2017年高考英语大冲刺备考“最后30天”专题八名词性从句.docx

专题八 名词性从句例 题试题1 主语从句_ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires【解析】考查主语从句。意思是，你不能把你email账户的密码告诉别人，这是必须的规定。it is required是一个完整的句子。that所引导的主语从句正是it 所代表的内容，it是形式主语。例 题试题2 宾语从句【答案】COur bad living habits will destroy the earth. Only by changing _we live can we save the earth.A. that B. what C. how D. where【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我们坏的生活习惯会破坏地球环境。我们只有改变自己的生活方式才能拯救地球。表示怎样生活这一状态用how。 How引导的从句作changing的宾语。例 题试题3 表语从句【答案】CLoulan city is not at all _a traveler who has never seen the desert before can expect.A. what B. that C .which D. where【解析】考查表语从句。what引导的从句作is的表语，在从句中作expect宾语。试题4 同位语从句【答案】例 题A“Sustainable development” is a question _ we can continue developing the world without damaging the environment.A. why B. when C. that D. how【解析】考查同位语从句。that所引导的从句补充说明a question作它的同位语。【答案】D 基础回归在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、 主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 b) It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）2. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is 名词 从句It is a fact that 事实是It is an honor that 非常荣幸It is common knowledge that 是常识(2) It is 形容词 从句It is natural that 很自然It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It is 不及物动词 从句It seems that 似乎It happened that 碰巧It appears that 似乎(4) It 过去分词 从句It is reported that 据报道It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语宾语表语，而that 则不然。例如： a) What you said yesterday is right. b) That she is still alive is a consolation二、宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。1. 作动词的宾语(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：I heard that he joined the army. 我听说他参军了。(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：a) She did not know what had happened.她不知道发生了什么。b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。(3) 动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。2. 作介词的宾语，例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。4. it 可以作为形式宾语it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个月就会结婚了。三、表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that 和It is because 等结构。例如：1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This is why we cant get the support of the people.3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.四、同位语从句同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。1. 同位语从句的功能同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：1) The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.2. 同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如： 规范训练He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.选择题（30分/30min）1. Shed like to offer money to _ needs it to continue his or her study.A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever【解析】考查宾语从句。Whoever作介词to的宾语，同时作宾语从句的主语。【答案】C2. -If you are admitted to a key university, _ as a prize?-Im looking for a cell phone.A. What you expect your father will offer youB. Do you expect what your father will offer youC. What do you expect will your father offer youD. What do you expect your father will offer you【解析】考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句的语序。【答案】D3. Generally speaking, _ we have seen seems more believable than _ we have been told.A. what; that B. what; what C. that; what D. that; that【解析】考查主语从句。前一个空填what 引导主语从句，作主语从句的主语；后一个空也填what ，作从句的宾语。【答案】B4. After three days waiting, there was a little doubt in the mothers mind _ the police could find her lost child.A. how B. that C. where D. whether【解析】考查同位语从句。Whether所引导的从句补充说明doubt作它的同位语。【答案】D5. My parents used _they had to get a new car for my brother.A. which B. all what C. what D. 不填【解析】考查宾语从句。what作use的宾语，同时也作had的宾语。【答案】C6. Our school is no longer _ it was 10 years ago, _ it was not well equipped.A. what; which B. that; which C. what; when D. that; where【解析】考查表语从句及定语从句。前一个空是what引导的表语从句，后一个空是when引导的非限定性定语从句。