中考句型转换的重点(10级).doc

中考句型转换的重点一：AB句：如：He has decided to leave his parents. He has made up his mind to leave his parents.1. hope to do=expect to do=anticipate doing=look forward to doing2. decide to do=make a decision to do=make up ones mind to do3. at last=in the end=finally4. at ones leisure=in ones free time=in ones spare time5. without having to.如：Dancing is a way of communication. You dont have to use words. Dancing is a way of communication without having to use words.6. instead of.如：They didnt go to the cinema. They went to the seaside. They went to the seaside instead of going to the cinema.7. as well as=apart from8. prefer.to.=like.better than.9:take, spend, cost,pay 的用法时间：It takes (sb) some time to do sth= sb spends some time doing sth To do/Doing sth takes sb some time.金钱：Doing sth costs sb some money.=sb spends some money doing sth三个花费：sth costs sb some money=sb spends some money on sth =sb pays some money for sth要注意cost的时态Ive spent three hours decorating my house.=It has taken me three hours to decorate my house.They spent five dollars on the book.=The book cost them five dollars.=They paid five dollars for the book.10:not.untilAfter I told him the fact, he changed his mind.=He didnt change his mind until I told him the fact.They stayed in bed until lunchtime.=They didnt get up until lunchtime.11. as.as, not so(as).as, 和比较级互换。The old one is not so practical as the new one.=The new one is more practical than the old one.=The old one is less practical than the new one.12. 最高级和比较级的互换。China is the largest country in Asia.=China is larger than any other country in Asia.思考：China is larger than any other country in Africa.这句话哪里错了？13. so/neither/norAb句中要注意的东西：A句和b句时态必须一致。二、简单句变复杂句(simple-complex)；复杂句变简单句(complex-simple)1：seem 的用法The lady in white seemed to be amazingly surprised.=The lady in white seemed amazingly surprised.=It seemed that the lady in white was amazingly surprised.2: too.to, not enough to do.- so.that.The pool was too deep for me to go across.=The pool wasnt shallow enough for me to go across.=The pool was so deep that I couldnt go across it.注意第三个句子要把it加进去。因为第三个句子是个复合句。3:in order to do.-so that., in order that.They took a taxi in order to get to the airport in time.=They took a taxi so that they could get to the airport in time.=They took a taxi in order that they could get to the airport in time.4:after/before/when/while sb does/did., after/before/when/while doing.After the actress got up, she realized she had just had an awful dream.=After getting up, the actress realized she had just had an awful dream.Remember to turn the lights off when you leave the classroom.=Remember to turn the lights off when leaving the classroom.5: when to do-when sb can/could do.what to do-what sb can/could do. 等等技巧：直接把sb can/could换成to，或者把to换成sb can/couldYou have told her which pair of shoes she can choose.=You have told her which pair of shoes to choose.I had no idea what to do.=I had no idea what I could do.6. find/think/consider/feel sb(sth) +adj. -find/think/consider/feel +(that) +a sentenceShe finds it difficult to learn English.=She finds (that) it is difficult to learn English.We considered him a clever kid.=We considered (that) he was a clever kid.7. who/which is/was/are/wereThe man who is standing under the tree is my brother. =The man standing under the tree is my brother.The book which is called look ahead is very useful.=The book called look ahead is very useful.8. Its adj. for sb to do sthIts adj. that +a sentence. Its important that people recognize the models.=Its important for people to recognize the models. 9. because +a sentencebecause ofThe sports meeting was delayed because the weather was bad. =The sports meeting was delayed because of the bad weather. 10. It is adj. of sb to do sth.He was impolite. He smoked in the restaurant.=It was impolite of him to smoke in the restaurant. The boy was very brave. He saved his sisters life. =It was very brave of the boy to save his sisters life. 三、主动变被动，被动变主动。注意时态、句式和人称。被动基本构成是be done.be 的适当形式：am is are.was were.will be.be being.will be.has/have been等He repairs radios. Radios are repaired by him. (注意：介词by后面跟宾格)He repaired her radio yesterday. Her radio was repaired by him yesterday.He is repairing the radio now. The radio is being repaired by him now.He will repair the radio tomorrow. The radio will be repaired by him tomorrow.He has already repaired the radio. The radio has already been repaired by him.注意一些短语: hear, see, let, make, watch, notice sb do.sb is seen to do.hear,see, watch, notice sb doing.sb is seen doing.四：直接引语变间接引语：一、如何变人称：She said. My brother wants to go with me. She said her brother wanted to go with her.He said to Kate. How is your sister now?He asked Kate how her sister was then。Mr Smith said。 Jack is a good worker。Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。二、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为过去完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：1)She said. I have lost a pen.She said she had lost a pen2)She said. We hope so.She said they hoped so.3) She said. He will go to see his friend。