2013山东省高考英语一轮总复习人教版选修8课件unit3inventorsandinventions发明家及其发明

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions发明家及其发明 基础盘点自测自评 核心单词核心单词 1The train came to an _(突然的)stop， making many passengers fall off their seats. abrupt 2He ate a light lunch in _(期望)of a good dinner. 3Alison couldnt _( 忍受)to leave and cried all the way to the airport. expectation bear 4On referring to the Great Wall， foreigners always _( 使发发生联联系)it with China. 5In my opinion，only by facing difficulties bravely and _(抓住)opportunities can one succeed. associate seizing 6They invited her to visit their house on a(n)_(方便的 )date. 7You may safely climb those steps；theyre quite_( 稳稳固的) 8What are your_(标标 准)for judging a bottle of wine? convenient stable criteria 9She _herself by her kindness and bravery as well as a_novelist.(distinguis h) distinguished distinguished 10用freeze的适当形式填空 (1)Tonight，temperature will fall below _point. (2)I_with terror as the door slowly opened. freezing froze 高频短语高频短语 1_ 给给打 电话电话 2_ 偶尔；有时时 3_ 开始；着手 4_ 迅速把手伸入 ；一心投入 5_ 开始(做) call up now and then set about dive into set out(to do) 6_ 不挂断；稍等 ；紧紧紧紧 握住 7_ 次序颠颠倒；发发 生故障 8_ 设设法联联系上( 尤指打通电话电话 )；(设设法)做完；通过过 9_ 回复电话电话 10_ 挂断电话电话 hang on out of order get through ring back ring off 典型句式典型句式 1before是连词连词 ，在句中连连接时间时间 状语语 The next morning I got up early _(天还还 不是很热热) before the sun was hot 2“only状语语从句”引起的倒装 _(只有)you have had that recognition _( 你才能)say that you are truly an inventor. Only after can you 3so.that. 如此以至于 The criteria _( 这样严这样严 格以至于)it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. are so strict that 4every time“每次”引导时导时 间间状语语从句 “_(每次)you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.” Every time 5祈使句and/or陈陈述句 “_(跟随它)up，explore all around it，_ before you know it ，you will have something worth thinking about to _(占用你的大脑脑)” Follow it and occupy your mind 过过去分词词 1_ more attention and concern，the problem would have been solved earlier. AGiving BGiven CGive DTo give 单元语法单元语法 解析：选选B。句子主语语the problem和 give之间间是被动动关系，所以选选B项项。 过过去分词词短语语在句中作条件状语语。 2(2012山东东省实验实验 中学一模)Greatly moved by the movie，_. Atears came to the audiences eyes Bthe audience could hardly hold back tears Ctears could hardly be held back Dthe audiences eyes were filled with tears 解析：选选B。考查查非谓语动词谓语动词 。过过去 分词词作状语语，其逻辑逻辑 主语语要和句子的 主语语保持一致，此处处moved为为move 的被动动形式，意为为“被感动动”，即观观 众被电电影感动动得流泪了。 3(2011海淀区第二学期期中练习练习 )A few days after the interview I received a letter _ my admission to the university. Aoffering Boffered Chaving offered Dto be offered 解析： 选选A。考查查非谓语动词谓语动词 。 offer和其逻辑逻辑 主语语a letter之间间是主 谓谓关系,所以要用现现在分词词表主动动，相 当于which offered。句意：面试试后的 几天,我收到了这这所大学的录录取通知书书 。 4Seeing the road_with snow,we had to spend the holiday at home，watching TV. Ablocking Bto block Cblocked Dto be blocked 解析：选选C。过过去分词词作定语语修饰饰 road，意为为“被大雪封闭闭的道路”。 5When I turned to the person_next to me，I recognized that he was my schoolmate. Aseating Bbeing sat Csit Dseated 解析：选选D。考查查非谓语动词谓语动词 。seat 表示“使坐下”，常用be seated， seated 本身就表示状态态，所以用 seated 作后置定语语；sit 是不及物动动 词词，所以只能用其主动动形式，即用 sitting作后置定语语。 考点串讲讲练互动 单词精研单词精研 1convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就 近的 (教材P20)They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. 