九年级英语重要词汇和句型用法.doc

九年级英语重要词汇和句型用法1.提建议的句子：What/ how about +doingsth.?如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you +dosth.?如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not +dosth. ?如：Why not go shopping? Lets +dosth.如：Lets go shopping Shall we/ I +dosth.?如：Shall we/ I go shopping?2.first of all首先.to begin with一开始later on后来、随3.also也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间either也（用于否定句）常在句末too也(用于肯定句)常在句末4.see sb. / sth. doing看见某人正在做某事强调正在发生see sb. / sth. do看见某人做了或经常做某事如：如：She saw himdrawinga picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。5.too many许多修饰可数名词如：too manygirlstoo much许多修饰不可数名词如：too muchmilkmuch too太修饰形容词如：much toobeautiful6.used to do sth.过去常常做某事否定形式：didnt use to do sth.used not to do sth.如：Heused toplay football after school.放学后他过去常常踢足球。Didheuse to playfootball? Yes, Idid. No, Ididnt.Hedidnt use to smoke.他过去不吸烟。7.反意疑问句肯定陈述句否定提问如：Lilyisa student,isnt she?Lilywillgo toChina,wont she?否定陈述句肯定提问如：Shedoesnt comefromChina,does she?Youhavent finishedhomework,have you?提问部分用代词而不用名词Lilyis a student, isntshe?陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。如：HeknowslittleEnglish,does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？Theyhardlyunderstoodit,did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？8.be interested in sth.对感兴趣take an interest inbe interested in doing sth.对做感兴趣如：Heis interested in math, but heisnt interested in speakingEnglish.他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。9.interestedadj.感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人interestingadj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物10.in the last few years.在过去的几年内常与完成时连用如：Ihave livedinChinain the last few years.在过去的几年内我在中国住。11. how to swim怎样游泳不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定工短语。如：The question iswhen to start.问题是什么时候开始。I dont knowwhere to go.我不知道去哪。I dont know what to do next.我不知道下一步做什么。12.make sb./ sth. +形容词make youhappymake sb./ sth. +动词原形make himlaugh13.it seems that +从句It seems + adjIt seem + to be看起来好像如：It seems that he has changed a lot.看起来他好像变了许多。14.看起来好像sb. seem to do sth.He seems to feelvery sad.it seems that +从句It seems thathe feels very sad.他看起来好像很伤心。系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be和become等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。如：Theyare very happy.He becamea doctortwo years ago.Shefelt very tired.15.help sb. with sth.帮某人某事help sb. (to ) do sth.帮某人做某事help sb out帮某人摆脱困难help do sth帮助做某事help with sth.如：Theyhelp with this problem.She helped mewith English.她帮助我学英语。She helped me(to) study English。她帮助我学习英语。Theyhelp you relax.他们帮助你放松16.fifteen-year-old作形容词15岁的fifteen-year-olds作名词指15岁的人fifteen years old指年龄15岁如：afifteen-year-old boy一个15岁的男孩Fifteen-year-oldslike to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。I amfifteen years old.我是15岁。17不再no more = no longer如：I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。not any more = not any longer如：18.语态：英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者Catseatfish.（主动语态）猫吃鱼。Fishis eatenby cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。被动语态的构成由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在时amare +过去分词isEnglishis spokenin many countries.一般过去时was +过去分词were +过去分词This bridgewas builtin 1989.情态动词can/shouldmay+be+过去分词must/The workmust be doneright now.被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。19.allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：Motherallows me to watchTV every night.妈妈允许我每晚看电视。be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事（被动语态）如：LiLyis allowed to goto Qinzhou.莉莉被允许去钦州。Sb. allow doing sth.某人允许做某事20. get their ears pierced穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事get sth. done(过去分词)have sth. done如：Igetmy carrepaired. = Ihavemy carrepaired.我让别人修好我的车21. enough足够形容词enough如：beautiful enough足够漂亮enough名词如：enough food足够食物enoughto足够去做如：I haveenough money togo toBeijing.我有足够的钱去北京。She isold enough togo to school.她够大去读书了。22.