2018年高考英语二轮复习专题13情景交际讲学案含解析.docx

专题13 情景交际交际用语的考查点相对集中。主要考查社会交往中的一些日常交际用语。考查的方式以应答为主，提问为辅； 以跨文化交际中差异明显的交际项目为重点考查对象。其考点主要包括：1考查习惯应答语。许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语； 感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。考生必须用英美人的思维方式，遵循他们的习惯进行回答。交际用语常见的回答用语主要有以下几个方面：(1)常用于接受或拒绝请求、邀请的应答用语有：With pleasure./Yes, help yourself./No problem./Good idea./Sorry, but/Id rather you/Thank you, but/No way./Forget it.等。(2)常用于感谢的应答用语有：Thats all right./You are welcome./Dont mention it./It is my pleasure (My pleasure)/Not at all.等。(3)常用于道歉的应答用语有：Never mind./It doesnt matter./Not at all./Thats all right./That is nothing.等。(4)常用于祝愿和祝贺的应答用语有：Good luck！/Best wishes to you！/Have a nice time！/Congratulations！/Merry Christmas！/Thank you！/The same to you！等。2考查文化差异语。汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。避免母语交际定式的干扰，根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答是掌握文化差异的关键。3考查语言结构语。根据不同的交际情景，说话者会采用不同的交际用语来表达自己的态度和情感。当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时，可以说：Yes，I think(suppose，believe)so./Yes，Im afraid so. 对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度时，则说： No，I dont think (suppose) so./No，I dont believe so./ No，I believe (suppose) not./No，I hope not./ No，I am afraid not.情景交际用语指在特定的语境中运用的语言。情景交际用语范围广泛，形式多样，灵活多变，这些情景交际语言的结构无不体现着英语国家的文化、风俗和习惯。情景交际用语的功能主要包括四十一个项目。1问候(Greetings) Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.Hello/ Hi.How are you? Fine, thank you, and you?Best wishes/ regards to sb.Please give/ send my regards/ best wishes/ love to sb.Say hello to sb.Please remember me to sb.2介绍(Introductions) This is Mr./ Mrs./ Miss/ Ms./ Comrade./ May I introduce you to.？/ Id like you to meet.My name is./ Im a student/ teacher, etc.Im Chinese.3告别(Farewells) Im afraid I must be leaving now./ I think its time for us to leave now.Good bye！/ Bye bye！/ Bye！/ See you later/ tomorrow./ See you./ Good night. 4感谢和应答(Thanks and responses) Thank you(very much)/ Thanks a lot./ Many thanks./ Thanks for./ Its very kind of you to.Not at all./ Its/ Thats all right./ You are welcome.5祝愿、祝贺和应答(Good wishes, congratulations & responses) Good luck！/ Best wishes to you！/ I wish you good luck/ success！/ Good journey (to you)！/ Have a good trip./ Have a nice/ good/ wonderful time./ Congratulations./ Id like to congratulate you on./ Happy New Year！/ Merry Christmas！/ Happy birthday to you!Thank you./ The same to you.6道歉、遗憾和应答(Apologies, regrets, sympathies & responses) Sorry./ Pardon./ Im sorry./ Im sorry for/ about./ Im sorry to hear./ Im sorry to havev.ed/ that. Excuse me(for.)/ Im afraid of./ Im afraid I was very rude./ I didnt mean to be so rude./ What a pity./ Shame！/ Its a pity that. Thats all right./ It doesnt matter./ Thats nothing./ Thats OK./ Never mind./ Dont worry about that.7邀请和应答(Invitations and responses) Will you come to.？/ Would you like to.？/ Id like to invite you to.Yes, Id love to(.)/ Yes, its very kind/ nice of you.Id love to, but. 8提供(帮助等)和应答(Offers and responses) Can/ Could/ Shall I help you？/ Would you like me to.？/ Is there anything(else) I can do for you？/ Do you want me to.？/ What can I do for you？/ Let me do/ carry/ help.