他们们突然一下子就消失在附近的墙墙洞里 去了。 归纳拓展 (2011高考天津卷阅读阅读 A)It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.在伦伦敦乘地铁铁非常方便 。 (牛津P436)A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in towns.在城 镇骑镇骑 自行车车常常比开车车更方便。 (北京高考) Come and see me whenever it_is_convenient_to_you. 只要你方便，随时过时过 来看我。 (朗文P441)Being able to pay bills over the Internet is a real convenience.能通过过因特网支付账单账单 确 实实非常方便。 (朗文P441)Ill call in two weeks to arrange a meeting at_your convenience. 我会在两周后打电话电话 来把会议议安排在 您方便的时时候。 2distinguish vi.& vt.辨别别；显显示 的差别别；使有所不同 (教材P20)Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. 这这回我有机会来表现现一下自己了，我 要发发明某种仁慈的东东西，既可以把蛇 抓到，又不会伤伤害到它们们。 归纳拓展 (朗文P588)The twins are so alike ，its difficult to distinguish one from the other. 这对这对 双胞胎太像了，很难难分辨出谁谁是 谁谁。 (牛津P580)At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong? 儿童到什么年龄龄才能明辨是非？ (牛津P580)She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.作为为运动员动员 她已享有盛名。 3bear (bore，borne) vt.忍受；忍耐 ；负负担；生育 (教材P24)I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue. 我 忍受不了架子上烤香肠肠的味道。 (1)bear in mind that. 记记住 (2)cant bear doing/to do sth.不能 忍受做 (3)bear/keep sth.in mind记记住 (4)bear a heavy burden肩负负重担 stand doing忍受，容忍 归纳拓展 (牛津P155)The pain was almost more than he could bear.这这种痛苦 几乎使他无法忍受。 Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair? 为为什么要我负负担所有的维维修费费用？ I cant bear people smoking while hes eating. 我无法忍受人们们吃饭时饭时 吸烟。 You must bear_it_in_mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor. 你要记记住你的父母指望你成为为一名好 医生。 4associate vt.联联想；联联系 n同 伴；伙伴 (教材P26)Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybodys life. 虽虽然人们们常把他与电话电话 的发发明联联系在 一起，但是他的确是一位永不停息的 探索家，不断寻寻求着改善人们们生活质质 量的途径。 归纳拓展 (牛津P104)He is closely associated in the public mind with horror movies.在公众的心目中，他 总总是和恐怖电电影紧紧密联联系在一起。 I dont like these young men you are_associating_with. 我不喜欢欢你结结交的这这些年轻轻人。 You must bear it in mind that you should never associate with bad companions. 你必须须要牢记记千万别别和坏人交往。 We are working in_association_with a local company to raise money for the homeless. 我们联们联 合一家当地的公司，为为无家可 归归的人筹款。 跟踪训练 .完成句子 1Believe it or not，I _ _ (羡慕你卓越的成就) admire your distinguished achievements 2These things all _ _ (带带来极大的便利) and delight to peoples lives. bring great convenience 3 _ _(你方便帮我 )take my luggage upstairs? 4He wished to forget everything _ _(跟过过去的生活有联联系)and start a new life. Would it be convenient for you to help me associated with his former life .单项单项 填空 1Why did Bob cry? He couldnt bear_like that before the whole class. Amaking fun of Bbeing made fun of Cto be laughed Dbeing made fun 解析：选选B。动词动词 bear后跟v. ing形 式或动词动词 不定式作宾语宾语 ，且此处应处应 该该使用被动动形式。若选选C，应应改为为： to be laughed at。 2I cant stand _with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _talking while she works. Aworking；stopping Bto work；stopping Cworking；to stop Dto work；to stop 解析：选选C。stand 作“忍受，容忍” 讲时讲时 ，后跟动词动词 ing 形式；refuse 后 跟动词动词 不定式作宾语宾语 ，所以C项项正确 。 3When would it be _ for you to go to the science museum with me? I am free this Friday afternoon.Lets meet at 2 pm.at the school gate. Afamiliar Bpleasant Cnecessary Dconvenient 解析：选选D。本题题考查查形容词词 convenient的用法。convenient“方 便的，适宜的”，故选选D。 