2011年中考英语易错题8.doc

2011年中考英语易错题（8）湖北省宜昌市第五中学葛林 1. come 误i came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.正i came across an old friend in the street yesterday.析 come across是“偶然碰见、遇见”，要直接加宾语，如：ive just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine. 误a: where do you come from? b:i come from the station.正a: where did you come from? b:i came from the station.正a: where do you come from? b:i come from china.析 where do you come from?意为“你是什么地方的人?”而where did you come from?则是“你从何处来?” 误the stars are coming out from the cloud.正the stars are coming out of the cloud.析come out of意为“从地方出来”。 come in, come into, entercome in与come into的意义相同，但come into后面要加宾语，而come in后面不用宾语。如i found someone came into my room. the door opened and the child came in.enter常作为及物动词使用，如：the bus entered the english tunnel. 2. congratulate 误i want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.正i want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.析动词congratulate somebody on something是“向某人祝贺某事”。其名词congratulation在用时一般要用复数，如：i offered him my congratulations on his success.又如：congratulations! 3. cook 误my father is a good cooker.正my father is a good cook.析很多动词加上er则变为执行该动作的一种人，如work - worker, teach - teacher.但cook即是动词“做饭”，同时名词也是“厨师”。而cooker则是“厨具”、“炊具”之意。如：i will cook the dinner. i bought a good press cooker（高压锅）。 4. corner 误there is a post office in the corner of the street.正there is a post office at the corner of the street.误a girl sat at the corner of the room.正a girl sat in the corner of the room.析 in the corner是在建筑物内部的角上，而at the corner是在外部的角上，如：there is a big tree at the corner of the building. 5. cost 误i cost ten dollars for the book.正i spent ten dollars on the book.误i cost two hours to do my homework.正it took me two hours to do my homework.析cost，spend，take都可以作“花费”讲，但用法不同。cost的用法是“something + cost + somebody +时间或金钱”，如：the book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是“somebody + spend +时间 + (in)doing something”，如：i spent two hours (in) writing this book.或“somebody + spend +金钱 + on something”，如：i spend two dollars on this book.而take的用法则要用逻辑主语it：“it + takes + somebody +时间 + to do something”,如：it took me an hour to clean the classroom. 6. country 误you can find cows in a country.正you can find cows in the country.析country即可作“国家”讲，也可作“农村”讲。当作“农村”讲时，一定要加定冠词，而且只有单数形式。 误farmers live in the countries.正farmers live in the country.析但作为“国家”讲时则可有单、复数形式，例如：japan is an asian country. japan, china, and india are asian countries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的国家，如：new zealand is an agricultural country.而nation多指民族组成的国家，如：the chinese nation（中华民族）。state多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围，如：the state farm（国营农场）。 7. cross 误there are traffic lights at the cross.正there are traffic lights at the crossing.析cross作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形的东西，如：red cross（红十字会）。 误the little boy is going to across the street.正the little boy is going to cross the street.析across是副词或介词，但不能作动词用。 cross, passcross是指横过某地，如：he crossed the square.而pass则强调从某物体旁经过，如：i mailed some letters when i passed the post office. 8. crowd 误the room soon was crowded by people.正the room soon was crowded with people.析crowded在这句话中应作为形容词，所以这句话不是被动语态而是系表结构，如：the room was crowded with books. 9. cup 误a silver glass was given to the winner.正a silver cup was given to the winner.误my mother was looking for the whisky cup.正my mother was looking for the whisky glass.析glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿，而cup多指用陶瓷或金属制成的杯子，且cup尤其用在奖杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我们讲i drink a glass of wine at supper.而不讲i drink a cup of wine at supper. 10. dance 误well invite you a