She said he would go to see his friend。但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。直接引语是客观真理。The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：Jack said. John, where were you going when I met you in the street?Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 2l, 1980。 Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例： had better( d better)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：Peter said. You had better (Youd better) come have today。 Peter said I had better go there that day。注意：She often says, “I am interested in dancing.”-She often says that she is interested in dancing. 三、一些变化now-then, today-that day, yesterday-the day before, two days ago-two days before, last month-the month before, last Monday-the Monday before, last year-the year before, just now-a moment before, tomorrow-the next day, next month-the next month, next year-the next year, next Friday-the next Friday, the day before yesterday-two days before, the day after tomorrow-two days later, in a month-a month later, come-go, this-that, these-those, here-there如：He said, These books are mine. He said those books were his.She told me, “I wont come here tomorrow”-She told me that she wouldnt go there the next day.Mary said, “I saw a film three days ago”-Mary said that she had seen a film three days before.My mum said, “I am tired now”-My mum said that she was tired then.四、如何变句型：直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, Our bus will arrive in five minutes.She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.直接引语如果是反意疑问句(Tag question)，选择疑问句(double question)或一般疑问句(yes or no question)，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, Can you swim, John? He asked John if he could swim.You have finished the homework, havent you? my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.Do you go to school by bus or by bike? He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.直接引语如果是特殊问句(wh-/h-question)，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。She asked me, When do they have their dinner? She asked me when they had their dinner.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为tell/ask sb (not) to do sth.句型。如：Dont make any noise, she said to the children. She told/asked the children not to make any noise. Bring me a cup of tea, please, said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.五：感叹句 (Exclamatory sentence)what, how.关键取决于所感叹的形容词或副词后面是否跟名词。如果跟了名词用what,没跟用how.注意一些不可数名词的感叹句。如weather, news, advice等。还要注意一些表示程度的词要去掉。如very, quite, extremely等。六：强调句 (Emphatic sentence/Emphasize the underlined part)it is/was +被强调部分+that+剩余部分。注意现在完成时态是现在时态，要用it is.另外要注意有时候感叹主语的时候。如：I am visiting Ireland.It is I that am visiting Ireland.七：Tag question. 注意一些表示否定的词：hardly, rarely, seldom, little, few, nothing, nobody, not, no, nowhere, no one, none, never.注意There be 的情况。There is little water, is there?注意have的用法： They have gone mad, havent they? They have something to say, dont they? They have to say nothing, do they?八：Yes or No question. Negative sentence.经常考的就是have 的用法。然后some变成any，already变成yet。He has done something wrong. Has he done anything wrong?He has something important to do. Does he have anything important to do?九：Join the two sentences into one.1. There are some teenagers. They are preparing the posters for the celebration.There are some teenagers preparing the posters for the celebration. I could see a man. He was reading a newspaper.I could see a man reading a newspaper.2. First conditional sentence. Work hard and you will succeed.If you work hard, you will succeed.3. It is adj. for/of sb to do sth.He was impolite. He smoked in the restaurant.It was impolite of him to smoke in the restaurant. 十：对划线部分提问：Ask/Raise a question to the underlined part.1. job: Whats your job/occupation/profession? What do you do? What are you?2. temperature: What was the temperature yesterday?3. weather: What was the weather like last weekend? How was the weather last weekend?4. percentage: What percentage of farmers are worried about their crops?5. address: Whats your address?6. telephone number: Whats Toms telephone number?7. names: Whats your first name/surname/full name?8. opinion: What do you think of the film? How do you like the film?9. personality: Whats your teacher like? Hes a kind man.10. appearance: What does your teacher look like? Hes a tall man.11. size: How big is your shirt? What size shirt do you take?12. price: How much are your books? What price did you spend on your books?13. shape: What shape is the present?14. weight: How much is the table? How much does the table weigh?15. nationality: Whats your nationality? What nationality are you?16. distance: How far is it from your school to your home?17. frequency: How often do you go to the funfair?18. times: How many times a year did you visit your parents?19. in+a time: How soon will you be back? In twenty minutes.20. for+a time/until/since: How long have you been here? 21. length/width/height: How long/wide/high/tall is the desk?22. quantity: How much water is there in the cup? How ma