GRE出国考试历年真题之选择题精华

GRE出国考试历年真题之选择题精华1、In some cultures the essence of magic is its traditional integrity; it can be efficient only if it has been - without loss from primeval times to the present practitioner.A, conventionalizedB, realizedC, transmittedD, manipulatedE, aggrandizedmagic: n.魔术，法术，巫术integrity: n.1.正真，廉正，诚实，诚恳 2.完整，完全 3.完善，健全primeval: a.原始的，早期的，远古的efficient: a.1.效率高的，有能力的，能胜任的 2.直接产生效果的，有效的，生效的conventionalize: a.使符合习俗，使惯例化，按传统手法表现aggrandize: v.扩大权势，提高地位，增进，扩充在某些文化中，巫术的本质在于其传统的完整性：只有当它被完好无损地从远古时期传递到当今术士的手中，它方能显得卓有成效。2、Although skeptics say financial problems will probably - our establishing a base on the Moon. Supporters of the project remain -, saying that human curiosity should overcome such pragmatic constraints.A, beset. disillusionedB, hasten. hopefulC, postpone. pessimisticD, prevent. enthusiasticE, allow. unconvincedsceptic: n.怀疑(论)者，哲不可知论者pragmatic: a.1.讲究实际的，实干的，重实效的 2.实用主义的 3.国事的，国务的constraint:n.1.约束，限制 2.强迫，强制 3.克制，抑制，拘束beset: v.1.困扰，使苦恼 2.包围，围攻disillusion: v.使幻灭postpone: v.1.延迟，延缓，使延期 2.把放在后面pessimistic: a.悲观(主义)的尽管怀疑论者声称，经济问题将有可能阻碍我们在月球上建立一个基础，但这一计划的支持者却热情不减，宣称人类的求知欲理应克服这些实际障碍。3、Before the Second World War, academics still questioned whether the body of literature produced in the United States truly - a - literature, or whether such literature was only a provincial branch of English literature.A, symbolized. localB, constituted. nationalC, defined. historicalD, outlined. goodE, captured. meaningfulacademic: n.1.大学生，大学教师 2.学者，学会会员provincial: a.1.狭隘的，地方性的 2.外省的，外地的symbolize: v.象征，标志第二次世界大战之前，学者们依然感到疑惑，即在美国创作的全部文学作品是否真正能构成一种民族文学，抑或这种文学只能算作英国文学的一个地方性分支。4、Many more eighteen nth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very recently, been regarded merely as - fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.A, a controversialB, a statisticalC, an analyticalD, an explicitE, an unimpeachabledominance: n.优势，支配(或统治)地位，最高权力arcane: a.神秘的，晦涩难解的，秘密的bibliographer: n.1.书目编制者 2.目录学家，书志学家explicit: a.1.详述，明确的，明析的 2.直言的，坦率的 3.显然可见的，容易观察到的unimpeachable: a.无瑕疵的，无缺点的，完全可靠的在十八世纪，女性创作的小说数量相当程度上超过男性创作小说，但女性文学创作的这种主导地位直到最近仅仅被视作一个统计学事实，一点小小的秘密知识，只为文献目录学家所注意。5、All - biological traits fall into one of two categories: those giving their possessors greater - the environment and those rendering them more independent of it.A, widespread. detachment fromB, beneficial. control overC, successful. freedom fromD, neutral. compatibility withE, harmful. adv antage intrait: n.特征，特点，特性category: n.1.种类，类别 2.哲范畴render: v.1.使得，使成为 2.给予，提供 3.提出，呈报detachment: n.1.分开，分离，脱离 2.超然，公正，不偏不倚beneficial: a.