(for you)/ Would you like some.?Thanks./ That would be nice/ fine./ Thats very kind/ nice of you./ Thank you for your help./ Yes, please./ Here, take this/ my.No, thanks./ Thank you./ I can manage it myself./ Thank you all the same./ Thats very kind of you, but. 9约会(Making appointments) Are you/ Will you be free this afternoon/ tomorrow？/ How about tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening？/ Shall we meet at 4：30 at.?Yes, thats all right./ Yes, Ill be free then.No, I wont be free then. But Ill be free.All right. See you then.10意愿和希望(Intentions and wishes) Im going to./ I intend/ mean/ plan to./ I will./ Id like to./ I feel like ving./ I (do not) want/ hope to./ Im ready to./ Id prefer to do./ I would rather not tell you. I want/ hope/ wish to./ I wish that./ I would like to. How about.11请求、允许和应答(Asking for permission and responses) May I.？/ Can/ Could I.？/ I wonder if I can/ could./ Do/ Would you mind if I do/ did.?Yes/ Sure/ Certainly./ Yes, (do) please.或Sure, go ahead./ Of course./ Go ahead, please./ Thats OK/ all right./ Not at all./ Of course not./ Certainly not.Im sorry you cant./ Im sorry, but./ Youd better not.12同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement) Certainly./ Sure./ Of course./ Yes, please./ No problem./ Thats true./ Yes, I think so./ OK./ All right./ Thats a good idea./ Its a good idea./ We agree(with you)/ I agree to./ thatclauseNo. I dont think so./ Im afraid not./ Im afraid I (really) cant agree with you.13喜好和厌恶(Likes and dislikes) I like/love.(very much)/ I like/ love to.I dont like(to)./ I hate(to). 14决定和坚持(Determination, decision and insistence) I will./ I have decided to/ that./ I have decided wh疑问词引导的从句/wh疑问代词或副词to.I insist on/that.15判断和意见(Judgement and opinion) It certainly is./ Its correct to do./ Well done！/ Good work!In my opinion./ It seems./ So/ As far as I know. 16职责(Obligations) You must/ have to/ should/ ought to./ It is necessary to/ that.17能力(Ability) I can./ He is able to. 18偏爱(Preference) I prefer.to./ Hed prefer them not to./ Hed rather begin at once. 19责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint) She is to blame./ He blamed her for./ She shouldnt have done it.Im sorry to have said that, but./ Why cant you do something about it?20肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty) Im sure (of that)/ Im sure (that).Im not sure (of that)/ Im not sure whether/ if./ I doubt if.Perhaps./ Maybe. 21禁止和警告(Prohibition and warnings) You cant/ mustnt./ If you., you will./ Youd better not do it./ Dont smoke！/ Dont be late!Look out！/ Take care！/ Be careful!22可能和不可能(Possibility and impossibility) He can/ may./ It is possible that.He may not./ He is not likely to./ He is not likely that. 23预见、猜测和相信(Prediction, conjecture and belief) He will.I guess that./ He must have done./ It seems (that)./ It seems as if./ It looks as if.I believe that he is right.24请求(Requests) Can/ Will/ Could/ Would you.for me？/ Will/ Can/ Could/ Would you please.？/ May I have.?Please give/ pass me./ Please wait(here/a moment)/ Please wait(for) your turn./ Please stand in line/ line up./ Please hurry./ Make sure that.please.Dont rush/ hurry/ crowd./ No noise, please./ No smoking, please. 25劝告和建议(Advice and suggestions) Youd better (not)./ You should/ought to./ You need(to).Shall we.？/ Lets./ What/ How about.？/ Why not.？/ Why dont you do.? 26许诺(Promises) I promise./ You shall have.tomorrow./ I will give.to you.27提醒(Reminding) Dont forget to./ Dont you remember the days when.？