倒装句:So助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词是呀,表示赞同别人的观点（陈述语序）Neither + be /助动词/情态动词+主语也不一样（用于否定句）eg. He has been toBeijing. So have I.Its a fine day. So it is.She doesnt like eggs. Neither do I.Sheisa student. Soam I.她是一个学生，我也是。Shewentto school just now. SodidI .她刚才去学校了，我也是Shehasfinished the work. SohaveI .她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。Shewillgo to school. Sowillhe.她将去学校，他也是。23.take the test参加考试pass the test通过考试fail a test考试失败24.have an opportunity to do sth.有机会做某事have a chance of doing sth.有机会做某事如：I have an opportunityto goto Beijing.I have a chanceof goingtoBeijing.25.at least最少at most最多26.花费take ,cost, spend , paysth.take (sb.) time to dosth.Ittook (me) 10days to readthe book.sth.cost (sb.) The bookcost (me) 100yuan.sb.spend on sth.Shespent10dayson this book.sb.spend doing sth.Shespent10daysreadingthis book.sb.pay for sth.Shepaid10yuanforthis book.27.have +时间段+off放假，休息如：have 2 days off28. reply to答复某人如：She replayed to MrGreen.29.agree with sth.同意某事如：I agreewith that idea.agree to sb.同意某人的意见如：I agreeto LiLei.30.get in the way of碍事，妨碍如：Her social life got in the way of her studies.她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。31.successn.succeedv.successfuladj.successfullyadv.32.if引导的非真实性条件状语从句-即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。If引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句型条件从句主句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用were)would+动词原形即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be动词用were),一般过去时(主句)主语+would+动词原形过去将来时如：If Ihadtime, Iwould gofor a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间)If Iwereyou, Iwould takean umbrella.假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)Iwould sayno if someoneaskedme to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)33.a few与a little的区别，few与little的区别a few一些修饰可数名词a little一些修饰不可数名词两者表肯定意义如：He hasa few friends.他有一些朋友。There isa little sugarin the bottle.在瓶子里有一些糖。few少数的修饰可数名词little少数的修饰不可数名词但两者表否定意义如：He hasfew friends.他没有几个朋友。There islittle sugarin the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。34.hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several一词时要不能加s，反之，则要加s并与of连用，表示数量很多如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people几百/千/百万/十亿人hundreds of trees上百棵树35.what if +从句如果怎么办，要是又怎么样如：What if she doesnt come?要是她不来怎么办？What if LiLei knows?如果李雷知道了怎么办？36.ask sb.to do叫做某事ask sb.not to dosth.叫不要做某事tell sb.to do告诉做某事tell sb.not to dosth.告诉不要做某事如：Teacher asked meto cleanthe classroom.Teacher asked menot to cleanthe classroom.37.宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。由连接词+主语+谓语构成常由下面的一些词引导：由that引导表示陈述意义that可省略He says (that) he is at home.他说他在家里。由if , whether引导表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)I dont knowif / whetherWei Hua likes fish.我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词)引导表示特殊疑问意义Do you knowwhathe wants to buy?你知道他想要买什么吗？从句时态要与主句一致当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态Hesays(that ) heisat home.他说他在家里。Idont know(that) sheis singingnow.我不知道她正在唱歌。Shewantsto know if Ihave finishedmy homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Doyou know when hewillbe back?你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)Hesaid(that) hewasat home.他说他在家里。Ididnt knowthat shewas singingnow.我不知道她正在唱歌。Shewanted toknow if Ihad finishedm homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Didyou know when hewould beback?你知道他将会什么时候回来？38.现在完成时态由have/ has过去分词表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果常与already, just , yet , ever, never连用Have you finished your workyet？你完成了你的工作了吗？Yes, I have. I havejustfinished it.是的。我刚刚完成了。I havealreadyfinished it .我已经完成了。Have youeverbeen to China?你曾经去过中国吗？No, I haveneverbeen there.没有，我从来也没有去过。表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状态连用如：（for +时间段，since +时间点，或过去某一动作，以及how long）注：非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和for, since引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词如：buy- havedie- be deadjoin - be inborrow- keepleave- be awayIhave boughta pen.