(外研陕西专版)英语：选修8 第五单元(课件).ppt

.单词聚焦 1_ v目击，亲眼看见； 亲 身经历 2_ v. 假定，假设 3_ n. 耐心 4_ v. 爆炸 5_ n. 十年 6_ v. 承认；认为 witness assume patience burst decade acknowledge 7_ adj. 任意的；随机的 8_ n. 失败 9_ n. 权力；权威 10_ v. 起誓，保证 11_ n. (刚提及的两个人或 物之中的)后一个， 第二个 12_ n. 控制 13_ n. 安慰；宽慰 random defeat authority swear latter grasp relief 14_ v. 预知；预见 15_ adj. 丰富的；广泛的 16_ n. 同情；同情心 17_ n. 尊贵；尊严 18_ adj. 稳定的；安定的 19_ v. 咨询；请教 20_ adv. 蓄意地，故意地 foresee broad sympathy dignity stable consult deliberately .短语扫描 1_ spite of 不管；尽管 2a _ of 一系列 3accuse sb._ (doing) sth. 指责某人(干)某事 4pray _祈望，祈求 5set._ motion 使某事开始 in series of for in 6be accustomed _习惯于 7be enthusiastic _ 对热心 8_ ones sorrow 使某人悲伤的 是 9come _ ones aid 来帮某人 10be consistent _和一致 to about/for to to with accustomed adj.习惯的 be accustomed to (doing) sth.be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.习 惯于(做)某事 Soon，he became/got accustomed to the hot weather in the south. 很快，他就习惯了南方炎热的天气。 Im accustomed to the school life here now. 现在我习惯这儿的学校生活了。 I have been accustomed to going to bed early and getting up early for years.我已习 惯于早睡早起数年了。 accustom vt. 使习惯于 accustom oneself to (doing) sth.使自己习 惯于(做)某事 She was a person accustomed to having eight hours sleep a night.她是那种习惯每 晚睡八个小时的人。 1.(2008年江苏卷)They are quiet，arent they? Yes.They are accustomed_at meals. Ato talk Bto not talk Cto talking Dto not talking 【解析】 句意为：他们很安静啊，是 吗？是的，他们习惯了在吃饭时不讲话 。be accustomed to习惯、适应，等于be used to。这里to是介词，再根据句意， 可知选D。 【答案】 D 2_the new life in Beijing，the old woman lived happily with her daughter after leaving her home in the countryside. AAccustoming to BAccustomed to CHaving used to DHaving accustomed to 【解析】 sb.be accustomed to.某人习 惯于，句意为：那个老妇人已习惯了 北京的新生活，离开农村的家后，与女 儿在一起过着幸福的生活。用过去分词 作状语。 【答案】 B assume vt.假定，假设；假装，装出 assumesth./that从句 假设，设想，认 为 assume sb./sth.to be.假设某人/某物是 We cant assume anything in this case. 在这种情形下我们无法作出任何揣测。 I assume that you always get up at the same time. 我想你总是在同一时间起床。 Hes not such a fool as you assumed him to be. 他并非你所认为的那样愚蠢。 He assumed to be deaf.他装聋。 Dont assume an air of concern.别装出关 心的样子了。 (1)assumption n假定，设想 (2)on the assumption that假定 We are working on the assumption that we can carry out the plan in a week.我们在一 星期内可以完成计划的设想之下工作着 。 (3)assuming that.假定 Assuming that his story is true，what should we do? 假定他的话是真的，我们应该怎么办？ Assuming that/On the assumption that the proposal is accepted，when are we going to get the money? 假定这个建议被采纳，我们何时能拿到 钱？ 3.We must_him to be innocent until he is proved guilty. Apretend Bbelieve Cassume Dthink 【解析】 考查动词词义辨析和句意理 解。句意为：在未证实他有罪之前，我 们必须假定他是清白的。assume “假定 ，假想；认为”强调“一种没有证据的认 为”，符合题意。pretend “假装”不合题 意，且不用于“v.sb.to be”结构； believe/think sb.to be “认为某人”侧重 于“认为某种情况是事实”，不合题意。 【答案】 C patience n耐心，耐性 be out of patience with.耐不住，对 忍无可忍 have no patience with.对不能容忍， 对没有耐性 This work requires both skill and patience. 这项工作既需要技术又需要耐心。 I have no patience with his attitude to me. 我不能容忍他对我的态度。 I was out of patience with his carelessness. 我简直无法容忍他的粗心大意。 After waiting for an hour，I was beginning to run out of patience. 等了一个小时后，我开始失去耐心了。 be patient with sb.对某人有 耐心 be patient of sth.忍耐某事 patiently adv.with patience耐心地 Susan is very patient with the children. 苏珊对孩子们很有耐心。 4.(2008年威海统考)Ill look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little_. Await Btime Cpatience Drest 【答案】 C burst (burst，burst) vi.爆炸；爆破； 裂开；突然发生 burst into tears/laughter/cheers/突然大哭 /大笑/欢呼起来 burst out crying/laughing/singing突然哭起 来/笑起来/唱起来 If you blow that balloon up any more，it will burst. 那气球再吹就要破了。 I carry a spare tyre in the boot of the car in case one bursts. 我带了一个备用轮胎放在后备箱里，以 防爆胎。 On hearing the sad news，she burst into tears. 一听到那个悲惨的消息，她就大哭起来 。 (1)burst in突然插嘴；打断 “I dont see why we should do that.”Peter burst in. 