/ Make sure that everything is OK now. 28表示焦虑(Expressing anxiety) Whats wrong？/ Whats the matter(with you)？/ Is there anything the matter?Im/ Hes/ Shes worried./ Oh, what shall I/ we do？/ We were all anxious about.29表示惊奇(Expressing surprise) Really？/ Oh dear！/ Is that so？/ Good heavens! 30表示喜悦(Expressing pleasure) Im glad/ pleased/ happy to./ Thats nice/ wonderful/ great./ Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine. 31谈论天气(Talking about the weather) Whats the weather like today？/ Whats the weather going to be like at the weekend？/ Hows the weather in.？/ Its fine/ cloudy/ windy/ rainy./ Its getting cold/ warm./ Its rather warm/ cold/ hot.today, isnt it？/ Its going to be dry and sunny for the next two days./ Its a beautiful day today.32购物(Shopping) What can I do for you？/ Can/ May I help you？/ Is there anything I can do for you?I want/ Id like./ How much is it？/ Thats too expensive, Im afraid./ Thats fine. Ill take it./ Let me have.How much/ many do you want？/ What colour/ size/ kind do you want?Do you have any other kind/ size/ colour, etc.?33问路和应答(Asking the way and responses) Excuse me. Wheres the mens/ ladies room？/ Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to.？/ How can I get to.? I dont know the way.Go down this street./ Turn right/ left at the first/ second crossing./ Its about. metres from here./ Go straight ahead till you see.34问时间、日期和应答(Asking the time, date and responses) What day is (it) today？/ Whats the date today？/ Excuse me. What time is it by your watch？/ Whats the time, please?Its Monday/ Tuesday./ Its January/ February./ Its six oclock/ six thirty/ half past six/ a quarter past/ to six./ Its time for/ to.35就餐(Taking meals) What would you like (to have)？/ Would you like something (to eat/ drink)?Id like./ Two eggs., please.Would you like some more.？/ Help yourself to some.Thank you. Ive had enough./ Im full, thank you./ Just a little, please.36打电话(Making phone calls) Hello! Is (Tom) in？/ May/ Could I speak to.？/ Is that.(speaking)?Hold on, please./ Hello, who is it？/ He/ She isnt here right now./ Can I take a message for you?Hello, this is.speaking./ I called to tell/ ask you. 37传递信息(Passing on a message) Will you please give this note/ message to.?.asked me to give you this note.Thanks for the message.38看病(Seeing the doctor) Theres something wrong with./ Ive got a headache and a cough./ I feel terrible/ bad./ I dont feel well./ This place hurts.Take this medicine three times a day./ Drink plenty of water and have a good rest./ Its nothing serious./ Youll be all right/ well soon. 39求救(Calling for help) Help！/ Thief!Whats the matter?40语言困难(Language difficulties) Pardon？/ Would you please say that again/ more slowly？/ What do you mean by.？/ Im sorry I cant follow you./ Im sorry I know only a little English. 41常见的标志和说明(Some common signs and instructions) BUSINESS HOURS/ MENU/ OFFICE HOURS/ NO SMOKING/ OPEN/ NO PARKING/ CLOSED/ NO PHOTOS PULL/ PUSH/ ENTRANCE/ EXIT INSTRUCTIONS/ MADE IN CHINA/ THIS SIDE UPON/ DANGER OFFPLAY/ STOP/ PAUSE INSERT HERE考点一、考查情景交际例1.Jack，Id like to have your opinions about my written report. . But I have one suggestion.A. Thats a good ideaB. You are too modestC. It looks fine to meD. You should check it first【答案】C【解析】A那是一个好主意。