2017_2018学年高中英语Unit5Thepowerofnature单元检测新人教版.docx

第五单元检测(时间:90分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AParicutin(帕里库廷火山) was born in Mexico in February,1943.At that time,Paricutin was 500 feet high,and it is now over 9,000 feet high.Today Paricutin is asleep.What is Paricutin?It is the first volcano in the world which is seen from its birth right up to the present day.On February 20,1943,a peasant and his wife set out to work in their corn fields from the Mexican village of Paricutin.They were surprised to find the earth warm under their feet.Suddenly they heard a noise deep in the earth and a small hole appeared in their field.In the afternoon there was a sudden loud noise and stones were thrown high in the air.The peasants ran away from the field and turned back to watch.They saw the birth of a volcano.Large quantities of stones and lava broke out and a little hill began to form.By evening this hill was 100 feet high and hot ashes were falling on the village.At night the strong light of the hot lava lit up the countryside.The trees near the village were killed and the villagers had to leave their houses.When the village was destroyed,its name was given to the volcano.The news quickly reached Mexico City,far to the east.Many people came to watch the scene.The volcano grew and grew for ten years and hundreds of square miles of forests were destroyed.Then Paricutin went to sleep.1What was destroyed in the growing up of the volcano?A.The little hill of stone.B.The villagers living close by.C.The forests and fields around Paricutin.D.The Mexican peasant and his wife.答案:C解析:细节理解题。从第三段中的“Thetreesnearthevillagewerekilledandthevillagershadtoleavetheirhouses.”看出,村子周围的树木和田野都被毁了。2In this passage the writer is trying to .A.tell us an interesting happeningB.explain a scientific theoryC.make us believe somethingD.make up an interesting lie答案:A解析:主旨大意题。这是一道概括题,作者要告诉我们一个有趣的故事,一座火山竟然从脚底下冒出来。3What can we learn about volcanoes from this passage?A.New volcanoes may appear in places where people do not expect them to be.B.Volcanoes are always growing.C.Volcanoes are active from time to time.D.New volcanoes are active for only ten years.答案:A解析:推理判断题。从第二段中的“Theyweresurprisedtofindtheearthwarmundertheirfeet.Suddenlytheyheardanoisedeepintheearthandasmallholeappearedintheirfield.”看出火山也许在人们没有预料到的地方冒出来。4What does the sentence “Then Paricutin went to sleep.” mean?A.Paricutin was tired.B.Paricutin hasnt slept for two days.C.Paricutin caused too much damage.D.The eruption of Paricutin stopped.答案:D解析:句意理解题。帕里库廷火山的“睡眠”意指其“停止喷发了”。BAn annoying problem for humans,who like to boast(夸耀) about all the distant planets and moons we have explored,is that weve never taken a good look right under our noses.The inside of the earth is relatively close,but how can we get there?The deepest oil well enters only six miles into the crust(地壳) (the center of the earth is about 4,000 miles deep).Russian scientists dug the deepest hole in Siberia,but bottomed out at about 7.5 miles below the surface.The Mohole project,a U.S.plan in the 1950s,called for drilling a hole 25 miles down to the boundary(分界线) between the hard rocks of the crust and the soft mantle(地幔).Sadly the project involved government supporting.It gets harder and harder to drill deep into the earth because rocks get softer and softer.Hard but easily broken at the surface,rocks become plastic(可塑的) at depth,and the pressure caused by the weight of the overlaying crustabout 52,800 pounds per square inch at a depth of ten miles,makes further drilling impossible. What little we know about the inside of the earth comes from indirect evidence,such as the analysis of earthquakes.So maybe its time for a thorough new method to explore the earths