皮特突然插嘴说，“我不明白我们为什么 要这么做。” (2)burst into the room闯入屋里 A man with a gun in his hand burst into the bank. 一个持有手枪的人突然闯入银行。 (3)burst with anger勃然大怒 (4)burst with joy/happiness非常高兴 (5)burst open(使)猛然打开 Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them. 消防队员撞开门，把他们救了出来。 5.Hearing the news，she burst into_and burst_the room. Acrying；out Btears；in Ccrying；into Dtears；out of 【解析】 burst into tears突然大哭起来 ；burst out of the room冲出屋子。如果 选B应把in改为into。 【答案】 D 6She had been waiting for a letter from her parents，and when she received it，she couldnt help_crying. Abursting into Bbursting out Cto burst out Dto burst into 【答案】 B acknowledge vt.承认 acknowledge sth./that从句 承认 acknowledge doing承认干过 acknowledge sb.as/to be公认某人是(常 用于被动形式) Its widely/universally acknowledged that. 大家公认 They acknowledged their responsibility for the bombing. They acknowledged that they were responsible for the bombing.他们承认对这 起爆炸事件负责。 The Japanese army finally acknowledged having been defeated. 日军最后承认已被打败。 Zhang Yimou is acknowledged as one of the best movie directors in China nowadays. Zhang Yimou is acknowledged to be one of the best movie directors in China nowadays. 张艺谋被公认为是中国当今最优秀的电 影导演之一。 vt.告知(收到)，感谢 acknowledge sb.向某人打招呼；对某人表 示谢意 acknowledge ones letter向某人表示来信已 收到 She walked right past me without acknowledging me. 她从我身旁走过连个招呼也没打。 His long service with the company was acknowledged with a present.公司送他一份 礼物，答谢他对公司的长期服务。 7.We_with a present for your timely aid when we were in trouble. Aattributed Bknowledge Cacknowledged DPromised 【解析】 acknowledge 感谢。本题缺少 谓语，排除名词B项。A项“把归因于 ”，D项“许诺”，均不符合语境。 【答案】 C defeat n击败，失败；v.战胜(某人)， 击败 I never consider the possibility of defeat. 我从未考虑有失败的可能性。 Our baseball team has suffered another defeat. 我们的棒球队再次败北。 Our team was defeated in the open match. 那次公开赛中，我们队被击败。 Not having worked hard enough，you defeated your purpose. 你因工作不太努力，所以达不到自己的 目的。 The problem defeated all of us.我们都被那 个问题难住了。 win，beat与defeat用法比较： (1)beat，defeat都表示在战斗中或竞赛中 “战胜、打败(对手)”，后接竞争对手，可 以互换。 I can beat/defeat you at swimming.我游泳 比得过你。 The news that he has been defeated/beaten in the election is not true.在大选中他被击 败的消息不真实。 (2)win“战胜、赢得(通过努力、苦干等而 赢得某物)”，其宾语通常是比赛、战争 、奖品或表尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。 竞争对手不能作其宾语。 By her hard work，she won herself a place on the school team. 通过刻苦的训练，她在校队里赢得了地 位。 His poem won the first prize of ten dollars. 他的诗获得了10美元的一等奖。 8.Your football team_ours last Sunday，but we_the game yesterday afternoon. Abeat；beat Bbeat；won Cwon；won Dwon；beat 【解析】 “打败某支球队”应用beat。“ 赢得比赛”应用win。 【答案】 B accuse v控告，指控 the accused被告 accuse sb.of sth./doing sth.控告某人 The police accused him of murder.警方指 控他谋杀。 The man was accused of stealing. 这个人被控告犯有盗窃罪。 The accused asked the judge for mercy. 被告要求法官从轻发落。 accuse与charge用法比较： 二者都含有“控告，谴责”的意思。 (1)accuse指“当面指控或指责，不一定诉 诸法庭”。 She accused him of stealing her watch.她控 告他偷她的表。 (2)charge指“因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行 正式法律控诉”。 二者用法搭配不同：accuse sb.of sth.；charge sb.with sth.。 The police are going to charge him with murder. 警察要控告他杀人。 9.The soldier was_of running away when the enemy attacked. Ascolded Bcharged Caccused Dpunished 【解析】 accuse sb.of sth./doing sth.控 告某人，本句考查其被动形式。 charge 指控，常与with连用；scold 责备 ；punish 惩罚，均不合题意。 【答案】 C consult v请教；协商；参阅 If fever goes on，consult a doctor without delay. 若继续发烧，立即就医。 I consulted the telephone book for his address. 我查阅电话簿找他的住址。 Consult the map to find out where we are now. 查看一下地图，弄清楚我们现在的位置 。 consult a doctor看医生 consult with sb.与某人商量 consult sb.about sth.就某事向某人征求意 见；咨询某人关于某事 consult a map/dictionary查阅地图/词典 consult ones notebook查看笔记 He consulted his lawyer about the case. 他就此案向他的律师作了咨询。 He has to consult his parents about going abroad. 他必须和父母商量一下出国的事。 