B你太谦虚了；C对我来说，看起来很不错；D你一个先检查一下。句意：Jack，我想问问你对我写的这份报告怎么看？对我来说看起来还不错。但是我有一个建议。本题的关键词是but；后面说我有一个建议，but说明可以前后是转折关系，可知前面认为这个报告还不错。故C正确。 【举一反三】Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!_ madam. Its our soup of the day.ALet me see BSo it isCDont mention it DNeither do I【变式探究】Im sorry I made a mistake!_. Nobody is perfect.ATake your timeBYoure rightCWhatever you sayDTake it easy【答案】D。句意：对不起，我犯错了。不要紧张，没有十全十美的。Take your time. 慢慢来。You are right.你是正确的。Whatever you say.不管你说什么Take it easy. 不紧张；根据句意D项正确。考点二、考查情景对话例2 You know, I met my girlfriends parents for the first time only yesterday. _? I thought youd met them before.A. So what B. Pardon C. Really D. What for【答案】C 【举一反三】(2013江苏，22)The Tshirt I received is not the same as is shown online._？ But I promise you well look into it right away.AWho says BHow come CWhat for DWhy worry【答案】B。“我收到的T恤衫跟网上展示的不一样。”“_？但我向你保证我们马上调查此事。”由but看出语气的转折，所以对所提出的事应表示吃惊与怀疑，用How come怎么能，怎么会？而What for为什么，干什么？Who says谁说的，很显然是对方说的，所以错误。故答案B。【变式探究】Thank you for the flowers._. I thought they might cheer you up.AThats right BAll rightCIm all right DIts all right【答案】D。“谢谢你的花”“不用谢，我认为它们会让你高兴起来”。用Its all right不用谢，别客气。故选D项。【变式探究】What do you think of the house?_ Its everything weve been looking for.APerfect! BGood idea!CNot bad. DSoSo.【答案】A考查情景对话。句意：你认为这所房子怎么样？很完美！正是我们一直寻找的房子。由答语的第二句话可知，A项为正确答案。C项意为：不错；不如A项合适；B项意为：好主意；D项意为：平平常常。都不符合句意。考点三、考查交际用语例3（2017天津）Michael was late for Mr. Smiths chemistry class this morning. _? As far as I know, he never came late to class.A. So what B. Why not C. Who cares D. How come【答案】D考点：考查交际用语。【变式探究】【2016天津】6. -Im thinking of going back to school to get another degree. -Sounds great!_. A. It all depends B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder【答案】B【解析】句意：我在想回去上学再拿一个学位。听起来很棒！努力争取吧。A.那就看情况而定了；B.去争取吧；C.没关系；D.难怪。故选B。【举一反三】Hey, can I ask you a favor?Sure，_Ahere you are. Bjust as I thought.Chow is it going? Dwhat can I do for you?【答案】D。句意：嗨，能请你帮帮忙吗？当然可以。_。A项here you are给你；B项just as I thought我也是这么想的；C项how is it going？情况怎么样？D项what can I do for you？我能为你做点什么？由Sure可知，回答者已经同意帮助对方，所以正确答案为D。【变式探究】Excuse me, but could I trouble you for some change?_. Will pennies do?AI know BNever mind CI am sure DLet me see【答案】D。句意：请问，可以麻烦你换点零钱吗？_.便士可不可以？A项“我知道”，B项“不要紧，没关系”；C项“我保证”；D项“我看一下”。由后置语境Will pennies do？可知D正确。1（2017天津）Alberts birthday is on next Saturday, and Im planning a surprise party for him._. Ill bring some wine.A. Sounds like fun B. It dependsC. Just a minute D. You are welcome【答案】A【解析】句意：艾伯特的生日在下个星期天，我计划给他办一个惊喜的晚会。听起来很有趣，我将带些酒来。A.听起来很有趣；B.看情况；C.请稍等；D.欢迎。根据语境，故选A。考点：考查交际用语。2（2017天津）Michael was late for Mr. Smiths chemistry class this morning. _? As far as I know, he never came late to class.A. So what B. Why not C. Who cares D. How come【答案】D考点：考查交际用语。1.【2016江苏】32.Only those who have alot in common can getalong well. Opposites sometimes do attract.A. I hope notB.I think soC.I appreciatethatD.I beg to differ【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。I hope not我可不希望这样；I think so我认为如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意。由答语后句Opposites sometimes do attract.（意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。）可知两个人的意见并不一致。故D项符合语境。【考点】考查交际用语2.