概要写作导练课件

湛江二中 英语 高轶楠,由上表可以看出： (一) 阅读材料：较阅读理解的文章更容易，大约是200个词,大多为记叙文,也有应用文和说明文。 (二) 写作话题：话题贴近考生的学习与生活，考生有话可写。,(三)省平均分：全省高考平均分还在12分以内,还不到满分25分的一半,上升空间还很大。望考生在写作上下功夫,并把写作作为与其他考生拉开距离的有效突破口。,概括段的解题参考步骤： 1.根据写作内容（2）预测材料内容 如：2011年高考的写作要点（2）是：以约120词讲述一次你想家的经历，因此，我们可以推测本文的阅读材料可能是记叙文，可能是关于作者或者别人的想家经历。 因此预测概括段可能是此人何时何地因何因而想家？以及其影响？他是如何应对? 然后带着这些疑问去阅读材料，迅速捕捉要点。,当然, 不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个要素,但“某人做了某事,结果如何”是应当包括的。因此,要写好概要,须找到以下两个问题的答案： (1) 谁做了什么？(who did what) (2) 结果如何？(what was the result) 如果是夹叙夹议的文章，作者对故事的内容发表了议论，或指出了故事给人们的启示的，我们概括时要加上这一内容。,阅读下面短文, 然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。内容略,写作内容 1. 以约30个词概括这篇演讲稿的主要内容； 2. 然后以约120个词写一篇读后感, 说明“诚信的重要性”。,解题过程 第一步, 根据写作内容2,快速获取大意。写作内容2说明“诚信的重要性”，扫读原文可以发现该文章是夹叙夹议的记叙文, 那么我们可以形成概要框架: 作者讲述了一个故事来说明诚信的重要性。这样, 就有了方向和思路了。,第二步：阅读材料, 回答以下三个问题。 (1) 谁做了什么？The writer tells a story of an overseas Chinese student. The student had been caught without a ticket in the subway three times. (2) 结果如何？He was not even allowed the chance for an interview. (3) 说明了什么？Honesty is the best policy.,第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来。 参考范文如下： 范文1：Today I read an instructive speech, in which the speaker argues honesty is the best policy by telling the story of an overseas Chinese student who couldnt find a job because of dishonesty.,范文2：The writer tells a story about a Chinese student with an excellent academic achievement couldnt find a job in Germany because of his dishonesty to skip the subway tickets, which shows honesty is the best policy.,练习1：阅读下面的短文，然后以约30个词概括这篇短文的主要内容。短文略,The author happened to pick up an umbrella on a bus and tried to find its owner. She was pleased to find the owner and also got a job offered by the owner of the umbrella.,练习2：阅读下面的短文, 然后以约30个词概括这篇短文的主要内容。短文略,(范文1) In the passage the writer uses the story of the award-winning farmer who shares his best corn seed with his neighbours to teach us that we all can benefit when we co-operate and share with each other.,(范文2) The writer teaches us that we all benefit more when we co-operate and share with each other by telling the story of the award-winning farmer who shares his corn seeds with his neighbours.,我们根据说明文的不同类型, 分别给出三种参考模板： 1. 描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象+性质功用+利好”： (In the passage) the writer introduces. (对象)to us, especially its.(性质或功用), from which we know.(对象带来的利好).,写作方法,2. 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”： The passage tells us.(问题), including.(方法1), .(方法2)and.(方法3).,3. 介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象+原因+结果”： (The author/writer said/talks about).(现象)of., because /but.(原因/本质1), and. (原因/本质2).,在高考读写任务中,多为说明某种社会现象的说明文。,阅读下面短文, 然后以约30个词概括这段短文的内容。,Eye care is an important factor in all of our lives. Without eyes, we seem to be able to do nothing. But, what can we do to take care of eyes? Firstly, we should eat healthy foods. Secondly, dont sit before a computer screen or TV for too long time and take regular rest at intervals so as to relax the eye muscles. Thirdly, having enough sleep is the best rest for eyes.,Besides those notices, you should be aware of some threats to eyes in daily lives. Excessive exposure to bright sunlight is harmful to eyes, therefore, when going out, especially in summer time, put on a pair of qualified sunglasses. Stay away from smoking. Some ingredients in cigarettes are carcinogenesis(致癌的).,Last but not least, take regular medical examines to check out the potential eye disease and prevent its deterioration(退化). Eyes are the most important sense organs and one should use proper eye care products to avoid further irritations (刺激)and ensure longevity at ease.,解题过程 本文在指出眼睛重要后, 紧接着提出问题“为保护眼睛, 我们可以做些什么呢”, 然后分三点说明应该做些什么。因此, 我们可以套用“问题+解决方法”模式： Our eyes are important for us, so the author tells us how to take care of our eyes, including eating healthy food, giving them enough time to rest, knowing some threats, and taking frequent eye examinations.,练习1：阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,(“对象+性质功能+利好”模式) The writer introduces the idea of a balloon robot， especially how it helps to guide people to their destination without being connected to the Internet.,练习2：阅读下面短文, 然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,(“问题+解决方法”模式) The passage tells us how to be a good friend, including listening more to friends talking, offering help when necessary, staying with them and making plans together.,练习3：阅读下面短文, 然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,(“现象+原因”模式) The author talks about the popularity of advertisements，because they can bring convenience to people but the negative effects should not be ignored.,议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论, 因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题句(the topic sentences)、支撑句(supporting sentences)和结论句(conclusion sentences)。 其中最主要的是找准主题句。 概要模板：论点+论据(+结论),写作方法：,(2011珠海一模)阅读下面短文, 然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。,Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and get up early, we would be energetic the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.,In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day. If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier.,Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. However, if we get up late, we will probably have to do everything in a great hurry. Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit a lot from it.,解题过程 第一步，根据文体, 找出要点。略读短文,本文是典型的议论文, 第一段为论点, 第二、三自然段为论据, 最后一段为结论, 首尾呼应。论点、论据和结论分别为：,第二步, 用自己的话将其表达出来。 参考范文为： (范文1) The passa