论说文-利弊选择型-讲义.doc

CET辅导讲义-Ralph Hao论说文写作指导II. 利弊选择型一、 模版：【注意】学会活用模版，切忌死套模版！ As we all know / For many years / At present / In recent years / Recently / Nowadays, （背景与现象阐述）There are both advantages and disadvantages on / about this matter / point. (Different people have / hold different views / opinions on / about this matter / point; Peoples opinions are divided on / about this matter / point.) The main benefits are as follows. (Those who are in favor of it hold / claim / think / maintain / deem / believe / argue / uphold that it has a lot of advantages.) For one thing / On one hand / To begin(start) with / First(ly)(First and foremost/First of all), For another / On the other hand / Whats more / Second(ly), In addition / Finally / Last but not(by no means) the least / Third(ly), However, / While the negative effects(aspects) / problems are also obvious. (Those who are opposed to it hold / claim / think / maintain / deem / believe / argue / uphold that disadvantages are many / varied / obvious.) For one thing / On one hand / To begin(start) with / First(ly)(First and foremost/First of all), For another / On the other hand / Whats more / Second(ly), In addition / Finally / Last but not(by no means) the least / Third(ly), 注意：两处选用的层次标志结构须避免重复 (有时也可以将“利”放于第一段末，而将“弊”单独作为第二段；另外，也可将“利”、“弊”各做一段论述。) (From what has been discussed above / In view of both of the two sides / Taking all these factors into consideration / Consequently / In a word / In brief(short) / After careful observation / On the whole / All in all /, we may safely / naturally / clearly come to / arrive at the conclusion that)(此结构可换用一个简单的短语：In conclusion,) the pros / cons (advantages / disadvantages) outweigh the cons / pros (disadvantages / advantages). （总结与建议） As far as I am concerned / Personally (speaking) / As to(for) me / In my mind, I agree with / approve of / am supportive of / am in favor of this matter / point. Only if / when we can we (Otherwise, ) (, just as the saying goes, )此结构与前一结构一般各选其一二、 范文：2008年6月：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Recreational Activities. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可以使人们受益，也可能带来危害3.作为大学生，我认为Title: Recreational ActivitiesSample 1:Recreational Activities21st century has brought with it an unprecedented variety of recreational activities ranging from traditional outdoor activities such as playing ball games to all kinds of online ones, the latter of which is a great appeal to the younger generations. So Id like to narrow my topic down to online recreational activities.It goes without saying that various activities brought by modern technology have greatly broadened our horizon and brought much excitement to us. With access to the Internet, you can get to know people from any country in the world and you can talk with them, play games with them - a temptation very hard to resist, and even see them via web camera. The disadvantage, however, is that anyone who lacks self-control would very easily get lost and become addicted to the online world, which in turn might seriously affect their life, work and interpersonal relationships. As a college student, I think what really matters is to make better choice and exert more discipline. Wed better take advantage of good online recreational activities to enrich our lives and broaden the scope of knowledge. When it comes to those addictive, time-consuming and less meaningful activities, I think, to stay away from them is a wise decision.Sample 2:Recreational ActivitiesRecently, various recreational activities, such as dancing, running, internet games, have caused peoples attention. However, the effects about them are divided on this point.Some people claim that the recreational activities are unquestionably beneficial to our daily life. In their eyes, recreational activities can help us to be healthier as well as to make more friends. On the contrary, some others consider the recreational activities can also do much harm. Some students are indulged in Internet games, which can hinder their normal studies.As for us, the college students, we should do sports regularly to make us stronger and healthier. At the meanwhile, it is also a “must” for us to fight against such recreational activities as the Internet games. Only with the efforts from all the college students, can the recreational activities bring us positive effects to our future development.Sample 3:Recreational ActivitiesWith the development of living standard, people spend more time on various forms of recreational activities. People can do sports, sing karaoke, go dancing, go to the movies, play video/online games, or surf the Internet. Recreational activities are good to peoples health, both physically and mentally. Sports and dancing can keep people fit. Singing karaoke, playing video/online games can satisfy peoples imagination. Surfing the Internet can bring people a lot of information and knowledge.However, recreational activities might be harmful if people are addicted. Spending too much time on recreational activities will seriously influence peoples normal lives, especially work and study. As college students, I think, we should try to benefit from recreational activities by taking part in them properly.Sample 4:Recreational ActivitiesIn peoples daily life, there are various recreational activities apart from studying or working ranging from Karaoke or dancing to computer games or sports games.Such activities are beneficial to us generally, while harmful to us if undertaken inappropriately. On one hand, recreational activities can help us to not only build our body and mind but also improve our communication and understanding with friends because most of these activities are done with others. On the other hand, if we spend too much time on singing, dancing or other games, we might fail to concentrate on our duties such as studying or working, which in turn may lead to further consequences.As far as Im concerned, recreational activities should be done within a certain limit so that we can keep a proper balance between recreation and studying or working life.Sample 5:Recreational ActivitiesIn the era of information and technology, there are all kinds of recreational activities. Some people think those recreational activities are great and necessary, because they can help people relax from the hard work and study. Some of the activities, such as hiking, jogging, can help people relax physically; while some of them, such as surfing the Internet, can help people relax mentally. However, some people think that so many kinds of recreational activities may have a bad effect on our lives. Some people may not resist some temptations from those activities, and indulge themselves in those activities. At last they are lured away from their study or their work.In my opinion, we should pay more attention to the advantages of various recreational activities and make the most of them. Meanwhile, we should learn how to use those activities positively, and make them a helpful tool for our development. 三、 题目：1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled Should Firecrackers Be Banned? You should write at least 120 words and base your writing on the outline given in Chinese as follows:(1) 有人认为放鞭炮是好事，因为(2) 有人认为放鞭炮是坏事，因为(3) 我的看法Suggested key words: firecrackers(鞭炮), set/let off(燃放鞭炮)Title: Should Firecrackers Be Banned?2. Directions: For this part, y