II、Free Translation(意译),有些比喻不能从字面来译:切忌望文生义 提心吊胆 in a pigs whisper draw blood hang on sbs lips talk through ones hat,Question: happy as a mosquito?,Hes happy as a mosquito at a swimsuit shoot. 穿着泳衣拍照，他快乐得像只蚊子？,At a “swimsuit shoot,“ there is lots of exposed skin so a mosquito is likely to be very happy. A mosquito is happy because of all the bare skin at a swimsuit shoot.,as happy as a mosquito at a swimsuit shoot 像只蚊子遇上了泳装秀，乐不可支 - 瞧那广阔天地，何处不好大展拳脚？,as happy as a mosquito at a swimsuit shoot 像只蚊子遇上了泳装秀，乐不可支 瞧那广阔天地，何处不好大展拳脚？,make a monkey of bend an ear to a skeleton at the feast bury ones head in the sand,切忌望文生义,pull sbs leg move heaven and earth childs play eat ones words,leave no stone unturned call a spade a spade Too many cooks spoil the broth,弃（意译法，放弃形象）,他这一阵心头如同十五个吊桶打水，七上八下，老是宁静不下来。(周而复:上海的早晨) His mind was in turmoil these days and he was quite unable to think straight.,弃（意译法，放弃形象）,a white elephant hen-pecked rat race 油老虎 炒鱿鱼 dismiss, sack people,弃（意译法，放弃形象）,艺妓回忆录 Geisha-party girl,social butterfly 中文的鸡， “妓”谐音，故有下等妓女之喻意 A Hooker (A prostitute.) (骂人时可译为whore，bitch) 起得比鸡早，睡得比妓晚。,Chick flick?,Hot chick? That chick is hot? The term chick flick is slang for a movie that appeals mainly to women or young girls. (Sleepless Seattle),chick flick is slang for a movie that appeals mainly to women or young girls,III. Borrowing or Replacing (借用法,替换法),six of one and half a dozen of the other 半斤八两 “你真是胆小如鼠”，他看着小李，轻蔑地说。 “You chicken!” He cried , looking at Xiaowang with contempt.,改（套用法，改变形象）,雨后春笋 (前面已经介绍过直译，如何译？） spring up like mushrooms 如履薄冰 tread upon eggs （也可直译，如何翻译？）,改（套用法，改变形象）,中文中的牛与英文的horse, 虎与lion由于喻意相同可以替换外， 中英文中不同的动物在习语中由于某方面的共性，可以替换翻译， 对方看来是“张冠李戴”， 如果直译，就可能“指鹿为马”。,改（套用法，改变形象）,as strong as a horse ？ a willing horse 英谚a willing horse should not be whipped 吹牛,改（套用法，改变形象）,中文的老虎（tiger）与英文的lion（狮）。 老虎因额头上“王”字-百兽之王。 而英文中的百兽之王是lion(狮子),改（套用法，改变形象）,a lion in the way One should not twist the lions tail. beard the lion in den 某人老婆是个母老虎。,“母老虎” 与英文中的“lioness”也照样对应，,如说某人老婆是个母老虎对应英文是 His wife is a lioness. (He is hen-pecked),改（套用法，改变形象）,鸡皮疙瘩 落汤鸡 如鱼得水,改（套用法，改变形象）,Heartthrob指人时是那类人？ 心跳- 心如鹿撞 看到自己心爱的人的时候心跳急速加快，犹如心如鹿撞 美男子,Heartthrob 少女杀手Ladykiller(保),猫匿 “fishy” 可疑的（suspicious）,猫鼠天敌竟然喻意相同 to have ones foot in the grave 半身入土,go for wool and come back shorn.(shear的过去分词) cry wine and sell vinegar. as wet as a drowned rat. new brooms sweep clean . The burnt child dreads the fire.,IV.Omission、(省略法),汉语比喻词语有的是对偶词组，往往前后意义重复，英语中一般没有这种形式，因此翻译时可省略重复的部分。,铜墙铁壁 wall of bronze 长吁短叹 sigh deeply 街谈巷议 street gos