七年级英语Unit12Don.doc

七年级英语Unit 12 Dont eat in class.、一、重点词组及短语： 1.school rules 学校规章制度 2.break（fallow/keep）the rules 违反(遵守)规章制度 3. arrive late for class = be late for class 上课迟到 4.dining hall饭厅，餐厅5. in class 在课堂上 6.on time准时（in time及时）7. eat in the classroom 在教室里吃东西 8. wear a hat (hats) 戴帽子 9. listen to 听 10.school uniforms校服 11. wear uniforms穿制服12.I see我明白了 13. have to do 不得不做14.be（keep）quiet保持安静15.according to根据，依据 16.make （up）ruler 制订规则17.share （sth ）with sb和某人分享（）18. on school days在上学期间19. on school nights在校期间的晚上 20. practice (playing) the piano 练习弹钢琴practice doing 练习做 21.go out外出22.see friends看望朋友 23.clean (ones) room打扫房间 24.do the dishes洗餐具25. too many/much太多的(可数/不可数) 26.make (ones) bed铺床 27.go to bed去睡觉（be in bed 在床上）28.think about (sb/sth/doing sth)考虑（某人/某物/做某事） 29.be strict (with sb)对某人）要求严格 30.learn to do sth学（做某事） 31. Dont talk. = No talking.不要说话。二（重点难点解析）1.Dont fight.不要打架。fight作动词，意为“打架、打仗”。其过去式为fought.fight for“为而斗争”，后面常接抽象名词，表示为事业、自由等而斗争。Eg:They are fighting for freedom.他们正为自由而战。fight against“为反对而战斗”，后接事物名词、人和国家名词。Eg: They fought against the enemy.他们和敌人作战。fight with“和打架”，“同（并肩）战斗”，后只接表示人或国家的名词。Eg:Dont fight with him.不要和他打架。2.Ms./Mrs./Miss.Ms.：“女士”，用于婚姻状况不明或不想区分婚否的女子的姓前。Mrs.：“夫人”，用于已婚女子姓前。 Madam:也用于已婚女子，意为“夫人、女士”，一般单独使用，不与姓连用Miss.：“小姐”用于未婚女子姓前，还常用于年轻的女教师的姓前，可译为“老师”。3. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 相同点：都是“到达“的意思不同点：get to+地点；reach+地点 arrive at+小地点（车站等）；arrive in+大地点（国家等）注意：get to与地点副词（here/there/home）不用介词toEg:I want to go to Beijing.I got home at 15:00.我下午三点到的家。arrive是不及物动词，后面若接地点名词则要和in/at连用，接地点副词时则不用介词。Eg: I arrived home at 15:00. =I got home at 15:00.He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.他昨天到的上海。He arrived yesterday.他昨天到的。 reach是及物动词，后面直接接地点名词或副词。Eg:When will they reach here?4. on time“准时，按时”，指按规定的时刻不早不晚。Eg:He always go to school on time.他总是按时上学。in time“及时”，指没有迟到，时间还充裕。Eg:Fireman reached the house on fire in time.消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子。5.hear、listen和sound都有听的意思，但三者是有区别的： hear听说侧重于听的内容。 Eg:Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了我很难过。 I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。 listen听侧重于听这一动作。Eg:Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。 The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。 sound听起来它是系动词后面接形容词等。Eg:That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。 It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。6.辨析take,bringtake“带走，拿走”指把东西从说话地带到别的地方。Eg:Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?你能帮我把这些书带到教室里去吗？bring“带来”指把东西从别处带到说话地。Eg:Bring your homework here tomorrow,please.请你明天把作业带到这儿来。7. strict是形容词，意为 “严格的”； “严厉的”，通常与be动词连用。be strict with sb “对某人严厉”Eg:Mr. White is very strict with us. 怀特先生对我们要求很严格。 We should be strict with ourselves. 我们应该对自己要求严格。be strict in (doing) sth “对某事要求严格”Eg:Our boss is strict in our work. 我们的老板对我们的工作要求严格。 8.remember“记得，记住”，是及物动词，可以直接加名词。remember doing sth记得已做某事（已做）Eg:I remember seeing him once.我记得见过他一次。remember to do sth 记得要做某事（还没做）Eg:Remember to post the letter for me.记得给我寄这封信。forget“忘记，忘了”，作remember反义词时，用法和remember相同。9.help作动词意为“帮助”，常用的结构有：help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事help sb with sth(n.)帮助某人做某事Eg:I often help him with his lessons.我常帮他学功课。help oneself(myself/yourself/herself) to+n.请随便用Eg:Please help yourselves to some fruit.请随便吃些水果。help还可作名词，表示“帮助”，是不可数。 10.too mang,too much与much too易混词组意义及用法例句too many形容词，“太，太多”，接可数名词There are too mang people in the park.too much形容词，“太多”，接不可数名词I have too much homework today.much too副词，“太，非常”，接形容词或副词My mother is much too busy.11.either,too与also易混词意义及用法例句either“也”，用于否定句中，置于句末时用“，”隔开I wont go there,either.too“也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔开I like dancing,too.also“也”，用于肯定句句中I also like English.10.have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得开心，过得愉快12.be in bed 在床上、卧床，in 和bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数。 