- Ihave hada penfor 2 weeks.The doghas died.- The doghas been deadsince last week.have (has) been to +地点去过某地已经回来have (has) gone to +地点去了某地没有回来have been in +地点一直呆在某地没有离开过如：Shehas been toShanghai.她去过上海。(已经回来)Shehas gone toShanghai.她去了上海。(没有回来)Shehas been inShanghai for 2 days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海)39.情态动词must, may , might, could, may , cant表示推测含义与用法后面都接动词原形，都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断但他们含义有所不同must一定肯定(100%的可能性)may, might, could有可能，也许(20%80%的可能性)cant不可能，不会(可能性几乎为零)The dictionarymust bemine. It has my name on it.The CDmight/could/may belongto Tony becausehe likes listening to pop music.The hair bandcant beBobs. After all, he is boy!40. When（当的时候）, if（如果）, as soon as（一就）, until（直到才）, unless（除非/如果不）这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,主句要用一般将来时.从句一般现在时eg.I will call you when he comes.If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.As soon as I get toBeijing, Ill come to see you.He wont go to bed until his parents come back.Unless you work hard, you wont catch upIf youdont hurry up, youll belate.如果你不快点，你将会迟到41.because of , becausebecause of +名词/代词/名词性短语because +从句如：I do itbecause I like it.我做这件事是因为我喜欢。I had to movebecause of my job.因为工作的原因我得搬家。42.neighbor邻居指人neighborhood邻居指地区也可指附近地区的人43.look for寻找指过程find找指结果如：I amlooking fora pen.我正在找一支笔。（指找的过程）Ifoundmy pen just now.我刚刚找到了我的笔。（指找的结果）44.hear听指听的结果listen听指听的过程如：Did youhear?你听到了吗？（指听的结果，听或没听到）I oftenlisten tothe music.我经常听音乐。（指听的过程）45.名词所有格名词所有格的构成有两种形式是在名词后面加s或是以s结尾的名词，只在名词的后面加如：Annsbook安的书, our teachersoffice我们老师们的办公室注：双方共有的所有格，只在后面一个名词加s,如：Lily and Lucysfather莉莉和露西的爸爸（她们的爸爸是同一个人）有of 介词短语表示无生命东西的所有格如：a picture of my family我家人的相片有时也有s表示无生命的东西的所有格如：todaysnewspaper,the citysname46. prefer动词更喜欢宁愿prefersth.更喜欢某事I preferEnglish.我更喜欢英语。preferdoing/ to do宁愿做某事I prefersitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。prefersthtosth.同相比更喜欢 I preferdogstocats.与猫相比我更喜欢狗。preferdoingtodoing宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I preferwalkingtositting.我宁愿走路也不愿坐着。47.be important to sb.对重要be important for sb. to do.做某事对某人很重要48.energy n.活力energetic adj.有活力的49.dislike不喜欢反义词like喜欢50.fisherman渔夫复数形式fishermen51.photography n.摄影photograph n.照片相片photographer n.摄影师52.tired累的tiring令人疲惫的bored讨厌boring令人厌烦/讨厌的excited兴奋的exciting令人兴奋/激动的amazed惊讶的amazing令人惊讶的53.education n.教育educational有教育意义的54.常用的句型有：Whatwould you liketo do?你想要做什么？I would liketo。我想去。Whatwould youlike?你想要什么？I wouldlike。.我想来些。Wouldyoulike to goto my party?你来不来参加我的晚会？(表邀请)Yes, Id love/ like to. No, thanks.Wouldyoulike someAor B?你是要点.还是.？Yes, Idlove/ like. No. thanks.Wherewould you like to visit/ go?你想去哪呢？55.go on vacation去度假go on a trip去旅行go on a picnic去野炊56.hopeto do希望做某事I hopeto goto Beijing.我希望去北京。hope (that) +从句希望.I hopethatI can go to Beijing.我希望我能去北京。I hope(that)she can pass the test.我希望她能通过考试。57.providesb. with sth供应某人某物= providesth for sb.如：They provideuswithwater.They providewaterforus.58.how far问路程多远how old问年龄多少岁how long问时间多久多长how often问频率多久一次59.用to表示“的”有：answerstoquestion问题的答案the keytothe door这扇门的钥匙60.homeless adj.无家可归的a homeless boy一个无家可归的男孩homen.家61.hand out分发hand out bananasgive out分发give out sth to sb.分.给某人give updoing放弃give upsmoking放弃吸烟give away赠送捐赠give away sth. to . give away money to kidsgive sb. sth.给某人某东西give me money给我钱give sth. to sb.给某人某东西give money to me给我线62.sickadj.生病的作表语、定语illadj.生病的作表语，不能作定语63.volunteer to dov.志愿效劳、主动贡献Volunteer time to do sthvolunteern.志愿者64.come up with提出想出= think up想出catch up with赶上追上65.putoffdoing推迟做某事put on穿上(指过程)put up张贴66.each每个各自的强调第一个人或事物的个别情况常与of连用every每个每一个的一切的则有“全体”的意思不能与of连用67. put to use把投入使用，利用They put the new machine to use.他们把新机器投入使用68.plan to do计划做某事=decide to do sthplan +从句I plan to go toBeijing. = I plan (that) I will go toBeijing.我计划去北京。69.spend doing花费做I spent a day visitingBeijing.我花了一天的时间去参观北京。spend on sth.花费在I spent 3 years on English.70.not only but (also) 不但而且用来连接两个并列的成分(1)引导以not only but (also)开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：Not onlycan Ido it but (also) I can do best.