inside.Scientist David Stevenson says we should forget about drilling holes.Instead,we should open a crack(裂缝).Stevenson suggests digging a crack about a half mile long,a yard wide,and a half mile deep with an explosion on the scale of a nuclear bomb.Next,hed pour a few hundred thousand tons of molten(熔化的) iron into the crack,along with a robot.The iron,thicker than the surrounding crust,would move downward at about 16 feet per second,carrying the robot with it and opening the crack deeper and deeper.The iron mass would drop for about a week and 2,000 miles to the outer edge of the earth core,the robot sending out data to the surface.Stevenson compares his idea to space exploration.“Were going somewhere we havent been before,” he says.“In all possibility,there will be surprises.”This idea can probably be put in the drawer marked with“Isnt Going to Happen”.The robot would have to survive temperatures that would melt pretty much anything.But Stevensons idea may inspire a new look at an old problem.Great things can come from what seems like impossible ideas.5Going inside the earth is than going into space.A.more interestingB.more possibleC.easierD.more challenging答案:D解析:推理判断题。从第一段的叙述看出与探索太空相比较,地下相对闭塞,更具有挑战性。6How deep have we gone into the earth until now?A.6 miles.B.4,000 miles.C.7.5 miles.D.25 miles.答案:C解析:细节理解题。从第二段中的“RussianscientistsdugthedeepestholeinSiberia,butbottomedoutatabout7.5milesbelowthesurface.”看出,到目前为止,人类钻出最深的洞是7.5英里,B项是到地心的数据,D项是计划要挖的深度。7Which of the following is TRUE about David Stevensons idea?A.It is an inspiring but not practical idea now.B.It is a practical proposal that has come into use now.C.It is a good proposal that will soon be put into practice.D.It is a false theory that cannot be carried out at all.答案:A解析:推理判断题。从文章最后一段的叙述可以看出史蒂文森的观点给人启发,但是,当前实现不了。8What might be the most suitable title for the passage?A.An Annoying Problem for HumansB.To the Center of the EarthC.The Mohole ProjectD.David Stevensons Proposal答案:B解析:主旨大意题。全文主要讲的是怎样深入地球内部进行探索。A项太过模糊;C、D两项文中都提到了,但不足以概括全文。CEvery year thousands of tourists visit Pompeii,Italy.They see the sights that Pompeii is famous forits stadium(运动场) and theatres,its shops and restaurants.The tourists do not,however,see Pompeiis people.They do not see them because Pompeii has no people.No one has lived in Pompeii for almost 2,000 years.Once,Pompeii was a busy city of 22,000 people.It lay at the foot of Mount Vesuvius,a grass-covered volcano.Mount Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries,so the people of Pompeii felt safe.But they were not.In August of AD 79,Mount Vesuvius erupted.The entire top of the mountain exploded,and a huge black cloud rose into the air.Soon stones and hot ashes began to fall on Pompeii.When the eruption ended two days later,Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of stones and ashes.Almost all of its people were dead.For centuries,Pompeii lay buried under stone and ash.Then,in the year 1861,an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii.Slowly,carefully,Ginseppe and his men dug.The city looked almost the same as it had looked in AD 79.There were streets and fountains,houses and shops.There was a stadium with 20,000 seats.Perhaps the most important of all,there were everyday objects,which tell us a great deal about the people who lived in Pompeii.Many glasses and jars had some dark blue colour in the bottom,so we know that the people of Pompeii liked wine.They liked bread,too;metal bread pans were in every bakery.In one bakery there were 81 round,flat loaves of breada type of bread that is still sold in Italy today.Tiny boxes filled with a dark,shiny powder tell us that women liked to wear eye-makeup.Ginseppe has died,but his work continues.One-fourth has not been uncovered yet.Scientists are still digging,still making discoveries that draw tourists to Pompeii.9Why do lots of people come to Pompeii each year?A.To visit the volcano.B.To shop and eat there.C.To watch sports and plays.D.To see how Pompeiians lived.