优化探究（新课标）2016高考英语总复习 book 3 板块六 modules 5 great people and great inventions of ancient china课件 外研版

.词汇认知 1 n职位 2 vt.强调 3 vi.辞职 4 n状况；条件；环境 Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China position stress resign condition 5 adj.平等的 adv.平等地 n平等 6 n重要；重要性 adj.重要的 7 adj.有影响的 n影响 8 n诚实 adj.诚实 的 9 n贡献 vt.贡献 10 vt.发明 n发明 n发明家 11 与交战 12 养育；抚养 13 责任感 14 第一次 15 结果是 equalequallyequality importanceimportant influentialinfluence honesty honest contributioncontribute inventinventioninventor be at war with bring up a sense of responsibility for the first time as a result .语境助记 Jane holds a senior in a large company and she is to every challenge.She always the importance of and ，which has a great on her workmates.She makes great to the development of the company.We are shocked to hear that she several days ago because she was out of . positionequal stresses honestyjustice influence contributions resigned condition 1equal vt.等于，与相等(be equal to)；比得上 adj.( 大小、数量、程度)相等的；胜任的 n同等的人和物 Shes the equal of her brother as far as intelligence is concerned.论智力，她和她哥哥不相上下。 Im sure Barbaras quite equal to the task. 我确信芭芭拉完全有能力承担这项 任务。 (2012年高考辽宁卷)So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an_equal power with the United States.因此，他们将 生活在一个中国与美国同等权利的世界。 2order n秩序；顺序；整齐；命令；订购；订单；点饭(菜 )vt.命令；订购；安排 He stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society. 他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。 The doctor ordered me to take a rest for a month. The doctor ordered that I (should)take a rest for a month.医生 指示我要休息一个月。 (2012年高考浙江卷)Successful people all have their own places where they can withdraw in_order_to work.成功人士的烦恼 是 他们为 了工作而从他们自己的地方离开。 3stress n压力，重压；强调 vt.重音；着重；强调；重读 I cant stress enough the carefulness while crossing roads. 过马 路时一定要细心，我如何强调都不过分。 The teacher laid particular stress on the need for discipline. 老师特别强调纪 律的重要性。 (2012年高考北京卷)“Stress affects how people learn，”says Professor Mara Mather.马拉马瑟教授说：“压力影响人们如何学习” 。 4condition n状况；条件；环境；社会地位 The car has been well maintained and is in excellent condition.汽车一直保养得很好，处于极佳状态。 Ill let you borrow it on condition that you lend me your bicycle in return.只要你把你的自行车借给我，我就会借给你。 (2012年高考天津卷)Watch out for walkers and other bicyclists ，and always use your lights in_dark_conditions.小心步行者和其他 骑自行车的人，他们在黑暗的环境中总是借你的光。 (1)condition表示“环境”时，常用复数形式；表示“状况”时，是不 可数名词；表示“条件”时，是可数名词。 (2)on no condition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词 、情态动词 等放在主语之前。 On no condition must you tell him what happened. 你决不能把发生的事情告诉他。 5contribution nC贡献，投稿；U捐献，捐助；C捐献的 物品(或钱) Day centres for the elderly make a valuable contribution to the overall service. 照顾老人的日托中心为整个服务事业作出了可贵的贡献。 All the money to the flooded areas has been raised by voluntary contributions. 所有去灾区的钱都是靠自愿捐献筹措的。 (2012年高考山东卷)One of the greatest contributions_to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual.第一 本牛津英语词 典的最大的贡献也是最不寻常的。 6bring up抚养；教育；提出；呕吐；使(车辆等)突然停住；(船 等)停下/到终点 All children should be brought up to respect their parents and teachers. 应该 教育所有的儿童尊敬父母和老师。 He was drunk and brought up what he had at midnight. 他喝醉了，半夜里把吃的东西都吐了。 The great damage which the earthquake brought about made many people homeless or lose their lives. 地震所带来的巨大损失使许多人失去家园或者丧生。 7be at war with与交战 During the Second World War，Germany was at war with almost all the countries in the world. 