有益的，有利的，有帮助的所有有益的生物特征在两个类别之间都必居其一：一类生物特征使其拥有者得以在更大程度上控制环境，另一类则使它们更独立于环境。6、One of archaeologys central dilemmas is how to reconstruct the - of complex ancient societies from meager and often - physical evidence.A, riddles. obsoleteB, details. irrefutableC, intricacies. equivocalD, patterns. flawlessE, configurations. explicitarchaeology: n.考古家dilemma: n.(进退两难的)窘境，困境reconstruct: v.1.重建，改组，重新构成 2.修复 3.重新描述，使(按原貌)再现meager: a.粗劣的，贪乏不足的，(作品)枯竭的，缺乏想象力的obsolete: a.废弃的，淘汰的，过时的irrefutable: a.无可辩驳的，不可否认的intricacy: n.1.错综复杂，复杂精细 2.难以了解，难以理解equivocal: a.模棱两可的，含糊的，有多种含义的flawless: a.1.无裂隙的，无裂痕的 2.无缺点的，无瑕的，完美的configuration: n.布局，构造，外形考古学所面临的一个主要困境是，如何才能凭藉着贫乏而又经常是模棱两可的物质证据去重新再现错综复杂的古代社会的诸般复杂性。7、Just as the authors book on eels is often a key text for courses in marine vertebrate zoology, their ideas on animal development and phylogeny - teaching in this area.A, preventB, defyC, replicateD, informE, use1、What is most important to the monkeys in the sanctuary is that they are a group; this is so because primates are inveterately - and build their lives around each other.A, independentB, stableC, curiousD, socialE, proprietarysanctuary: n.禁猎区，鸟兽保护区primate: n.灵长目动物inveterate: a.根深蒂固的，积习难改的，顽固不化的social: a.群集的，群居的proprietary: a.1.所有人的，业主的 2.财产的，年有财产的，所有权的3.私营的，专卖的，专利的对于禁猎区内的猴子而言，最重要的一点是它们是一个群体;这之所以如此，是因为灵长目动物具有一种根深蒂固的群居习性，均围绕着对方而营造其生活。2、Often the difficulties of growing up in the public eye cause child prodigies to - the world of achievement before reaching adulthood: happily, they sometimes later return to competition and succeed brilliantly.A, ridiculeB, conquerC, retire fromD, antagonizeE, examineprodigy: a.1.奇迹，奇事 2.奇才，天才child prodigy: n.神童ridicule: v.嘲笑，嘲弄，戏弄antagonize: 引起敌意(或反感)，与抗衡，竭力反对在公众的心目中成长起来，这方面的种种困难通常致使神童们在到达成年人阶段之前便退离成就的世界;值得庆幸的是，有时他们会在后来回到竞争中来，并取得辉煌的成功。3、In scientific studies, supporting evidence is much more satisfying to report than are discredited hypotheses, but, in fact, the - of errors is more likely to be - than is the establishment of probable truth.A, formulation. permittedB, correction. ignoredC, detection. usefulD, accumulation. agreeableE, refinement. conditionaldiscredit: v.1.败坏名声，诽谤 2.使不可置信，证实是假，对怀疑，驳倒hypothesis: n.假说(设)，前提formulation: n.1.公式化(的表述) 2.系统(或确切)的阐述 3.规划，构想agreeable: a.1.令人愉快的，惬意的 2.(欣然)同意的，愿意的 3.适合的，一致的refinement: n.1.高雅，有教养 2.精炼，精制在科学研究中，报告确凿的证据要比报告被推翻的假设来得远为令人满意，但是，事实上，发现错误要比建立可能的真理或许更为有用。4、Professional photographers generally regard inadvertent surrealism in a photograph as a curse rather than a blessing; magazine photographers, in particular, consider themselves - to the extent that they can - its presence in their photographs.A, skillful. enhanceB, inadequate. eliminateC, original. demonstrateD, fortunate. minimizeE, conventional. highlightinadvertent: a.1.