答案:D解析:推理判断题。原文没有直接说出参观者到庞贝古城的目的。通读全文可知,庞贝古城是一座被火山吞没的城市。由于火山突然喷发,人们来不及逃避,从而保留了当时人们生活的遗迹。所以参观者来的目的是看一看庞贝人当时是如何生活的。10Why had so many Pompeiians remained by volcanic Mount Vesuvius?A.The city nearby offered all kinds of fun.B.The area produced the finest wine in Italy.C.Few people expected the volcano to erupt again.D.The mountain was beautiful and covered with grass.答案:C解析:细节理解题。从第二段后两句话“MountVesuviushadnoteruptedforcenturies,sothepeopleofPompeiifeltsafe.Buttheywerenot.”可以得出结论,几乎没有人想到火山会再次喷发。11Why did the city uncovered look almost the same as it had looked in AD 79?A.Because Ginseppe and his men dug it slowly and carefully.B.Because the city was buried alive and remained untouched.C.Because scientists successfully rebuilt the city with everyday objects.D.Because nobody had lived in the city ever since the volcano erupted.答案:B解析:推理判断题。从第二、三两段可知,庞贝古城位于维苏威火山山脚下,但维苏威火山有多个世纪没有喷发了。人们以为它不会再喷发,但是,在公元79年8月,火山突然喷发,整个城市被埋葬在石头和灰尘下。由于火山突然喷发,人们在毫无准备的情况下被埋葬了,所以保留了当时全部的情景。12What do we know about the Pompeiians who lived 2,000 years ago?A.They lived more or less the same as Italians now do.B.They liked women wearing all kinds of makeup.C.They enjoyed a lazy life with drinking and eating.D.They went back to Pompeii after the eruption in AD 79.答案:A解析:推理判断题。从倒数第二段所述参观者看到的2000年前庞贝人生活的情景可以得出结论,他们当时的生活状况或多或少和现在的意大利人生活的状况相同。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(导学号55580025)(2017全国高考)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping.I would have laughed heartily.Campers,in my eyes,were people who enjoyed insect bites,ill-cooked meals,and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me.13The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.14 We slept in a tent,cooked over an open fire,and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work,recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was,nevertheless,talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.15 Instead,we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.16 We have done a lot of it since.Recently,we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom,a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.17 It must be true that sooner or later,everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.A.This time there was no tent.B.Things are going to be improved.C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then,however.E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.F.After the trip,my family became quite interested in camping.G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.答案:1317 DCAFE第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Some myths are stories told since ancient times to explain the causes for natural happenings.The Greek myth that explains why there are changes of 18 is about Demeter,the goddess of the harvest.She had a daughter,Persephone,whom she loved very much.Hades,god of the underworld,fell in love with Persephone,and he asked Zeus,the 19 of the gods,to give Persephone to him as his 20.Zeus did not want either to disappoint Hades or to upset Demeter,so he said he would not agree to the marriage,but neither would he 21 it.Hades,therefore,decided to take the girl without 22.When Persephone was picking flowers in the garden,he seized her and took her to the underworld.When Demeter 23 what happened to Persephone,she became so 24 that she caused all plants to 25.People were in 26 of starving.But Demeter was determined not to let crops grow 27 her