我不仅能做到而且做得最好。Not onlybut (also)接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化也就是就近原则如：Not only Lily but (also)you likecat.不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。Not only you but (also)Lily likescat.不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。71.常见的就近原则的结构有：Neither nor即不也不 (两者都不)Neither you norhe likeshim.我和你都不喜欢他。Either or不是就是 (两者中的一个)Either Lily oryou area student.Not only but (also)Therebe+名称72.join参加(指参加团体、组织)如：jointhe Party入党take part in参加(指参加活动)如：take part insports meeting参加运动会73.run out of = use up用完用尽Ihave run out ofmoney.= Ihave used upmoney.我已经用完了钱。run away逃跑The monkey hasrun away fromthe zoo.这只猴子已经从动物园里逃跑了。run to +地方跑到某地74.take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像be similar to与.相像take after相像75.look after照顾take care of照顾76.at once = right away立刻马上如：Do itat once.马上去做。Ill go thereat once/ right away.我马上去那里。77.one day有一天(指将来/过去)some day有一天(指将来)如：One dayIwenttoBeijing.有一天我去了北京。Some dayIll gotoBeijing.有一天我将去北京。78.specially adv.特意地专门地特别地special adj.特别的79.donation n.捐赠物donate v.捐赠赠送80.inventv.发明inventorn.发明家inventionn.发明可数名词81. quite非常adv.与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面如：quite abeautiful girl一个漂亮的女孩very非常adv.与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的前面如：a verybeautiful girl一个漂亮女孩注：当不与冠词a连用时，两者可以互用如：I amvery happy.= I amquite happy.我非常高兴。82.pleased adj.表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快pleasant adj.愉快高兴指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快please v.使高兴使同意83.过去完成时(1)构成：由助动词had +过去分词构成否定式：had not+过去分词缩写形式：hadnt(2)用法过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。(3)它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语来表示也可以用when, before, after等引导的时间状语从句来表示还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。WhenIgotthere, youhadalreadyeatenyou meal.当我到达那里时，你已经开始吃了。Bythe time hegothere, the bushad left.到他到达这里时，汽车已经离开了84.so that如此以致于引导结果状语从句，so后面接形容词、副词.so that作“为了”时，引导目的状语从句，从句常出现情态动词，作结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用情态动词。如：She got up earlyso thatshecouldcatch the bus.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句)She wasso sad thatshe couldnt say a word.她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。(结果状语从句)85. thrill v .使人非常激动，使人非常紧张thrilledadj.指某人感到激动或感到紧张thrillingadj.指某事物使人心情激动86.日常交际用语：问路常用的句子：Do you know where is ?Can you tell me how can I get to ?Could you tell me how to get to ？Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth.表示十分客气地询问事情Could you tell mehow to get to the park?87.请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗？中的how to get to the park是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，但不是宾语从句，相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）如：I dont knowhow to solve the problem.=I dont knowhow I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题Can you tell mewhen to leave?=Can you tell mewhen I ill leave?你能告诉我什么时候离开？88.decide to do决定做Shedecided to goto have lunch.她决定去吃午餐。decidev.decisionn.make a decision做个决定89.expensive贵的=dear反义词inexpensive不贵的90.crowded拥挤的反义词uncrowded不拥挤的91.take a vacation = go on a vacation去度假92.dress up打扮dress up as打扮成.如：He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas.他想要打扮成圣诞老人。93.同级比较：asas，not as/soasas +形容词/副词原级+ as表示“和一样的”“和一样的”如：He worksas hard aswe.他工作和我们同样努力。否定式：not as +形容词/副词原级+ as=not so +形容词/副词原级+ asHe doesntworkas / so hard aswe.他工作没有我们那样努力。94.get/be used to sth.习惯于get/be used to doing习惯于be used to do被用于做be used for doing被用于做used to do过去常常做be used as.作为。来用如：I wash clothes everyday. But Im used to it.我每天都洗衣服，但我习惯了I am used to washing clothes.我习惯于洗衣服了。The knives are used to cut things.小刀被用来切东西。The knives are used for cutting things.小刀被用来切东西。She used to watch TV after school.她过去放学后常常看电视。95.我发现要记住每一样事是困难的。I finditdifficultto remember everything.形式宾语真正宾语常见的形式宾语有：find / think + it/them +形容词to do sth.如：I think it hard to study English96.keepkeep on继续做某事carry ongo on doing sth.=continue doing sth97.tooto do sth.太而不能so +