【答案】C7. Thinking that you know _ in fact you dont is a serious mistakeA. what B. that C. when D. however【解析】考查宾语从句。What引导宾语从句，做you know的宾语，同时What引导宾语从句中做dont know的宾语，【Thinking that you know what in fact you dont （know）】is a serious mistake。动名词作主语。句意：认为你知道实际上你并不知道的东西是一个可怕的错误。【答案】A8. Energy is _ makes things work.A. what B. everything C. something D. anything【解析】考查表语从句。what引导表语从句作从句的主语。【答案】A9. One of the men held the view _the book said was right.A. that what B. what that C. that D. whether【解析】考查同位语从句及主语从句。one of the men【主语】 held 【谓语】the view【宾语】 that what the book said was right【同位语从句】在同位语从句中what the book said【主语从句】 was right【系表结构作谓语】在这个句子里，其实是同位语从句中套了一个主语从句。what是充当主语从句的引导词。主语从句一般是由that, whether, who, what, whatever等引导，所以这里不能用which，只能用what.【答案】A10. I think that this meal was well worth _ was charged for it.A. that B. what C. which D. how many【解析】考查宾语从句。这里what引导的一个宾语从句，一般我们可以理解成what作双重成分，这里就是作worth的宾语和was的主语。【答案】B11. Do you think the reason _ he gave is believable?A. for which B. which C. why D. what【解析】考查同位语从句。what he gave是个名词性的从句修饰the reason。【答案】D12. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded _ other more well-informed experimenters failed.A. which B. that C. what D. where【解析】考查状语从句。where引导地点状语从句。在某事上胜利/失败的结构是succeed/fail in sth/doing sth 句中没有介词in 所以只能填写副词where虽然他对领域内完成的大量工作了解甚少，但他却完成了连其他那些受过该方面更多教育的实验者都没完成的工作。【答案】D13. You can choose _ book you like among these.A. no matter what B. whatever C. whose D. whichever【解析】考查宾语从句。whichever引导的宾语从句作choose的宾语且whichever在从句中作book的定语。【答案】D14. Is this research center _ we visited the modern equipment last year?A. where B. that C. the one D. which【解析】考查表语从句。where引导的从句作is的表语，在从句中作地点状语。【答案】A15. I wish to have a friend with _ shares my hobbies and interests.A. whomever B. no matter who C. whoever D. anyone【解析】考查宾语从句。whoever引导的从句作with的宾语，whoever在从句中作主语。句意：我希望有一个能和我分享我的兴趣爱好的朋友.。【答案】C16. Why dont you bring _ to his attention that you are too busy to do it.A. this B. what C. that D. it【解析】考查宾语从句。it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为that you are too busy to do it. 为什么你不让他注意到你太忙了做不了那个呢？【答案】D17. The task required _ did it _ careful and brave enough.A. who; is B. whom; was C. whomever; were D. whoever; be【解析】考查宾语从句。whoever 引导宾语从句，whoever作从句的主语。required后面的宾语从句要用should+动词原形，should可以省略。【答案】D18. We wrote a letter of thanks to _ had helped us.A. who B. those C. whom D. whoever【解析】考查宾语从句。whoever 引导宾语从句，whoever作从句的主语。【答案】D19. -I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.-Oh, that was probably _ I was seeing the doctor.A. when B. why C. what D. that【解析】考查表语从句。when引导的从句作was的表语。【答案】A20. -I cant find Mr. Smith .Where did you last see him this morning?-It was in the hotel _ he stayed.A. that B. where C. which D. since【解析】考查定语从句。where引导定语从句。这是含省略的强调句式，补全是：It was in the hotel where he stayed.【答案】B21. After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of .A. that B. what C. which D. where【解析】考查宾语从句。what引导的从句作reached的宾语，what在从句中作主语。【答案】B22. Go and get your schoolbag. Its you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there【解析】考查表语从句。where引导的从句作is的表语。【答案】B23. _ makes the school famous is _ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.A. What; because B. That; because C. That; what D. What; that【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。what引导主语从句作从句的主语。that引导表语从句。【答案】D24. The question came up at the meeting _we had enough money for our research.A. that B. what C. which D. whether【解析】考查同位语从句。whether引导同位语从句，作The question的同位语。【答案】D25. _ a terrible storm would take place in Hainan.A. Word came which B. Word came thatC. Word that came D. Words came that【解析】考查同位语从句。Word came that是同位语从句，从句that a terrible storm would take place in Hainan.修饰Word，Word表示消息时为不可数名词。【答案】B26. _ David says sounds right to Helen. Thats why she has made up her mind not to leave him_ happens.A. whatever; whatever B. No matter what; whateverC. No matter what; no matter what D. Whatever; however【