法学理论论文透明度原则的法律研究.doc

透明度原则的法律研究 透明度原则的法律研究 the principle of transparency of legal research 【摘要】 透明度原则是世界贸易组织的一项基本原则,它具有双向性、互惠性、严格性及相对性。其一是指法律、法规、行政规章和行政命令等应事先公布然后再予以执行和实施;其二是指执行和实施的程序、标准和规则要公开化。透明度原则首先由1947年的关贸总协定提出,后经乌拉圭回合谈判纳入了各个多边贸易协定,现已适用于国际贸易的所有领域,成为货物贸易、服务贸易和知识产权保护中普遍实行的一项基本原则。在关贸总协定乌拉圭回合中,还通过了建立“贸易政策审议机制”,使透明度原则得到继承和发展。其内容包括贸易法规的公布与实施、经济贸易政策的年度报告、经济贸易政策查询和经济贸易政策评审等制度。透明度原则的主要意图在于保持世界贸易组织各成员方政策和措施的充分透明,实现wto的总体目标,保持多边贸易体制在开放、公平无扭曲竞争的基础上健康发展。本文从理念入手,阐述了透明度原则的概念、特征、涵义,阐述了透明度原则的具体规定。通过理论分析,认识到透明度原则具有明显的价值性。通过对透明度原则的法律价值的分析,进一步研究了透明度原则的法律实现。本文还对我国透明度原则的承诺以及我国履行透明度原则的努力及其相关问题进行研究。阐明了我国立法、司法和行政部门对于履行透明度原则的重视以及所做出的努力。文章最后指出了我国在履行透明度原则方面存在的问题,并提出了解决这些问题的对策。【abstract】 transparency of the world trade organization is one of the fundamental principles. on one hand, it is to say that laws, regulations, administrative regulations and executive orders, etc. should be announced in advance and then be implemented and enforced. on the other hand, its to say that the implementation and enforcement procedures, standards and rules should be open. world trade organization (wto) has an agreement on the nature of a set of international legal rules, and the basic principles are included international economic relations in the increasingly widespread application of the principle of transparency.firstly, the dissertation starts from the principle of transparency, studied the concept, characteristics and applications. then it pointed out that the principle of transparency is for the implementation of world trade organization and to comply with its legal system, and its a member of an important obligation to help the international community to create a good international trade order.the principle of transparency is widely used in international economic exchanges, and it reflects in all relevant international trade agreements. the author expounded on the principle of transparency in wto requirements and performance analysis; 1994 general agreement on tariffs; and the principle of transparency in the agreement.transparency is the multilateral trading system through the basic requirements. by the analysis on the legal value of transparency, the author further studied its legal realization.then the author studied the commitment to the wto principle of transparency, out effort to fulfill the wto principle of transparency, and the related issues. its pointed out that legislative, judicial and administrative departments attach importance to fulfill the principle of transparency and make great efforts. finally the author analyzed the existing troubles in fulfill of principle of transparency and gave some solutions. 【关键词】 透明度原则; 公开; 法律价值; 法律实现 【key words】 principle of transparency; open; legal value; legal realization 透明度原则的法律研究摘要 6-7 abstract 7-8 第1章 绪论 11-14 1.1 本文题目的背景 11-12 1.2 本文研究的目的 12-13 1.3 本文研究的方法 13-14 第2章 透明度原则的概述 14-24 2.1 透明度原则及其特征 15-17 2.1.1 透明度原则的涵义 15-16 2.1.2 透明度原则的特征 16-17 2.2 wto中的透明度原则 17-21 2.2.1 gatt中的透明度原则 17-18 2.2.2 trips关于透明度原则的具体规定 18-19 2.2.3 其他世贸组织法律中的透明度原则 19-21 2.3 透明度原则的展望 21-24 第3章 透明度原则的法律价值 24-31 3.1 透明度原则保障了程序正义 24-27 3.1.1 程序正义 24-26 3.1.2 透明度原则是程序正义的重要保障 26-27 3.2 透明度原则与多边贸易体制 27-31 3.2.1 是监督各成员贸易的基本手段 27-28 3.2.2 防止贸易歧视保证公平贸易 28-29 3.2.3 对促进服务贸易的意义 29-31 第4章 透明度原则的实现机制 31-42 4.1 实现透明度原则的具体措施 31-40 4.1.1 公布义务 31-33 4.1.2 通知义务 33-34 4.1.3 设立咨询点 34-35 4.1.4 反向通知程序 35-36 4.1.5 设定透明时限 36 4.1.6 建立贸易政策审议机制 36-40 4.2 透明度原则的例外 40-42 4.2.1 例外原则 40 4.2.2 安全例外 40-42 第5章 透明度原则在我国的现状及完善 42-60 5.1 透明度原则在我国适用 42-47 5.1.1 我国对履行wto透明度原则的承诺 42-44 5.1.2 履行透明度原则将给中国带来的利益 44-46 5.1.3 我国履行wto透明度原则的状况 46-47 5.2 我国保障透明度原则的缺失 47-55 5.2.1 我国立法在透明度原则方面的缺失 47-51 5.2.2 我国行政行为在透明度原则方面的缺失 51-53 5.2.3 我