第二次世界大战期间，德国几乎同世界上所有的国家处于交战状 态。 All the countries should solve their disputes in a peaceful way instead of going to war against each other. 所有国家都应该 以和平的方式来解决争端而不是相互开战。 The country had no other choice but to declare_war_on their enemy. 这个国家没有其他选择 ，不得不向敌人宣战。 8for the first time第一次(在句中作时间状语) With the Industrial Revolution，factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time. 随着工业革命的发展，工厂出现了，产品的批量生产第一次成 为可能。 For the first time，the people were able to dream of a better future.第一次，人们能够构想美好的未来。 This is the first time that Ive been away from my family for such a long time. 这是我第一次离家这么长时间 。 The_first_time I flew in a plane I was really nervous. 我第一次乘飞机时确实很紧张 。 9in conclusion总之；总而言之 In conclusion，I think that cars are very useful because travel is so easy with a car.总之，我认为 汽车是很有用的，因为有了汽车 ，出行是很方便的。 In conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. 最后，我想说我今天过得很开心。 Jumping to a conclusion is dangerous.匆忙下结论 是很危险的 。 We came_to_the_conclusion that the room must have been empty.我们得出结论 ：那个房间当时一定是空的。 1The children were all at _ table，while the father sat at _ table，reading a newspaper. A不填；不填 Bthe；the C不填；the Dthe；不填 解析：句意：孩子们都在吃饭，而这位父亲正坐在桌旁看报纸 。at table意为“在吃饭”，而at the table意为“在桌旁”。 答案：C 2(2013年泰安模拟)Once the poison is _，there is no further danger. Abrought up Bbrought in Cbrought back Dbrought about 解析：句意：一旦把毒药吐出，就不会有更多危险。bring up“吐 出，养育”；bring in“引进”；bring back“归还 ”；bring about“引起，导 致”。 答案：A 3Running a company is not _ a matter of hiring peoplethey also need to be trained. Asimply Bpartly Cseriously Dequally 解析：句意：管理一家公司不是与雇佣人相同的一件事情，他们 需要受到训练 。simply“简单 地”；partly“部分地”；seriously“严肃 地” ；equally“相同地，平等地”。 答案：D 4(2013年大连高三检测 )Due to bad weather，the police had to _ the search for the missing boy. Aresign Babandon Cconduct Drelease 解析：考查动词 辨析。句意：由于恶劣的天气的缘故，警察们 不得不放弃对丢 失男孩的寻找。表示“放弃”用abandon，而resign“辞 去，放弃”，conduct“处理，经营 ”，release“释放”，都不符合句意。 答案：B 5(2013年宜昌模拟)Teachers often _ the importance of diligence in the approach to success. Anoticed Bstressed Cspoke Dtalked 解析：stress“强调，极力主张”；notice“观察”；speak“说”；talk“ 讲”。由句意知B项符合。stress the importance of.“强调的重要 性”。 答案：B 6We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his sons illness had put him under great _. Aemotion Bexcitement Ccrisis Dstress 解析：考查动词 短语的构成。put sb.under(great)stress“使某人 处境(非常)紧张 ，使某人受(很大)压力”。 答案：D 7Though he started late，Mr.Guo played the piano as well as ，if _，Miss Liu. Anot better than Bnot better Cno better than Dno better 解析：句意：虽然郭先生钢琴学得晚，可是他弹得即使不比刘小 姐好，也至少和她一样好。因为有Miss Liu作宾语 ，than不可以省略 ，所以排除B和D。no better than“两者都不好”，而本题是说郭先生弹 得不错，故排除C项；not better than不比好。 答案：A 8His order was that he _ next day. Areturned Breturn Cwas to return Dwould return 解析：句意：他的命令是他应该 第二天回来。thatclause 是表语 从句，受order的制约，应用虚拟语 气，谓语动词为 (should)动词 原形。 答案：B 9(2013年大连模拟)_，the pay isnt attractive enough ，though the job itself is quite interesting. AGenerally speaking BOn the contrary CIn particular DTo be honest 解析：考查词组 辨析。句意：说实话 ，虽然工作本身很有趣， 但报酬不是很吸引人。generally speaking“一般说来”；on the contrary“恰恰相反”；in particular“特别，尤其”；to be honest“说实话 ” 。故选D项。 答案：D 10(2013年银川高三质检 )Eating too much fat can _ heart disease and cause high blood pressure. Aresult from Bcontribute to Cattend to Ddevote to 解析：result from“由于”；attend to“关心，照料”；devote to“致力 于”；contribute to在此意为“引起，导致”，故B项符合句意。 