八年级英语上册unit6ancientstoriesgrammar课件（新版）牛津深圳版

Unit 6 Grammar,The present perfect tense,动词过去分词,一、规则动词的过去分词的构成及其读音与动词的过去式相同 1 直接在动词词尾加ed构成 例如：call called called 2 以e结尾的直接加d构成 例如：agree agreed agreed live lived lived,你还记得动词形式的变化吗？,e.g. like liked liked,3 以元音字母加y结尾的直接加ed构成： 例如：play played played (enjoy ,stay) 4 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变i为再加ed构成： 例如：study studied studied 5 以重读闭音节结尾的末尾只有一个辅音字母的，应 先双写辅音字母，再加ed构成： 例如： drop dropped dropped stop stopped stopped prefer preferred preferred travel travelled travelled,背诵表格,hurt hurthurt hurt buy buy bought bought keep keep kept kept have/has have/has had had hide hide hid hidden,see see saw seen know know knew known hear hear heard heard sit sit sat sat think think thought thought,He has hurt his foot.,hurt,看图说话,run across /zebra crossing.,He has run across the zebra crossing.,看图说话,He has caught a mouse.,catch,看图说话,He has read a book.,看图说话,play the piano,She has played the piano.,看图说话,we/make two cakes,We have made two cakes.,看图说话,Transformation of sentences,I have finished. 否定句 I have not finished. =Ive not finished. = I havent finished. 一般疑问句 Have you finished? 肯定/否定回答 Yes, I have. No, I havent.,She has played the piano. 否定句 She has not played the piano. =Shes not played the piano. =She hasnt played the piano. 一般疑问句 Has she played the piano? 肯定/否定回答 Yes, she has. No, she hasnt. 就划线部分提问 What has she done?,1.现在完成时态常与一些时间状语连用，请写出中文意思。,yet还，仍 already已经 just只是 before之前 ever曾 never 从不 recently最近 so far 迄今为止,till/until直到 up to now直到现在 in the past few years在过去的几年 since 自从,深入学习！,2.already已经& yet还；仍 already用于肯定句，yet常用于否定句和疑问句。如： I have seen the film already. 我已经看过这部电影了 He hasnt come back from Shanghai yet. 他还没从上海回来,3.ever曾经 。常用于疑问句， never从不。常用于陈述句。如： Has Anne ever been to Australia? Anne去过澳洲吗？ My mother has never travelled by air. 我妈妈从来没有坐过飞机。,4. since three months. ） I have studied in Hai Wang Middle School for two years. 我在海旺中学读了两年书。,Since后面可加句子,Since and for,1. Since +时间点 ，for+时间段。,since,now,(for 4 years),1990,1986,I have lived in Shenzhen since 1986. I have lived in Shenzhen for four years.,I have taught English since 1985. I have taught English for fifteen years.,John has been a Young Pioneer for four years. John has been a Young Pioneer since 1996.,用since或for填空,1.My father has lived in Sydney _1986. 2.He has been back _three days. 3.Mr.Li has taught Chinese in our school _ten years. 4.My aunt has stayed here _February. 5. The football match has been on _ ten minutes. 6.I have seen him _he moved to Shenzhen. 7.We have known each other _seven years. 8.We have known each other _1980.,since,for,for,since,for,since,for,since,我们在做题时，遇到for, since 时， 一定要注意句子中的动词。在现在完成时 中，有两种动词：1.延续性；2.非延续性 （即短暂性动词）。也就是说，短暂性动 词不能和 for ,since 一起用，如果短暂性 动词遇到for ,since ，就必须变成延 续性动词。,How long （现在完成时）+延续性动词,have gone to, have been to, have been in,a. Jim has gone to London with his family. (He is on his way or in London now) b. Jim has been to London before. (He is back now.) c. Jim has been in London for two weeks. (He went to London two weeks ago and he is still there) I have never been to the Great Wall. He has gone to the supermarket.,热门考点！,1.你知道have gone to、have been to、have been in的意思吗？ 答：have gone to意为“_”，说话时该人不在现场； have been to意为“_”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once，twice，three times等，表示“_”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。 have been in表示“_”，常与时间段状语连用。如：I have been in Shanghai for three years我到上海已有三年了。,去,去过,去过。次,在,热门考点！,练一练,1.- Hello, this is King speaking. Could I speak to Tina? - Sorry. She _ Dong Men. A. has been to B. went to C. has gone to D. have been in 2.我曾经去过很多国家，但还没去过法国。 I have _ _many countries, but I havent been to France yet.,C,been to,延续性动词与终止性/瞬间性动词（非延续性动词）,终止性/瞬间性动词不可延续,所以不可与表示一段时间的状语连用. : Ive left my hometown for 10 years. : Ive been away from my hometown for 10 years. : He has borrowed this book for a week. : He has kept this book for a week. 但它们的否定式可以与一段时间状语连用. Eg. I havent bought any new clothes for three months.,常见的有：come, go, arrive, reach, get to, open, close, leave, begin, start, stop, lose, buy, borrow, join, die, marry, become, get up, receive等，均不能同“for+段时间”的状语连用。如果表达上述非延续性动词“继续多长时间”的概念，则须要改用系表结构，多为be+形容词（副词、介词短语等）构成。,假如瞬间性动词想变成延续性动词的话，就要用以下方法转变： open-been open close-been closed leave-been away (from) begin/start-been on buy-have borrow-kept,join-been in die-been dead marry-been married become-been He has come back. He has been back for a week. He has been back since a week ago. He came back a week ago. It is a week since he came back.,试一试：试比较每组中哪个是正确的！ He has come here for seven years. He has been here for seven years.,This factory has opened for several years. This factory has been open for several years.,Helen has borrowed the book for a month. Helen has kept the book for a month.,F,T,F,T,F,T,课堂小练习！,他去那儿一周了.,1.He has gone there for a week. 2.He has been there for a week. 3.He has gone there since a week ago. .,F,T,F,她回家来有两年时间。