漫不经心的 2.非故意的，因疏忽而造成的surrealism: n.超现实主义curse: n.1.诅咒 2.祸害，祸因blessing n.1.神赐，神恩 2.幸事，恩惠to the extent that: conj.只要(即等于as long as,表示条件)inadequate: a.1.不适当的，不够格的，不充分的 2.有弱点(缺陷)的minimize: v.1.使减少(或缩小)到最低限度 2.极度轻视(或贬低)，小看highlight: v.1.以强光照射，照亮 2.使显著，使空出，强调一般而言，专业摄影家将摄影作品中由疏忽而致的超现实主义视作一种灾祸而非幸事;尤其是杂志摄影家，只要能在摄影作品中将它的存在减少到最低程度，他们便视自己为相当幸运的了。5、Marison was a scientist of unusual - and imagination who had startling success in - new and fundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A, restiveness. acknowledgingB, precision. coordinatingC, aggression. resistingD, candor. dispellingE, insight. discerningwell in advance of: prep.远在之前restiveness: n.1.焦躁不安 2.倔强，不受管束acknowledge: v.1.承认 2.告知，确认 3.就表示谢忱，报偿 4.对作出反应，理会coordinate: v.协调，调节，整理aggression: n.侵犯(行为)，侵略(行为)，挑衅candor: n.1.直言，坦率，诚恳 2.公平，公正dispell: v.1.驱散 2.消除(疑虑)等discern: v.1.看出，觉察出 2.认识，了解作为一位科学家，马里逊具有非凡的洞悉力和想象力，远在某些全新的基本原理被人们普遍认识之前，他早就能够成功地令人吃惊地将其察觉发现。6、Unenlightened authoritarian manage rarely recognize a crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicum of tolerance for dissent often prevents.A, demurB, schismC, cooperationD, complianceE, shortsightednessunenlightened: a.未受启迪的，愚昧无知的，不开明的authoritarian: a.权力主义的，独裁主义的，专制的modicum: n.少许，一点dissent: n.意见的不一致，意见的分歧，异议，不同意见demur: 1.反对，异议 2.顾虑，迟疑，不愿，犹豫schism : n.1.分裂 2.宗派，派系，派别 3.教会分裂，教会宗派 4.分歧，不和compliance: n.遵从，依从，顺从shortsightedness: n.1.近视 2.目光短浅，缺乏预见，缺乏想象力那些缺乏开明思想且又专制擅权的经理们很少能认识到某一至关重要的原因，以解释在那些民主管理的工作群体的成员之间，为什么严重矛盾冲害的程度会如此之低：对不同意见只要有一丁点的宽容，往往能避免分歧不和。7、Carruthers latest literary criticism - her reputation for trenchant commentary; despite its intriguing title and the fulsome praise on its dust jacket, it is nothing more than a collection of.A, reinforces. pronouncementsB, belies. platitudesC, prejudices. insightsD, advances. . aphorismsE, undermines. judgments1、Paradoxically, Englands colonization of North America was - by its success: the increasing prosperity of the colonies diminished their dependence upon, and hence their loyalty to, their home country.A, demonstratedB, determinedC, alteredD, underminedE, distinguishedparadoxically: adv.1.似非而是地，佯谬地 2.自相矛盾地 3.悖理地，反常地colonization: n.殖民统治prosperity: n.兴旺，繁荣昌盛loyalty: n.忠诚demonstrate: v.1.论证，证明 2.说明，教 3.显示，表露alter: v.改变，改动，使变样矛盾的是，英国在北美的殖民统治反而由于它的成功而遭到削弱：诸殖民地的日益繁荣减少了它们对其宗主国的依赖，因而亦减少了它们对它的忠诚。