中考英语初三非谓语动词.doc

第八讲 非谓语动词专项训练姓名： 学校： 年级： 【学习目标】：掌握非谓语动词各种用法及它们的功能差异 在情景交际及实际语境中正确，灵活运用【知识要点】：一：动词不定式的用法1用作主语不定式可直接作主语，但常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语置于句末，特别是不定式较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如: To learn English well is difficult.= It is difficult to learn English well .2 用作表语常用在be动词及seem等词之后，构成系表结构。如: her hobby is collecting stamps. She seems to be angry.3 用作宾语能跟动词不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：want, like, wish, hate, hope, prefer, try, ask, start, begin, decide, learn, choose, agree, expect, remember等。如：he wanted to borrow my CD player.动词不定式作宾语其后又有补语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语即不定式放后面。如: feel, find, make,+ it +形容词，名词+to do I find it difficult to remember everything.4 作宾语补足语(1)能跟动词不定式作为宾语补足语的动词有很多: want, ask, tell, teach, order, get, wish, allow, invite, encourage, beg等。常用句型：vt + sb + (not) to do sth如：Who taught you to play the piano?(2)常用省去to的动词不定式有：一感(feel), 二听（hear，listen to）, 三让（make, let,have）,四看（look at, see, watch, notice）如：I felt someone enter the room.而help 后的to 可省可不省注意：感官动词，使役动词后不定式省to,但变为被动语态时，必须加上to.如：He was heard to laught in the next room.(3)可接动词不定式和动名词作宾语，意思差别不大的动词有begin, start, like, love, hate, continue等。如：Im beginning to understand my Chinese roots, and who I am.(4)后接动词不定式和动名词作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget,remember,stop,try,go on等。接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；接动名词作宾语，表动作已经发生。Stop to do停下来做另外一件事，stop doing停止做，不做当前这件事Try to do 尽力做，try dong试着做Go on to do 接着做另外的事情，go on doing 继续做原来的事情Forget to do忘记去做某事 forget doing 忘记做过某事5 用作定语用作定语的动词不定式一般都位于被修饰的词之后。如：I have so much work to do today.6 用作状语如：He is old enough to go to school.7 动词不定式的复合结构动词不定式的复合结构是it be +形容词+for/of sb to do sth”.不定式复合结构的介词用of 还是for,主要取决于前面形容词的性质。一般来说，of前面的形容词是careful,clever,foolish,kind,等既说明人的特性又说明不定式动作的特性。For前面的额形容词是dangerous,important等一般只说明不定式动作的特性，不说明人的特性。如：it is very kind of you to help me.It is easy for me to pass the exam.8 带疑问句的不定式短语不定式前面可以带疑问词what,which,who,how,when,where等。在句子中用作宾语，主语，表语等。如：I dont know what to try next.(作宾语)Where to go is not decided yet.(作主语)9 动词不定式的否定式不定式的否定式是not / never to do, 不带to 的不定式的否定式是not/never do如：sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other.His parents tell him never to drive after drinking.二：动名词的用法1 作主语如;seeing is believing2 作表语如：his favourite sport is playing basketball.3 作定语如：a swimming pool4 作宾语后只接动名词作宾语的一些常用特殊动词：Finish ,give up,cannot help，keep(on),mind,miss,practice,put off,feel like,suggest,allow,be used to,look forward to, think of, dream of, hear of, prevent from, keep from, stop from, be interested in, be proud of, succeed in, have difficulty/trouble in等。如: Would you mind opening the window?【经典例题】1. Its our duty _ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans (甘肃省)2. Its hard for us _ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning (江西省)3 Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to(安徽省) 4. He found it very difficult _.A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep (湖南省)5. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)6. My mother was very glad _ her old friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets (甘肃省) 7. I have a lot of homework _.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省)8. He is not an easy man _.A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山东省) 9. Your father is sleeping. Youd better _.A. not wake up him B. not to wake up himC. not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陕西省)10. I was made _ my homework in the afternoon.A. do B. doing C. to do D. did (贵州省)11.The new hospital _ is near the factory.A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built (青海省) 12 There is going to _ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try _ late.A. have， not to be B. have， not beC. be， not to be D. be， not be (内蒙古自治区)Keys： 1. A 2. C 3. B 4.D 5.C6. A 7. D 8. D9. C 10. C 11.D 12. C【经典练习】一: 根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. I often hear people _(say) “_(see) is_(believe)”.2.Dont keep me _(wait) for a long time.3. Can you finish _(read) the book in three days?4. _(be) ill, he couldnt go to school.5. We couldnt help _(laugh) after we heard the funny story. 6. What about _(go) out for a walk?7.It is better _ (put) your money in a bank. 8.It is difficult for the boy _ (swim) across the river. 9.I let him _ (go) early as he wanted _ (meet) his uncle at the station.10.Will you help me _ (move) the bed?11.If he doesnt know, how _ (use) the recorder, youd better _ (show) him. 12.He is the last one _ (leave) the office every day.13.Its bad manners _ (shout) in public. 