【2016天津】1. -It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome? -_. There were good things and bad things about them. A. Its hard to say B. I didnt get it C. You must be kidding D. Couldnt be better【答案】A【解析】句意：这是一次很棒的旅行。那么，你更喜欢哪个城市，巴黎还是罗马？很难说。它们都既有好的也有坏的事情。A.很难说；B.我不明白；C.你一定是在开玩笑吧；D.再好不过了。根据语境，故选A。【考点】考查交际用语。3.【2016天津】6. -Im thinking of going back to school to get another degree. -Sounds great!_. A. It all depends B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder【答案】B【解析】句意：我在想回去上学再拿一个学位。听起来很棒！努力争取吧。A.那就看情况而定了；B.去争取吧；C.没关系；D.难怪。故选B。【考点】考查交际用语。4.【2016浙江】1. -Are you sure youre ready for the best? -_. Im well prepared for it.A. Im afraid not B. No problem C. Hard to say D. Not really【答案】B【考点】考查交际用语。5.【2016浙江】20.The movie starts at 8:30,and we can have a quick bite before we go -.See you at 8:10A. So long B. Sounds great C. Good luck D.Have a good time 【答案】B【解析】句意：电影在八点半开始，我们走之前可以迅速吃点东西。听起来很棒。八点十分见。A.再见；B.听起来很棒；C.祝你好运；D.玩得愉快。故选B。【考点】考查交际用语。1.【2015重庆】15. Hello Jenny, can I see Ms. Lewis? _. Ill tell youre here.A. With pleasure B. Never mind C. Youre welcome D. Just a minute【答案】D 【解析】句意：你好，简妮，我能找一下路易斯女士吗？请稍等，我给你叫她。根据语境可知这是在打电话，故选D项。 【考点定位】情景交际。2.【2015重庆】5. I can drive you home._ , but are you sure its not too much trouble?A. That would be great B. Dont bother C. Im afraid not D. Take care【答案】A 【解析】句意：我载你回家。太好了，但你确定没给添麻烦吗？根据are you sure its not too much trouble?可知表示同意，故选A项。 【考点定位】考查情景交际。3. 【2015安徽】35. How is your table tennis these days? Still playing? _. I just dont seem to find the time these days.A. Thats rightB. No, not much C Thats great D. Dont worry【答案】B【考点定位】考查交际用语4.【2015浙江】1. Hi, John. Are you busy? A. Yes.I do agree.B. Yes.That would be nice.C. No.Are you sure?D. No.Whats up?【答案】D 【解析】句意：有人问John 是否有空？John的回答是没有，怎么了？此题首先要正确理解四个选项的意思，然后分析这种表达使用的场合。交际用语的考查要注意上下文的连贯，才可以正确选择到答案。A. Yes. I do agree.的意思是：是的，我同意。这种表达用于回答是否赞同的情况。 B. Yes. That would be nice.的意思是：是的，这会很好。这种表达用于表达观点看法。C. No. Are you sure? 的意思是：不，你确定吗？这种表达不确定时的再次询问。D. No. Whats up? 意思是不，怎么了？4个选项分别有两个是表肯定的回答，两个是表否定的回答。而在Yes或No之后，其中有两句是陈述语气，表肯定，还有两个是疑问句式，用于展开下一句话。【考点定位】考查交际用语5.【2015天津】1. Sorry, Liz. I think I was a bit rude to you. _, but dont do that again! A. Go ahead B. Forget it C. It dependsD. With pleasure【答案】B【解析】句意:对不起，Liz。我想刚才我对你有点粗鲁。算了吧，不过不要再那样做了。A. Go ahead 好吧，行啊；B. Forget it算了吧，不必在意； C. It depends 那还得看情况了；D. With pleasure乐意效劳。根据句意可知选B。【考点定位】考查交际用语。6.【2015天津】4. Jack, you seem excited._? I won the first prize in the English speech contest.A. Guess whatB. So whatC. Pardon me D. Who cares【答案】A【考点定位】考查交际用语7.【2015四川】1.Sorry, I forgot to lock the door. _ Mike can do it later.A. No way B. Take your time C. Nothing serious D. Youre welcome【答案】C【解析】考查情景交际。选项A 意为没门；选项B意为慢慢来；选项C意为没什么大不了的；选项D意为不客气。此题上文意为：对不起，我忘了锁门；下文意为Mike稍后会做的，根据语境选择C最为恰当。【考点定位】考查情景交际8.【2015陕西】11. -Lets go to the New Years Eve party, shall we?- I guess it will be fun.A. Forget it! B. No way! C. Why not? D. What for?【答案】C【解析】句意：-让我们去新年夜晚会，好吗？-好啊!我想那一定很有趣.Forget it！“得了，忘了吧！”；No way！“没门”；Why not！“好啊！”；What for？“为什么？”，所以选C。【考点定位】考查交际英语9.【2015陕西】16. Sir, could I hand in my homework a bit late?- _, since youve been unwell these days.A. You cant be serious B. Im afraid not C. Good idea D. Well, all right【答案】D【考点定位】考查交际英语10. 【2015安徽】21. Can you come to a party on Saturday, Peter? Oh, _Im already going out, Im afraid.A. what a pity!B. dont ask!C. how come?D. so what?【答案】