2、Although Harry, Stack Sullivan is one of the most influential social scientists of this century, his ideas are now so - in our society that they seem almost -.A, novel. antiquatedB, revolutionary. fundamentalC, commonplace . banalD, disputed. esotericE, obscure. familiar【翻译】虽然哈利斯塔克沙利文是本世纪最具影响的社会科学家之一但是现在看来，他的思想在我们的社会中显得如此普通平凡，以致于几近平庸。3、Her first concert appearance was disappointingly perfunctory and derivative, rather than the-performance in the -style we had anticipated.A, talented. tenuousB, prosaic. classicC, artistic. mechanicalD, inspired. innovativeE, literal. enlightenedperfunctory: a.敷衍了事的，马虎的，得过且过的derivative: a.1.派生的，衍生的 2.缺乏独创性的，模仿他人的tenuous: a.1.细的，薄的 2.稀薄的，脆弱的prosaic: a.1.散文的 2.平凡的，乏味的inspired: a.受神灵启示的，在灵感支配下的literal: a.1.逐字的，照字面的，原义的 2.只讲究实际的，缺乏想象力的，刻板的，如实的enlightened: a.开明的，有知识的，文明的她的首场音乐会演出令人失望地显得敷衍了事，且有模仿他人之嫌，而不是我们所期待的那种灵感迸发的演出和令人耳目一新的风格。4、As is often the case with collections of lectures by - authors, the book as a whole is -, although the individual contributions are outstanding in themselves.A, different. disconnectedB, incompetent. abysmalC, famou us. systematicD, mediocre. unexcitingE, various. coherentcontribution: n.(投给报刊等的)稿件，文搞incompetent: a.不称职的不胜任的abysmal: a.深不可测的，无底的，极度的对于那些由不同的作者的演讲录编辑而成的集子来说，常有的情形是，整本书会显得杂乱无章，尽管单独的稿件就其本身而言可谓很出色。5、Although some consider forcefulness and - to be two traits desirable to the same degree, I think that making a violent effort is much less useful than main-taining a steady one.A, promptnessB, persistenceC, aggressionD, skillfulnessE, luciditytrait: n.特征，特点，特性promptness: n.快捷，迅速aggression: n.侵犯(行为)，侵略(行为)，挑衅lucidity: n.明晰易懂，清澈透明虽然有人认为强劲有力和坚持不懈这两种特征同等可取，但我认为作一剧烈的努力远没有维持一稳定的努力来得有用。6、The popularity of pseudoscience and quack medicines in the nineteenth century suggests that people were very- but the gullibility of the public today makes citizens of yesterday look like hard-nosed -.A, cautious. edu catorsB, sophisticated. realistsC, rational. pragmatistsD, naive. idealistsE, credulous. skepticspseudoscience: n.伪科学quack: n.冒牌医生，江湖骗子hard-nosed: a.1.(猎犬)嗅觉不灵的 2.执拗的，倔强的，顽强的，不屈不挠的 3.(美俚)精明而讲究实际的sophisticated: a.老于世故的，富于经验的，精通的rational: a.1.理性的，理智的，明事理的 2.合理的 3.神智健全的pragmatist: 实用主义者naive: a.1.天真的 2.幼稚的，轻信的 3.未有过经验的idealist: n.1.理想主义者，理想家，空想家 2.哲唯心主义者，唯心论者credulous: a.轻信的，易受骗的，因轻信而引起的sceptic: n.1.怀疑(论)者 2.怀疑宗教(尤指基督教)者伪科学和江湖庸医在十九世纪的风靡一时，表明人们相当轻信，但当今公众之如此易于受骗上当，使得昨日的公民看上去犹若精明实际的怀疑者。