答案：B 11_，because of all the disadvantages I have mentioned，I think，as a student，we dont need a mobile phone. AAs a result BIn conclusion CIn fact DTo tell the truth 解析：考查固定搭配辨析。as a result“结果”；in conclusion“总 之”；in fact“事实上”；to tell the truth“说实话 ”。句中有disadvantages I have mentioned.可推断这里应是总结时说 的一句话，故选B。 答案：B 12The flooded area is in _ of total neglect.The people have to live in makeshift tents under the most appalling _. Aa condition；condition Ba condition；conditions Cconditions；condition Dconditions；conditions 解析：句意：被洪水淹没的地区完全处于没人照管的境况。人们 被迫住在移动帐 篷里，处在最令人沮丧的条件下。be in a condition of.意为“处于情形之下”；而第二空则表示“环境”。 答案：B 1Treat others in the way you want to be treated.己所不欲 ，勿施于人。 知识提炼 way作为“方式；方法”的意思时，在句中作先行词， 如果关系代词在定语从句中作状语，那么可以用that或in which来引 导，that或in which也可以省略。 句式仿写 这就是他做此事的方法。 This_is_the_way_(that)_he_did_it. 2Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.古代中国是一个国与国之间经常发生战争的地方 。 知识提炼 句中where引导定语从句，be at war with“与处 于交战状态”。 句式仿写 北京是我的出生地。 Beijing_is_the_place_where_(in_which)_I_was_born. 3Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius.孟子是一位思想家，他的学说与孔子 的学说非常相似。 知识提炼 该句中代词those代替the teachings。 句式仿写 书桌上面的书比桌子下面的那些好。 The_books_on_the_desk_are_better_than_those_under_the_de sk. 4However，we do know that in 1092 AD he invented. 然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他发明了 知识提炼 本句中的do是对谓语动词进 行强调。在肯定句中( 通常是现在时和过去时的肯定句中)，可将助动词 do(does/did)放在谓 语动词 之前来强调该动词 ，这时谓语动词 要用动词 原形。 句式仿写 使我高兴的是，这棵植物确实看起来像是我们正在 寻找的那棵。 To_my_great_joy， the_plant_did_look_exactly_like_what_we_were_looking_for. 1Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人是善良的。 the reason why.is that.是一个固定句式，意为“的原因是 ”。其中why引导的是定语从句，that引导的是表语从句。 The reason why some people died young is that they didnt pay attention to their health. 一些人早逝的原因是他们不注意自己的身体健康。 I wont accept the reason that/which he explained for his being late. 我不会接受他对于迟到所作的解释。 The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was that he didnt catch the first bus. 他在会议上解释的理由是他没有赶上早班车。 (1)that is because.中because引导的表语从句表述原因；that is why.中why引导的表语从句表结果。 Sorry，we are late.Thats because we were held up in the traffic jam. 很抱歉我们迟 到了，那是因为我们遇上交通堵塞被耽搁了。 We were late；thats why we missed the first bus. 我们迟 到了，那就是为什么我们错过 了第一班车。 (2)reason用作定语从句先行词时 ，首先判断reason在定语从句 中作什么成分，如果作状语，则要使用关系副词why；如作主语或宾 语，则使用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。当reason在定语从句 中作宾语时 ，that或which可省略。 Wed like to know the reason why she didnt accept the job. 我们希望知道她为什么不接受这份工作。 2Treat others in the_way you want to be treated. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 句中的way表示“方式、方法”，其后接定语从句时，要用that/in which来引导，也可将引导定语从句的关系词省略。 Being disabled has completely changed the way he understands the world around him. 残疾已经完全改变了他理解周围世界的方式。 We have been struck by the way he teaches us the language. 我们被他教我们语 言的方式给吸引住了。 We not only attach importance to the result，we also stress the way you solve the problem. 我们不仅认为结 果是重要的，我们也强调你解决问题 的方法。 1(2013年泰安模拟)Nuclear radiation is said _ the biggest health challenge in Japanese Earthquake over the past few months. Abeing Bto be Cto have been Dthat it is 解析：考查It is said that的变形句。该句型可以改写成“原that从 句的主语be said动词 不定式”的结构，其中的不定式根据需要可 以用不同的时态 形式。句意：据说在过去的几个月里核辐射已经成 为日本地震中最大的健康挑战。由句中的over the past few months可 知，不定式要用完成式。 答案：C 2(2013年合肥质