10.If you come across new words while reading，you may stop to_the dictionary. Alook up Brefer Cconsult Dcheck 【解析】 “查词典”可表达为： consult/refer to the dictionary或look up.in the dictionary。 【答案】 C in spite of尽管，不顾，不管 In spite of feeling tired，we decided to go out. 尽管很累，我们还是决定出去。 The boy went out in spite of his fathers orders. 那男孩无视父亲的命令，径自出去了。 in spite ofdespite(prep.)尽管，不管 in spite of the fact that不管这个事实 in spite of oneself不由自主地 The house will certainly sell，in spite of the fact that its overpriced.尽管要价过高，房 子肯定会卖出去的。 I think she had a good time in spite of herself. 我想尽管她自己都不知道是怎么回事， 她还是过得非常愉快。 Despite the traffic jam he arrived here on time. 尽管交通阻塞，他仍然准时到达这里。 11._what I had originally thought ，the trip turned out to be fun. AInstead of BIn spite of CContrary to DBecause of 【解析】 考查复合介词辨析。句意为 ：跟我原先想的不一样，这次旅行很有 趣。contrary to “与相反”合题意。 instead of 代替，而不是；in spite of 尽管 ，虽然； because of 因为，均不合题意 。 【答案】 C All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth. 三名宇航员安全成功地返回了地面 make it成功 She made it in films when she was still a teenager. 她还是少女时就在电影界取得了成功。 We just made it in time for the wedding.我 们刚好赶上婚礼。 I cant make it on Friday.星期五我没法到 场。 make it big 大获成功 make it through 熬过，挺过 make it to 及时赶到 make ittime 就定为某时间吧；看表是 时候 make it up to sb.给某人补偿 make it up with sb.和某人和解；和某人 言归于好 I just made it to the bathroom before throwing up. 我忍住呕吐及时地冲进了卫生间。 Frank wondered how to make it through the hard days. 弗兰克不知道如何熬过那些艰难的日子 。 Everyone wants to make it big in Hollywood these days. 现在谁都想在好莱坞获得成功。 12.He got the first prize in his math examination. Yes，I wondered how he did_. Amake to it Bmake to Cmake successes Dmake it 【解析】 考查固定短语make it成功做 某事。 【答案】 D Incredible as it may seem，both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that. 尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及 我们的肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们 作出一个设想 该句中的让步状语从句采用的是倒装结 构，原句Although it may seem incredible. Poor as he is，he is honest.他尽管穷，但 很正直。 Much as I like it，I wont buy it，for its too expensive. 虽然我很喜欢它，但我不会买的，因为 它太贵了。 (1)as引导让步状语从句时应用部分倒装 ，将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置 于句首；若表语是可数名词单数，前置 时要省略不定冠词。 (2)though引导的让步状语从句也可以像 as引导的从句一样用倒装语序，但是 although引导的从句只能用正常语序。 Child as he is，he knows a lot of things. 尽管他还是个孩子，却懂得很多。 Try as he might，he could not find a job. 不管他怎样努力，他还是找不到工作。 13.(2007年重庆卷)_，his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. AStrange as might it sound BAs it might sound strange CAs strange it might sound DStrange as it might sound 【解析】 考查“形容词as主语动 词”句式。 【答案】 D 14(2010年潍坊模拟)_， Carolina couldnt get the door open. AMight she as try BAs she might try CShe might as try DTry as she might 【解析】 考查“行为动词as主语 情态动词”。 【答案】 D .单词拼写 1You will soon_(使习惯) yourself to this new way of life. 【答案】 accustom 2We may talk of beautiful things，but beauty itself is_(抽象的) 【答案】 abstract 3It is generally_(承认) that Wang Liqin is the best Pingpong player in China. 【答案】 acknowledged 4We were_(见证，回击) the most important scientific development of the century. 【答案】 witnessing 5You must be very_(耐心的) with her，as she has been ill for months. 【答案】 patient 6He is not such a fool as you_(假定，以来) him to be. 【答案】 assumed 7May we offer our deepest _(同 情)on the death of your wife. 【答案】 sympathies 8You did that_(故意地)，just to annoy me. 【答案】 deliberately 9Mary and Joan are sisters.The former is a pianist；the_ (后者) is a doctor. 【答案】 latter 10We should learn from her，for she is always doing good d_by helping anyone in trouble. 【答案】 deeds .短语运用 by air，for fun，in spite of，set about， hold on to，cut down，consult with，be caught in，watch out for，on the other hand 11In my view，you must_your parents. 【答案】 consult with 12_the hot weather，they still run in the playground. 【答案】 In spite