Eg:He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。 . 13.No talking ! 禁止交谈。no后面加上名词或动名词doing也表示不要做某事。与dont +do的用法相似。Eg:No wet umbrellas! / Dont put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞No food! Dont eat food here! 禁止吃食物 No smoking! Dont smoke here! 禁止吸烟 三、重点语法1. 情态动词have to 的用法：意思是必须、不得不它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。 结构：主语+have to+动词原形+其他 一般现在时：主语是第三人称单数时用has to，其它时候用have to（过去时：无论人称和单复数都用had to.）Eg:We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上我们必须穿运动鞋。 Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。 （I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一我不得不早上5点起床。） 否定形式:主语+dont have to+动词原形+其他一般现在时:主语是第三人称单数时用doesnt have to,其它时候用dont have to. (过去时: 无论人称和单复数都用didnt have to) Eg:Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。 We didnt have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。 疑问句：Do 、Does或Did+主语+have to +动词原形+其他 Eg:-Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗 -Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 是的我必须。不我不必。 Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？ 2.情态动词must的用法：must表示说话人的主观看法，及主观上的必要性，还用于命令或愿望。只用于现在时，无人称和单数的变化。在表示过去、将来和完成时，用have to的相应形式来代替must. 在表示有做某一个动作的必要和义务，它的意思是“必须，应该”。Eg:You must finish your homework fist.你必须先完成作业。 表示有很大把握的判断或者推测，意思是“一定，准是”。Eg:The tall man must be your father.那个高个子男人一定是你的爸爸。 以must开头的一般疑问句，它的否定回答用neednt（不必要），不用mustnt（不允许），mustnt常用于否定句中表示“不允许，禁止”。Eg:-Must I go there on foot?我必须得走过去吗？ -No,you neednt.不，你不需要。 You mustnt park your car here.你的车不允许停在这儿。3.情态动词can的用法： 表示能力：会能，在第上册中已经学习这种用法 Eg:Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。 I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。 表示允许、许可：可以、能即在这一课中新学的词义 Eg:Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗 注意：同样是情态动词can 和have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中直接在can后加上not；在疑问句中把can放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的4. 祈使句（Imperative Sentence）定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。祈使句的肯定句：行为动词原形+其他Eg:Go and wash your hands.去洗你的手。命令 Be quiet, please.= Please be quiet.请安静。请求 Be kind to our sister.对姐妹要和善。劝告 Watch your steps.走路小心。警告 Look out！Danger！小心！危险！强烈警告，已如感叹句 Keep off the grass.勿践草坪。禁止 No parking.禁止停车。禁止以Let开头的祈使句，Let后宾语是是第一人称时，否定形式是在宾语后加not,Eg:Lets not do that again.我们别再那样做了。 如果Let 后面宾语是第三人称，否定形式是在Let前加助动词Dont,Eg:Dont let them come in.别让他们进来。祈使句的否定通常使用“Dont ”，Dont+动词原形（行为动词/be动词）+其他Eg:Dont let the dog in.不要让那只狗进来。 Dont touch, please.请不要用手触摸。 Dont be silly.别傻了。祈使句有时也把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如：Eg:You go and tell him, Chris.克立斯你去告诉他。 . in class和in the class in class表示“在上课”，而in the class表示“在班上”。 Dont talk in class.上课时不要谈话。 There are 40 students in the class.这个班有40位学生。 类似的短语还有：I. 按要求答题。 1. Talk in class.（变成否定祈使句） _ 2. We have to listen to the teacher.（变成一般疑问句） _ 3. Can she wear a hat in the class?（给出否定回答） _ 4. Dont fight in school.（变成意义与此句相近的句子） _ 5. She has a lot of homework to do, so she has to go to bed late.（变成否定句） _II. 用适当的介词填空。 1. Students cant listen _ music _ the hall ways. 2. Dont be late _ school. 3. Look _ the photo! Can you think _ something? 4. _ fact, cooking is _ moms. 5. _ the afternoon, I helped my sister _ her homework. 6. _ the evening of October 1st, I went out _ a walk _ my family. 7. What does your dog _? We can help you look _ it. 8. What size bowl _ noodles would you like to have _ your dinner? 9. I get up _ eight _ the morning _ Saturday. 