daughter,Persephone,was returned to her.28,still not wanting to disappoint Hades,decided upon a condition for Persephones 29.She could go back to her mother if she had not 30 anything while she was in the underworld.Demeter 31 it because she did not know that Persephone had eaten several pomegranate(石榴) seeds in the underworld.When Zeus 32 this,he agreed that Persephone could spend part of the year with her 33,but he added that since she had eaten the seeds,she must spend part of the year in the underworld.And so it 34 that when Persephone is in the underworld,Demeter is sad and therefore 35 not let the crops grow.That is 36 we have winter when plants do not grow.When Persephone returns,Demeter is 37;it is spring,and plants begin to grow again.18A.periodsB.seasonsC.timeD.age答案:B解析:根据下文中的winter和spring可判断出这里说的是季节的变化,而不是时期、时间、年龄的变化。19A.winnerB.rulerC.advisorD.fighter答案:B解析:根据“.heaskedZeus.togivePersephonetohim.”可判断出宙斯是神的统治者。20A.wifeB.loverC.partnerD.daughter答案:A解析:根据下文中的themarriage可判断出哈德斯想娶佩塞芬尼为妻。21A.forbidB.forgiveC.admitD.accept答案:A解析:forbid“禁止”。由but可知此处表示转折,上文的agree与forbid是反义词,此处说明他的态度是既不同意,也不禁止。forgive“宽恕”;admit“承认”;accept“接受”。22A.arrangementB.warningC.reasonD.permission答案:D解析:根据上文所提供的情景可判断出哈德斯决定不经过允许而得到这个女孩。arrangement“安排”;warning“警告”;reason“理由”;permission“允许”。23A.let outB.worked outC.thought outD.found out答案:D解析:此处表示她发现了发生在佩塞芬尼身上的事情。letout“泄露”;workout“算出”;thinkout“想出”;findout“发现;查出”。24A.excitedB.tiredC.angryD.serious答案:C解析:发现自己的女儿被别人带走了,自然生气,而不是激动、疲惫或严肃。25A.grow fastB.start growingC.stop growingD.grow slowly答案:C解析:stopgrowing“停止生长”。根据下文中的“.wasdeterminednottoletcropsgrow.”可知答案。26A.dangerB.hopeC.turnD.case答案:A解析:beindangerofstarving“处于挨饿的危险中”。因为植物停止了生长,人们没有东西吃,只得挨饿。27A.sinceB.untilC.afterD.when答案:B解析:notuntil“直到才”。直到她的女儿回到她的身边,她才让庄稼生长。28A.PersephoneB.ZeusC.DemeterD.Hades答案:B解析:根据上文中的“ZeusdidnotwanteithertodisappointHadesortoupsetDemeter.”可判断出这里指的还是宙斯。29A.returnB.changeC.marriageD.journey答案:A解析:return“回来”。从下文的goback可以看出,宙斯决定在一定的条件下才可以让佩塞芬尼回来。30A.stolenB.foundC.eatenD.heard答案:C解析:根据下文“hadeatenseveralpomegranateseeds”可判断出如果佩塞芬尼不吃任何东西,她就可以回到她妈妈的身边。31A.understoodB.refusedC.doubtedD.accepted答案:D解析:根据because引导的原因状语从句可判断出她接受了这个决定。understand“理解,明白”;refuse“拒绝”;doubt“怀疑”;accept“接受”。32A.discoveredB.studiedC.forgotD.prepared答案:A解析:discover“发现”。study“研究,学习”;forget“忘记”;prepare“准备”,这三个选项均不合句意。33A.daughterB.motherC.godD.ruler答案:B解析:这里her指佩塞芬尼,根据上文的“gobacktohermother”可判断出宙斯同意她与母亲共同度过一段时间。34A.worksB.remainsC.happensD.starts答案:C解析:happen“发生”。it做形式主语,that从句做真正的主语,表示发生了什么事情。35A.shouldB.canC.dareD.will答案:D解析:will“愿意”。根据上文中的sad可判断出佩塞芬尼在冥界时,德米特很伤心,她不愿意让庄稼生长。36A.whereB.becauseC.whyD.how答案:C解析:why引导表语从句,表示原因。“这就是冬天植物不生长的原因”。37A.niceB.friendlyC.freshD.happy答案:D解析:女儿回到身边,德米特自然是高兴的。nice“好的”;friendly“友好的”;fresh“新鲜的”,这三个词均不能表达德米特的心情。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(导学号55580026)Long time ago,a hunter went out into the woods to catch something 38. his tribe.He was the cleverest and 39.(brave) hunter of his tribe.He walked and walked 40. he saw a bog(沼泽) so vast that no beast could have crossed it,no bird could have flown across it but only the frogs would be able to see what was on the other side.The hunter 41.(think) to himself,“If the animals here cant cross this bog,42. kinds of animals might live on the other side?”“I must find out,”he said to 43.(he).“Whatever happens,I must get to the other side.”He took a good 44.(run) start,and jumped across the bog.He looked around in 45.(excite),but everything looked 46.(exact) the same:the same earth,the same grass,the same trees.“Silly me!”he said.“There was no need 47.(risk) my life.”答案:38.for39.bravest40.until/till41.thought42.what43.himself44.running45.excitement46.exactly47.to risk第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或