,1.She has come home for two years. 2. She came home two years ago. 3. She has been back home for two years. 4. It is two years since she came back home.,F,T,T,T,他入党已有十年的时间。,1. He joined the Party 10 years ago. 2. He has joined the Party for 10 years. 3. He has been a Party member for 10 years. 4. It is 10 years since he joined the Party.,T,F,T,T,这本书我已借了五天。,1. I have borrowed the book for five days. 2. I have kept the book for five days. 3. I borrowed the book five days . ago.,F,T,T,课 开始五分钟了。,The class has begun for 5 minutes. The class has been on for 5 minutes. The class began 5 minutes ago.,F,T,T,他死了一周.,1.He has died for a week. 2. He has been dead for a week. 3. He has died since a week ago. 4. It is a week since he died.,F,T,F,T,她离开家已有两年时间。,1. She has left home for two years. 2. She left home two years ago. 3. She has been away from home for two years. 4. It is two years since she left home.,F,T,T,T,他参军已有一个月的时间。,1.He joined the army a month ago. 2. He has joined the army for a month . 3. He has been a soldier for a month. 4. It is a month since he joined the army.,T,F,T,T,我这支笔已买了五年,1.I have bought the pen for five years. 2.I have had the pen for five years. 3. I bought the pen five years ago.,他来这里一小时了,He has come here for an hour. He has been here for an hour.,F,T,T,F,T,区别在哪里？！在这里！,延续性动词+一段时间 have lived for five years 住了五年，“住”是延续性动词。,瞬间性动词+时刻 have received 100 yuan yesterday 收到100元，“收到”是瞬间性动词，不可能保持这个动作N久。,. Some special things,1. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,侧重点不一样; 时间状语不一样 a. I saw the film yesterday. (have nothing to do with the present.) b. I have seen the film. (Now I know about the film.) 现在完成时不可连用的时间状语: yesterday (morning ), last week, two days ago, in 2000, just now I know the character well, because I have read it many times. I read books last weekend, and I want to go out for a walk this weekend.,现在完成时和一般过去时的区别： 完成时- I have studied in Haiwang Middle school for two years. 翻译：_ (截止到现在还在海旺中学就读) 过去时- I studied in Binhai Primary School two years ago. 翻译：_ (现在已经不在滨海小学就读),我在海旺中学读了两年书。,两年前我在滨海小学上学。,since & for since四种用法： a) since + 过去一个时间点（1980, March, half past six) I have been here since 1989. b) since + 一段时间 + ago I have been here since five months ago. c) since + 从句 I have been here since I was six years old.,d) It is /has been+ 一段时间 + since 从句 （过去时） It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. for 引导的表示一段时间的状语 They have been in Canada for ten years. My brother has kept this book for 5 weeks. (特殊疑问句) How long has your brother kept this book?,Practice,一.用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。,1. Have you found (find) your watch yet? 2. -Are you thirsty? -NO, I have just had (have) some orange. 3. We have already returned (return) the book. 4. -Has Tom taught you English? -Yes, he has taught (teach) us English for two years. 5. I havent finished ( not finish) my homework yet. Can you help me? 6. My father has read (read) the novel twice.,巩固小练习！,7. Wu Dong has been (be) a soldier for one year. 8. The students have studied (study) in the middle school since last month. 9. How long have you known (know) him? 10. Mike has made (make) quite a few friends since he came to China. 11. Li Ping and Wu Dong have seen (see) the old man three times. 12. Has she ever taught (teach) you English?,C A C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B,8. A 9. D 10.C 11. C 12.B 13. A,语法小测！,14.A 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.D,三把下列过去时态的句子改为现在完成时：,1.His father has died. (for 2 years)._ His father has been dead for 2 years. 2.The football match has begun.(since9:00a.m) The football match has been on since 9:00 a.m 3.The twins have joined the army. (since they are 18years old) The twins have been in the army since they were 18 years old. 4.My teacher has just left Nanjing. (for 3 days) The tacher has been away form Nanjing for 3 days .,用since或for完成下列练习。,_for_ two years _since_ two years ago _ since _ last month _ since _ 1999 _ since _yesterday _ since _ 4 oclock _ for_ 4 hours _ since _ an hour ago _ since _we were children _ for _ ten minutes _ since _ she left here He has worked in this company _ since _last year. Weve been friends _ since _ we were ten. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ for _ three years. She has waited here _ for _ about half an hour. It has been about a year _ since _ we last met.,Read and answer,A1 Hans is from Hamburg in Germany. He is talking to Doris. Read their conversation and answer the questions.,Where does Hans live? He _ in _. How long has Hans lived in Hamburg? He _ _ there _ _.,How long has Doris lived in Shanghai? She _ _ here _ _ _. Where was Doris born? She _ _ _ _.,Doris: So you live in Hamburg, Hans? Hans : Yes, Im a Hamburger. Have you ever met a Hamburger? Doris: Yes, I met one yesterday at the fast-food restaurant, and I ate it. Hans: Ah, yes. Ive heard that joke b