7、Though extremely - about his own plans, the man allowed his associates no such privacy and was constantly - information about what they intended to do next.A, idiosyncratic . alteringB, guarded. eschewingC, candid. uncoveringD, reticent. . solicitingE, fastidious. ruining1、Though environmentalists have targeted some herbicides as potentially dangerous, the anufacturers, to the environmentalists dismay, - the use of these herbicides on lawns.A, defyB, deferC, defendD, assailE, disparageenvironmentalist: n.1.环境保护论者，人类生态学者 2.环境论者 3.环境艺术家target: v.以为攻击目标herbicide: n.除莠剂，灭草剂potentially: adv.潜在地，可能地to somebodys dismay: prep.令人气馁(失望、绝望、幻灭，惊愕等)defy: v.1.违抗，反抗，蔑视 2.经受得住 3.使成为不可能 4.挑，激defer: v.1.推迟，拖延，使推迟 2.尊敬，服从，敬重(to)assail: v.1.攻击，袭击 2.质问，责骂 3.着手解决，毅然对付disparage: v.1.贬低，轻视 2.底毁，损害的名声虽然环保专家们将抨击的矛头指向某些除草剂，抨击某潜在的危险性，但是，令环保专家们沮丧的是，制造商们却对这些除草剂在草坪上的使用大加辨护。2、To believe that a cultures achievement can be measured by the -of its written material requires one to accept that a page of junk mail is as - as a page of great literature.A, nature. readableB, quality. prevalentC, timelessness. understandableD, applicability. eloquentE, volume. valuablejunk mail: n.三级邮件，(成批大量发出的)邮寄广告宣传品prevalent: a.流行的，盛行的，普遍的timelessness: n.永恒，无时间性，永不改变，无始无终eloquent: a.1.雄辩的，有说服力的 2.富于表情的，明白显示出的(of)volume: n.1.份量，量，额 2.体积，容积，容量若要人相信某一文化的成就可凭藉其书面材料的总量来衡量的话，这就需要我们接受这样一种说法，即一页三级邮件的价值可与一页伟大的文学作品相提并论。3、Given the failure of independent laboratories to replicate the results of Dr. Johnsons experiment, only the most - supporters of her hypothesis would be foolish enough to claim that it had been adequately -.A, fastidious. definedB, partisan. verifiedC, vigilant. publicizedD, enlightened. researchedE, fervent. underminedgiven a.1.规定的，特定的 2.有癖好的，有倾向的(to) 3.已知的，假设的replicate: v.复制，摹写adequately: adv.1.适当地，胜任地 2.足够地 3.勉强够地，差强人意地fastidious: a.爱挑剔的，过分讲究的partisan: v.党派的，派派性的，偏袒的verify: v.1证明，证实 2.核实，查对，查清vigilant: a.警戒的，警觉的，警惕的publicize: v.引起公众对的注意，宣传enlightened: a.开明的，有知识的，摆脱偏见(或迷信)的，文明的fervent: a.1.炽热的 2.热情的，热诚的，强烈的undermine: v.1.侵蚀的基础 2.暗中破坏，逐渐损害(或削弱)鉴于独立的实验室无法复制出约翰逊博士的实验结果，因此，唯有其假设最偏袒的支持者才会愚顽至极，竟会声称它早已得到了充分的验证。4、Roman historians who study the period 30 B.C. to A.D. 180 can -the Augustan peace only by failing to recognize that this peace in many respects resembled that of death.A, decryB, applaudC, ridiculeD, demandE, disprovedecry: v.1.(强烈)反对，(公开)谴责 2.诋毁(名声)applaud: v.1.向喝彩，给捧场 2.称赞，赞许，赞成ridicule v.嘲笑，戏弄，嘲弄disprove: v.证明不能成立，证明虚假(或不正确)，反驳研究公元前30年至公元180年这一时期的罗马史学家们，他们之所以能对“奥古斯都的太平盛世”大加颂扬，只是因为他们无从认识到，这种所谓的“太平盛世”其实在诸多方面与死气沉沉相差无几。5、Although Tom was aware that it would be - to display annoyance publicly at the sales conference, he could not - his irritation with the clients unreasonable demands.A, inadvisable. evinceB, efficacious. suppressC, pragmatic. counterD, captious. expressE, impolitic. hideannoyance: n.1.