14.The boy is old enough _ (dress) himself.15.She is too ill _ (go) to school. 16. Knives are used for _(cut) things. 17.Stop _(talk) and listen to me carefully. 18. Thank you very much for _(help) us.二: 选择1 do yo want for a party ?Lets ask peter for advice. He knows all the parks in this city.A what ; to buy B where ; to go C How; to start 2 Dont forget my parents when you are in Beijing.Ok, I wont.A to see B sees C seeing 3 Do you enjoy TV ?A watch B to enjoy C watching4 My roommate often asks me her to play chess. A teach B teaching C to teach5 The girl was often heard happily in her room. A sing B to see C singing D sings6 -Why did the policeman stop us ? -He told us not so fast in this street.A、 drive B 、driving C、 to drive D、 drovne7.Why not your teacher for help when you cant finish it by yourself?A、ask;write B、to ask;writing C、ask;writing D、asking;write8. -It is a long time since I saw my brother. -Why him this weekend? A、not to visit B、dont visit C、not to visit D、not visiting9.You are never too old learn things. A、of B、to C、in10. -Shall we stay at home watching TV tonight? -No,Id like and see the “Nest” stadium A、to go B、go C、Went11. -My spoken English is poor.What shall I do? -Thats easy. Practise it as much as possible. A、Speak B、spoke C、spokeing12. generous the little girl to share her toys with the other kids. A、Its;of B、Thats;of C、Its;for D、Thats; for13.The boys dream was to . A、grow up B、go to school C、be rich famous14.The house is too small for his family . A、to live in B、living in C、live in D、lives in 15. -I feel tired and sleepy. -Why not stop ? A、resting B、breaking C、to relex D、to work16.Mrs.Li devoted most of her time her students. A、teach B、teaching C、to teach D、to teaching17.Are you worried when your son often plays computer games?Yes. I think playing computer games_on teenagers.(2008江苏）A. Have a good effect B. Has a good effectC.has a bad effect D.have a bad effect18. she was surprised_me last night.A. to see B. See C.not being D.being not19. The boy promised_late for school again.A. to not be B. Not to be C. Not being D.being not20. would you_turnning down the music a litthe bit?It is too noisy.-Of course not. I will do it right away.A. Advise B. Succeed C. Like D. Mind 21. My parents always tell me_others late at night.-Theyre right. Its not polite.A. Call B. Not call C .to call D. Not to call22. Would you mind _your bike?-no ,not at all. I will put it under the tree right away.A. Move B. To move C. Moves D. Moving 23. What about _hiking this Sunday?Great. Id like_with you.A. To go; going B. Going ; going C. Going; to go24. You arent a stranger ,are you?_,dont you remember_ me at the school gate ten minutes ago?A Yes;to see B No;seeing C No；saw D Yes; seeing 25 Drives are warned _ when they are tired.A to drive B not drive C not to drive 三. 根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。1. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.He hopes _ _ the Great Wall.2. We dont know what we shall do next.We dont know what _ _ next.3. He stopped and had a look at me.He stopped _ _ a look at me.4. The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.The box is too heavy _ me _ _.5.“Dont make any noise, ”she said to meShe told me _ _ _ any noise. 6. He was so angry that he couldnt say anything.He was too angry _ _ anything.7. I dont know when we will have the meeting.I dont know when _ _ the meeting.8. That you read English in the morning is very important.It is very important _ you _ _ English in the morning.9. They got up early so that they could get there in time.They got up early _ _ _ _ there in time.10.His brother decided that he would buy the book.His brother decided _ _ the book.【课后练习】1. You should try hard_your work in two days. A.to finish B.finishing C .finish D.to have finished2. The proposal is practical. Some of us think it worth_. A.to try B.to be tried C.trying D.being tried3. - Mother is good at _ cakes. - So she is. A. to make B. making C. make D. makes4. She often comes to help us without _. A.be asked B.being asked C.having asked D.to be asked5. You should try hard_your work in two days. A.to finish B.finishing C .finish D.to have finished 6. -Lets go fishing.-Not now. I dont want to stop_my article.A.to writing B.for writing C.to write D.writing7. He asked_to the place where he was needed .A.to send B.to be sent C.being send D.be sent 8.She usually forgets _ the door, but she remembered _ it yesterday. A to shutto shut B. shuttingshutting C. to shutshutting . shuttingto shut 9.I _ a bus to school when it was raining A am used to take B. used to taking C. use to take D was used to taking 10.It was great fun _ a picnic on the hill. A. to have B. of having C. have D. had 11. It is a p