10. Dont play games _ the computer any longer.Keys: I.1. Dont talk in class.2. Do you have to listen to the teacher?3. No, she cant.4. We cant fight in school. / No fighting.5. She doesnt have a lot of homework, so she doesnt have to go to bed late.II. 1. to, in 2. for 3. at, of 4. In, for 5. In, with 6. On, for, with 7. look like, for 8. of , for 9. at, in, on 10. on研读教材 1. after在之后 after school放学以后after class下课之后 After you!先请！look after照顾，照看 the day after tomorrow后天run after sb追赶某人 2. Dont go out on school nights. 有课的晚上不要出去。 表示“在晚上”要用at night；当night前有限定词，表示在具体某个晚上时，其前要用on。如：on a cold winter night在一个寒冷的冬天的夜晚；in the night表示“在夜间”。 3. too many rules too many后接复数的可数名词表示“太多的”。如：too many books, too many films. too much后接不可数名词。如：too much homework, much too“太，非常，极了”之意，后接形容词或副词。如：The TV show is much too boring. 4. I have to be in bed by ten oclock. 十点之前我得睡觉。 in bed躺在床上，by等于：not later than（不迟于，到时为止）如：Shes ill in bed. We can finish our work by tomorrow. 5. No talking!禁止谈话 原则上，no可用来否定名词或动名词（V-ing）表示“不要，没有”。如： Theres no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。 No photos! 禁止拍照。 No swimming!禁止游泳。 “no + n”可转换成“not a / an / any +n”的形式。如： She has no time to play.（She does not have any time to play.）迁移拓展 1. We often see the sign in museums. It means _. A. No photosB. No fishing C. No smokingD. No swimming 解析：此题考查对常见公共标牌的辨认能力，图中所画的是一种相机，被斜线划过，意思是禁止拍照。选A。 2. “_ take off your coat, Kate. Its cold today.”“OK.” A. DontB. CantC. Youd betterD. Please 解析：从take off和cold看，选项C、D可排除掉。祈使句的否定式以Dont打头。选A。 3. There is some milk in the glass.（改为否定句） There _ milk in the glass. 解析：变否定句，先看句中有无be，助动词或情态动词，若有，只需在其后加not。本句中有is，所以第一个空用is not的缩略式isnt，否定句用any。本题答案为：isnt any。 4. Where can you see this notice ? _. A. In a bankB. In a school C. In a theatreD. In a shop 解析：题中的notice内容是“每样东西半价销售”这样的告示在bank, school, theatre等场所很少被看见，所以答案选D。 5. The following are all traffic signs except _. A. B. C. D. 解析：选C。选项A表示No parking.选项B表示No turning left，选项D表示Turn right，均为交通指示图示，C表示No smoking. 6. By the way, I have her e-mail address.（改为一般疑问句） By the way, _ you _ her e-mail address? 解析：have“有”，它的一般疑问句是Do you have a computer？依据题中所设空格，可知答案为do, have。 7. Mr Green always _ weekends playing with his children. A. spendsB. takesC. costs 解析：选A。spend常用于sb spends +钱/时间+on / doing sth.这样的结构。take则用It takes sb +时间+to do sth. cost表示sth costs（sb）+钱。 8. Judy: The ball game will be on TV at six in the morning tomorrow. Suzy: _ up early and you wont miss it. A. GetB. To getC. GettingD. Gets 解析：选A。这题考查的是祈使句知识。“祈使句+and / then +简单句”是英语中的一个结构。如：Keep on and youll succeed.坚持！那么你就会成功。 9. We must _ our country _. A. usebeautifulB. makebeautiful C. dobeautifulD. wantbeautiful 解析：本题考查词组make sb.（sth）+adj.使更。而use, want, do都没有这种词组组合，故选B。 10. He came here yesterday. Now he has made _ me. A. friends withB. a friend with C. friends andD. a friend and 解析：本题考查词组“与交朋友”。该词组是“make friends with sb”。故选A。 11. I often go to school _ bike. A. rideB. inC. onD. by 解析：“骑车”可以译成ride a bike, on a bike或by bike。ride a bike是个动词词组，on a bike, by bike是介词短语。此题bike前没有a，故选D。 12. I met him in the street _ the morning of September. A. inB. onC. atD. / 解析：在具体的日期上午、下午或晚上前面要用on。故选B。 13. I am very busy. Because I have _ clothes to wash. A. oneB. twoC. muchD. some 解析：clothes名词复数，是衣服的总称，其前面不能用one, two等基数词。综合以上要点，本题选D。【模拟试题】（答题时间：90分钟）I. 单项选择 1. Oh, your sweater is very nice. _ A. Youre right.B. Youre all right. C. Its right.D. Thanks a lot. 2. Let _ have a look. A. weB. ourC. usD. ours 3. Is it time for me _ supper now? A. haveB. havingC. hasD. to have 4. Can you sing the song in English? No, I _. A. may notB. mustntC. needntD. cant 5. He doesnt want green apples. He wants _. A. red onesB. red one C. the redD. red 6. _ listen to music in the classroom. A. NotB. DontC. CantD. Arent 7. _ we have to wear a uniform? A. AreB. DoC. WereD. Have 8. John, you have to wear sports shoes _ gym class. A. forB. inC. atD. with 9. Please _ the teacher carefully. A. seeB. hearC. listen