建筑常用词汇汇总.doc

建筑类常用英语词汇汇总建筑风格:1 美索不达米亚建筑Mesopotamian architecture2古埃及建筑Egyptian architecture3 古希腊建筑Greek 4 古罗马建筑Roman architecture5 拜占庭建筑Byzantine architecture6 罗曼式建筑Romanesque architecture7 哥特式建筑Gothic architecture8古典建筑classical architecture9文艺复兴建筑Renaissance architecture10 巴洛克建筑Baroque architecture11 洛可可建筑Rococo architecture12 伊斯兰建筑Islamic architecture建筑类型及组成:1 单层建筑single-story building2 多层建筑multistory building3 高层建筑 highrise building, tall building4 超高层建筑super highrise building, supertall building5 摩天楼skyscraper6 活动房屋mobile house7 建筑队群building group8 裙房podium9 楼层floor10 夹层mezzanine11 底层ground floor12 地下室basement13半地下室sub-basement世界各国著名建筑物：巴黎圣母院Notre-Dame Cathedral美国白宫White House新加坡鱼尾狮the Merlion白金汉宫Buckingham Palace克里姆林宫Moscow Kremlin卢浮宫Louvre Museum大本钟 Capitol and Big Ben伦敦塔桥 Tower of London bridge莫斯科红场 Red Square美国自由女神像TheStatueofLiberty法国埃菲尔铁塔 Eiffel Tower英国的大本钟 Big Ben悉尼歌剧院 SydneyOperaHouse意大利的比萨斜塔 Leaning Tower of Pisa帝国大厦 Empire State Building埃及金字塔 The Pyramids:印度泰姬陵 Taj Mahal柬埔寨吴哥窟 Angkor巴黎凯旋门 arc de triomphe日本富士山 Mount Fuji 希腊帕特农神庙 Parthenon Temple马来西亚双塔 Petronas Twin Towers比利时撒尿男童 Search Boys丹麦美人鱼 Little Mermaid中国著名建筑物：故宫 theForbiddenCity巴达拉宫 Mubadala Palace四合院 quadrangle颐和园 the Summer Palace秦始皇陵兵马俑 Emperor Qins Terracotta Warriors 古代常用建筑： 宫palace殿 hall亭 pavilion台 platform tower楼 building tower阁 tower attic刹 temple坛 the temple of the heaven龛 shrine庙 taoist temple寺 temple庵 hunney观 taoist temple廊 carible河 moat斋 study庄 store /shop /villige馆 mansion /gusthouse /museum坞 shelter轩 veranda/pavilion水榭 pavilion on the water角楼 wachtower鼓楼 drum tower钟楼 clock tower古代钟楼 bell tower牌楼 memonial arch屏风 screen壁画 murals塔(舍利塔式的) dagoba塔(宝塔式的) pagoda寺院 monastery四种不同的教堂：1church 教堂2 chapel 小教堂3cathedral 大教堂4basilica 皇宫，教堂形容建筑物富丽堂皇的形容词：palatial, sumptuous, luxurious, lavish, deluxe, extravagant, splendor, frippery形容建筑物简单朴素的形容词：bleak, dingy, gloomy, plain其他：monument纪念碑ten-storey office block十层办公大楼column柱colonnade柱列arch拱town planning市政（美作：city planning）building permission营建许可证，建筑开工许可证greenbelt绿地elevation建筑物的三面图plan设计图scale比例尺to prefabricate预制excavation 挖土，掘土foundations基to lay the foundations 打地基course of bricks砌好的砖列scaffold 脚手架scaffolding 脚手架建筑学architecture建筑物building人体测量学anthropometry人体尺寸human dimensions人体舒适human comfort人类行为human behavior人因工效学human factor engineering人类群居学ekistics环境心理学environmental psychology人类生态学human ecology建筑功能building function建筑类型学building typology空间构图space configuration领域性territoriality建筑经济学building economics价值工程学value engineering费用效益cost effectiveness建筑美学architectural aesthetics艺术格调artistic touch建筑几何学architectural geometry建筑形态学architectural morphology建筑形式architectural form建筑风格architectural style建筑环境architectural environment环境艺术environmental art建筑文化architectural culture建筑文脉architectural context建筑符号学architectural semiotics模式语言pattern language建筑设计方法学architectural design methodology无障碍设计barrier free design古建筑保护historical building presvervation 风水学fengshui 建筑科学building science 建筑气候学building climatology 建筑物理学building physics 建筑光学building optics 建筑热学building thermodymamics, building thermology 建筑声学building acoustics 太阳能建筑solar building 建筑工程building engineering 建筑标准化building standardization 建筑模数building module 模数协调modular coordination 建筑工业化building industrialization 工业化建筑体系industrialized building system 支撑体系support system 填充体系infill system 建筑安全building safety 建筑防灾building disaster prevention 建筑节能building energy conservation 减灾学natural disaster prevention 建筑防火building fire protection 建筑抗震building aseismicity 建筑病理building pathology 健康建筑healthy building 建筑综合症synthetic building syndrome,SBS 建筑保安building security 防卫性空间defensible space 建筑性能building performance 建筑评价building evaluation 社会影响评价social impact assessment,SIA 环境影响评价environmental impact assessment,EIA 建筑测量building surveying 建筑勘探building geotechnics 工程施工engineering construction 建筑材料building material 建筑制品building product 建筑构造architectural construction 建筑设备系统building serv