恼怒，烦恼 2.打拢，骚扰irritation: n.1.激怒，恼怒，生气 2.刺激物，恼人事inadvisable: a.不可取的，不妥当的，失策的evince: v.表明，显示efficacious: a.灵验的，奏效的pragmatic: a.1.实干的，重实效的 2.实用主义的 3.国事的，国务的counter: v.1.反对，反击，对抗，反驳，抵消，制止 2.(拳击时)还击captious: 难以讨好的，吹毛求疵的impolitic: a.失策的，不当的，不审慎的，没见识的尽管汤姆意识到，在销售会上公然展示恼怒甚为不妥但面对顾客的无理要求，他却再也无法掩饰其满腔怒火。6、It is no accident that most people find Davis book disturbing, for it is - to undermine a number beliefs they have long -.A, calculated. cherishedB, annotated. assimilatedC, intended. deniedD, anxious. misunderstoodE, reputed. anticipatedundermine: v.1.侵蚀的基础 2.暗中破坏，逐渐损害(或削弱)calculat ed: a.精心计划的，蓄意的cherish: v.1.珍视，珍爱 2.抱有，怀有(思想，感情等)annotate: v.给作注解(或译注)assimilate: v.吸收消化，使同化，使趋于一致reputed: a.1.驰名的 2.被一般认定的，普遍认为的大多数人发现戴维斯的著作令人不安，这决非偶然，因为它刻意要摧毁人们长期以来所怀有的信念。7、One virus strain that may help gene therapists cure genetic brain diseases can enter the peripheral nervous system and travel to the brain, - the need to inject the therapeutic virus directly into the brain.A, suggestingB, intensifyingC, elucidatingD, satisfyingE, obviating1、Artificial light _ the respiratory activity of some microorganisms in the winter but not in the summer, in part because in the summer their respiration is already at its peak and thus cannot be _.A, stimulates. lessenedB, inhibits. quickenedC, reflects. expandedD, elevates. measuredE, enhances. increasedrespiratory: a.呼吸的，呼吸器管的，呼吸作用的microorganism: n.微生物inhibit: v.1.抑制，约束 2.化医抑制elevate: v.1.举起，提高，使上升 2.提升的职位，提高(嗓门，信心等)，改善3.使情绪高昂人造光能增强某些微生物体在夏季的呼吸活动，但在夏季却不能，部分原因是因为它们的呼吸在夏季早已处于高峰状态，故而已到了无以复加的地步。2、Doreen justifiably felt she deserved recognition for the fact that the research institute had been _a position of preeminence, since it was she who had _ the transformation.A, reduced to. controlledB, raised to. observedC, mired in. imaginedD, maintained in. createdE, returned to. directedjustifiably: adv.无可非议地，可辩护地，情有可原地preeminence: n.卓越，杰出mire: v.使陷入泥潭，使陷困境戴莲理直气壮地觉得她理应得到人们的褒奖，因为研究院再度回到了昔日的卓越地位，而正是她一手导演了这一变迁。3、The prospects of discovering new aspects of the life of a painter as thoroughly studied as Vermeer are not, on the surface_.A, unpromisingB, dauntingC, encouragingD, superficialE, challengingprospect: n.1.预期，展望，指望 2.景象，视野 3.机会，前景，前程，前途vermeer: n.弗美尔(荷兰风俗画家，亦作肖像及风景画，以善用色彩表现空间感及光的效果著称，作品有挤奶女工，情书等)unpromising: a.无指望的，没有前途的，不太有成功希望的daunting: a.令人胆怯气馁的，威吓的superficial: a.1.面(积)的 2.表面的，外部的 3.草率的，粗略的4.肤浅的，浅薄的象弗美尔这样一位其生平被研究得如此这巨细无遗、透彻详尽的画家，要挖掘其生平中的新内容，乍看上去，前景并不让人感到欣慰鼓舞。4、Even those siblings whose childhood was - familial feuding and intense rivalry for their parents affection can nevertheless deve