高中英语ViolenceofNaturePeriod3Grammar语法专题课课后阅读作业.docx

Module 3 Violence of Nature Period 3 Grammar. 阅读理解It was once thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy automobile traffic. Today, we know that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is actually worldwide. On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the entire eastern half of the United States and led to health warnings even in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be affected by air pollution. Some scientists feel that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels(coal and oil)is creating a“greenhouse effect”holding in heat reflected from the earth and raising the worlds average temperature. If this view is correct and the worlds temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be under water. Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particulate(微粒、颗粒)matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earths temperaturea result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to new ice age and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas. At present we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen(though one recent government report prepared by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very likely). Perhaps, if we are very lucky, the two tendencies will offset each other and the worlds temperature will stay about the same as it is now. 【语篇概述】本文阐述了大气污染可能导致的两种结果。1. As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution. A. caused widespread damage in the countrysideB. affected the entire eastern half of the United StatesC. had damaging effects on healthD. existed merely in urban and industrial areas【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章开头可知。过去人们认为空气污染主要存在于大城市中。2. As far as the greenhouse effect is concerned, the author. A. shares the same view with the scientistsB. is uncertain of its occurrenceC. rejects it as being ungroundedD. thinks that it will destroy the world soon【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章第一段论述了温室效应可能会使全球气温上升, 第二段又谈到污染也可能会使大气温度下降, 根据“At present we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen. . . ”可知B项正确。3. It can be inferred from the passage that. A. lowering the worlds temperature merely a few degrees would lead many major farming areas to disasterB. raising the worlds temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earthC. almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decadeD. the worlds temperature will remain constant in the years to come【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段中的第二句可知A项正确。其他几项均不符合文中所列事实。4. This passage is mainly concerned with. A. the greenhouse effectB. the burning of fossil fuelsC. the potential effect of air pollutionD. the likelihood(可能性)of a new ice age【解析】选C。主旨大意题。文章阐述了大气污染可能导致的两种结果: 升温和降温。所以只有C项正确。. 语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Earthquakes are something that people fear. There 1. _ (be)some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, 2. _ , have them regularly. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite 3. _ (mountain). The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people 4. _ (die)in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the 5. _ (one)that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded 6. _ (feel)in Portugal. Around 2, 000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, the Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died, most of 7. died in fires which followed the earthquake. One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever 8. _ (record)was also in China, 9. _ which 400, 000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556. Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is 10. _ we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for it. 【语篇概述】文章向我们介绍了人们对地震的恐惧以及地球上发生的有记载的有影响的地震。1. 【解析】are。考查倒装结构。这是一个there be句型。句意: 有些地方几乎没有或不发生地震。主语是some places, 故谓语动词应用are。2. 【解析】however。考查副词。很显然, 该句所说的“世界上很多地方经常发生地震”和上一句“有些地方几乎没有或不发生地震”是转折关系, 故用however。3. 【解析】mountainous。考查词性转换。在系动词后作表语用形容词形式mountainous, 意为“多山的”。4. 【解析】died。考查时态。1906年发生的事情, 所以用过去时态。5. 【解析】ones。考查代词。根据句子的谓语动词are以及定语从句中的谓语动词形式kill可知用复数。6. 【解析】was felt。考查时态和语态。地震是被感觉到的, 并且这次地震发生在过去, 故用一般过去时的被动语态。7. 【解析】whom。考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。作of的宾语, 代替上文的先行词people, 故用whom。8. 【解析】recorded。考查非谓语动词。record和earthquake是动宾关系, 故用过去分词表被动。9. 【解析】in。考查介词。后面的which代替的是先行词“The worst earthqu