《英语语音语调》PPT课件.ppt

写 在 前 面,语音是语言学习的重要内容。掌握好语音是学好一门语言的关键，是学习单词、记忆单词、朗读句子、进行听说的基础。因此，每一个想学好外语的人，应该在起始阶段扎扎实实地打好语音基础，并在一定时间内有意识地进行强化，以保证在今后大量的英语单词记忆中和英语的听说读写训练中熟练运用。,音 节 音节是说话时最小的语音片段，通常由一个元音加上一个或几个辅音构成。有时一个元音也能构成一个音节。 另外， l、m、n三个辅音在后面没有元音的情况下也能和它前面的辅音构成一个音节。 单音节词 双音节词 多音节词 单词按所含音节的数量可分为单音节词、双音节词和多音节词。 划分音节（双、多音节） 两个元音字母之间有一个辅音字母，该字母划归后一个音节。 两个元音字母之间有两个辅音字母，该两字母平分。 两个元音字母之间有三个辅音字母，按前一个后两个划分。 重音,句 子 重 音,在连贯的语句中，一般情况下： 实词：名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、动词要重读。 虚词：冠词、连词、介词不重读。少数动词(be动词、助动词、 情态动词）和许多代词（人称、代词、 物主代词） 在句 子中也不重读。 She stays in a house near here. Im going to the store. He had to go to hospital. I cant leave tomorrow. Is he a doctor ?,连 读,在一个意群（意思密切相关的一组词）中，如果前一个词 以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音可连起来读，这种现象叫做连读。用符号“ ”表示。 This is an English book. an hour Wait for a moment. one of us Come in , please. in England Look at the blackboard. a kind of Please take it away.,失 去 爆 破,一个爆破音后面紧接着另一个爆破音时第一个爆破音不发生爆破，亦即只由有关发音器官做好这个音的发音姿势，稍停随即发后面的爆破音，这种现象称为失去爆破。如 ： Sit down ! a notebook a blackboard workplace,爆破音后面紧跟着摩擦音或破擦音时，有爆破但十分轻微。如： picture a good student 爆破音在鼻辅音和边辅音前面有轻微的爆破。如： Good morning Comrade Lee Good night.,辅 音 连 缀,在英语单词中通常有两个或多个辅音连在一起，这种组合叫做辅音连缀。 如： maps /ps/ desks /sks/ spade /sp/ grade /gr/ bridge /br/ fridge /fr/ smile /sm/ 朗读时必须注意： 第一个辅音要念的轻一些、短一些。 不要在这些辅音之间夹入元音。,元 音 连 读,意 群,句子可以按其意和结构分成若干段，每一段称为一个意群。 如： We three / are all good students / in school. There are / five people / in my family. Yesterday / Tom and Kate / played games. Go down this road / and turn left / at the second crossing. She suddenly remember / that she had to buy / some DVDs / for her son.,停 顿,在说话或朗读时，意群和意群之间可以有一定的停顿（但也不一定非停顿不可），但在同一意群的各个词之间则不可停顿，以使整个意群的意思不致中断。如： In England, one of the most popular kinds of food is fish and chips. People usually buy it in a fish and chip shop. They put it in a paper bags and take it home, or to their workplace. Sometimes they eat it in the park or on the road.,停 顿,In England, one of the most popular kinds of food / is fish and chips. People usually buy it / in a fish and chip shop. They put it / in a paper bags / and take it home, or to their workplace. Sometimes they eat it / in the park / or on the road.,弱读,弱读 元音弱读时一般发为 / / 常见单词弱读： and-/n/ is-/z/s/ of-/v/v/ or-/r/ till-/tl/ would-/d/d/,口 语 中 弱 读,语 调,英语的基本语调有二种： 降调 句子末尾语调下降的叫降调。 陈述句 、祈使句、感叹句、特殊疑问句、 部分反意疑问句均用降调。 升调 句子末尾语调上升的叫升调。 一般疑问句、选择疑问句or前部分、主句前 的从句、主语前的状语、并列成分and前 部分、表示道歉和请求的句子均用声调。,降调 用于陈述句 My name is Bill. This is our desk. The air in the city is very dirty. 用于特殊疑问句 What is your name? How old is the man? How long have you studied english? 注意：特殊疑问句有时可用升调表示请别人重复刚说过的话： What is your major? Where shall we go for the holiday? ,用于祈使句 Go back to your seat! Please do not hesitate to contact me. 用于感叹句 What a small world! Oh! My poor Mary, how youve changed! 用于选择疑问句中“or”之后的部分 Do you want to ride or walk? Would you like tea or coffee ? ,用于罗列中最后一项之前的各项 For each incomplete sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. We study Chinese , history , geography , and English. 用于陈述句，表示疑问、怀疑、未定、猜测或期待等 Your really want to do it? She might have gone. I think so. ,升调 用于一般疑问句 Can you hear me? Can you speak it ? Have you seen that film yet? 注意：一般疑问句有时也可用降调，表示一种不耐烦的口气，或表示命令等。 Are you satisfied? Will you take off your hat, please? ,用于置于句首的状语短语或状语从句 After dinner , I read a magazine and made telephone calls. While you were writing letters , I was reading a book. 用于并列句的第一个分句，表示句子还未说完 My fever is gone , but I still have a cough. My major is English , and I like it. 用于委婉祈使句 Excuse me, sir . Can you help