toD. listen 10. My brother is good _ playing football. A. atB. inC. forD. with 11. _ did you want to be when you were young? To be a nurse. A. WhoB. WhatC. WhichD. What job 12. _ did you move to Paris? Because my father found work there. A. WhyB. WhenC. WhereD. How 13. How dirty your coat is! _ and _. A. Take your coat off, give it me B. Take it off, give it to me C. Take off your coat, to give me it D. Take off it, it give me 14. _ picture books in class, please. A. Not readB. No read C. Not readingD. Dont read 15. Do you _ go back home at seven p.m.? A. haveB. must toC. have toD. has to 16. Can you say it in English? Yes, I _. A. canB. amC. doD. did 17. Can the students run _ the hallways? No, but they can run outside. A. intoB. onC. inD. after 18. We cant listen to music in the hallways, _ we can listen to it outside. A. andB. orC. soD. but 19. What _ do you have to do? We have to clean the classroom. A. stillB. elseC. alsoD. other 20. Can we _ hats in school? No, we cant. A. wearB. put onC. bringD. getII. 补全对话。根据情景在空白处填入适当的句子。 A：Hello! May I speak to Jim? B：_1_. A：Do you have any free time tomorrow? B：Yes, _2_. A：Lets go to the Center Zoo, OK? B：_3_! We can see lots of animals there. _4_? A：At 9:00, outside the zoo gate. B：Ill wait for you there. Goodbye. A：_5_.III. 完形填空。 Bruce was a country boy. He was on his way _1_ New York to see his grandfather. As his parents were very _2_, he had to go there by himself. This was his _3_ trip by plane. He found everything new and _4_. Soon it was the middle of the _5_. But Bruce couldnt get to sleep. He needed a _6_ very much. He saw many people go to the back of the plane and get drinks from a girl there. He didnt have much money _7_ him. He tried his best to get to sleep, but he couldnt. At last he went to the _8_ with a dollar in his hand.“Miss,”he said,“could I have a drink?”“Sure.”said the girl with a smile. She gave him a drink, but she didnt take his _9_. “You dont have to pay for the drink. In fact, you paid for it already. You bought the _10_. It means you paid for the food and drink on the plane,”the girl said. 1. A. toB. forC. ofD. at 2. A. freeB. busyC. happyD. clever 3. A. lastB. secondC. firstD. once 4. A. interestedB. excitedC. worriedD. interesting 5. A. dayB. nightC. noonD. afternoon 6. A. foodB. waterC. juiceD. drink 7. A. withB. inC. forD. to 8. A. manB. girlsC. girlD. men 9. A. dollarB. drinkC. moneyD. hand 10. A. ticketB. seatC. planeD. tripIV. 词汇。 （A）根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。 1. Dont w_ TV after school. 2. Dont go o_ on school nights. 3. I h_ to clean the house every day. 4. Mary h_ mother do the housework last Saturday. 5. We dont h_ any classes today. 6. What e_ do you have to do? 7. We can l_ to music outside. 8. Do you r_ like the watch? 9. What was the w_ like yesterday? It rained and it was very w_. 10. What do you t_ of your English teacher? 11. Li Hua was b_ in May, 1995. 12. Amy is from New York. She is A_. 13. Thank you for c_ here to see me. 14. China is a country with a history of five t_ years. （B）根据句意及汉语提示补全单词。 1. The teacher is very _（友好）to the students. 2. Its raining. Dont play basketball _（在外面）. 3. Dont _（讲话）to your friends in class while the lesson is going on. 4. I often do my _（家庭作业）at home in the evening. 5. Mary often _（穿）black clothes on Sundays. 6. Dont _（看）TV too late at night. 7. We have to _（打扫）the classroom. 8. Dont eat _（在外面）. 9. He _（买）a knife for his brother yesterday. 10. Can you _（讲）English? 11. _（禁止钓鱼）！ Its dangerous here. 12. I am busy. Please _（出去）. 13. Every day he always _（很早上床睡觉）. 14. _（起床之后）, he began to wash his face. 15. He always has _（太多的钱）. 16. Who _（帮着打扫）the classroom this morning? 17. Can you tell me who you are _（正在为做家务）？ 18. _（不