4As far as the American children are concerned，the Christmas is _ with excitement， happiness and gifts. Aassociated Bget Cdeal Dsatisfied 解析：选选A。句意为为：对对于美国的孩 子来说说，圣诞节诞节 与兴奋兴奋 、幸福和礼物 连连在一起。associate“联联想；联联系 ”,be associated with“与联联系 ”,符合题题意。be satisfied with“对对 感到满满意”；其余两项项搭配不当 。 短语精释短语精释 1set about 开始；着手(about 是介词词 ，其后常接名词词或动动名词词) (教材P20)I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. 我着手研究蛇的习习性，以便能找到捕 蛇的最简简易的方法。 归纳拓展 set down 放下；记记下；登记记 set out (to do) 开始做；出发发，动动身 ；安排，摆摆放；陈陈述 set aside保留，储储存(时间时间 ，金钱钱) (牛津P1823)We need to set about finding a solution. 我们们得着手寻寻找一个解决方法。 I wanted to set_off early in order to avoid the traffic. 我想早点出发发以避开交通拥拥堵。 Ive set aside some money for the journey. 我为为那趟旅行存了一些钱钱。 2call up 给给打电话电话 ；使回 忆忆起 (教材P20)When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. 我给给住在乡乡下的母亲亲打电话电话 的时时候， 她感到很心烦烦。 归纳拓展 give sb.a ring 给给某人打电话电话 sb.be wanted on the phone 有某人 的电话电话 answer the phone 接电话电话 hang/hold on 不挂断电话电话 When I was going home to India last year，I called up my mother to ask if she wanted anything from China. 去年在我回印度的途中，我打电话问电话问 我妈妈妈妈 是否想要我从中国带带些东东西给给 她。 That picture calls_up memories of a holiday I had when I was a child.那 张张照片使我回忆忆起儿时时一个假期的情景 。 The Ministry of Education calls_on students to exercise for an hour every day. 教育部呼吁学生每天锻炼锻炼 一个小时时。 (朗文P274)The game was called off because of the bad weather.比 赛赛因天气恶恶劣被取消。 Why dont you call on my sister when youre in Brighton？你到了布 赖顿赖顿 何不顺顺便探望一下我姐姐呢？ 3get through 设设法联联系上(尤指打通 电话电话 )；(设设法)做完；通过过 (教材P26)I cant get through. 我打不通电话电话 。 归纳拓展 get into 进进入；陷入；染上(习惯习惯 ) get off (从)下来；下车车；脱下(衣 服等)；(使)动动身；(飞飞机)起飞飞 get over 越过过(墙墙等)；克服(困难难、偏 见见等)；从(病、损损失等)中恢复过过来 (2011高考大纲纲全国卷阅读阅读 E)She found writing helped her get through the rough days. 她发现发现 写作帮助她度过过了那些艰难艰难 的 岁岁月。 (朗文P868)When she finally got through，the manager wasnt there. 当她终终于打通电话时电话时 ，经经理却不在那 儿。 (朗文P868)Are you willing to stand by him and get him through this difficult time? 你愿意支持他，帮助他度过这过这 段困难难 时时期吗吗？ (陕陕西高考)Many homeless people get_into the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive. 许许多无家可归归的人开始养成乞讨谋讨谋 生 的习惯习惯 。 跟踪训练 .完成句子 1The beggar _(把手迅 速伸入)his pocket and took out several coins. dived into 2The teacher was angry with Tom because he looked out of the window _(时时不时时地) 3The machine is _( 发发生故障)I have to have it repaired. now and then out of order 4If you _(稍等)for a while，I will go and see if I can find your mother. 5It seems that he _( 开始)to clean his bedroom. hang on sets out 6Hardly could he _( 完成)this amount of work in such a short time. get through .单项单项 填空 1Have you_？ No.I had the wrong number. Agot inBgot away Cgot off Dgot through 解析：选选D。句意为为：你打通电电 话话了吗吗？没有，我拨错拨错 号码码了。 get in进进入，抵达，收获获；get away 走开，逃脱；get off(从)下来， 出发发,下班，逃脱惩罚惩罚 ；get through 完成，度过过，通过过，讲讲清楚，打通电电 话话。 2With the weather worsening， they have_the flight from London to Beijing. Acalled off Bcalled in Ccalled out Dcalled for 解析：选选A。考查动词查动词 短语语辨析。句 意为为：由于天气变变得越来越坏，他们们 已经经取消了从伦伦敦到北京的航班。 call off取消(某项项活动动)，符合语语境。 call in请请求,收回，召来；call out大声 喊叫,召集；call for需求，要求，去接 (某人)。故B、C、D三个选项选项 均与语语 境不符。 3Please forgive me to_you_so late， but I have something urgent. Thats all right.Whats the matter? Acall；by Bcall；off Ccall；in Dcall；up 解析：选选D。考查查短语语辨析。call up 给给打电话电话 。句意为为：请请原谅谅 我这这么晚给给你打电话电话 ，但是我有急事 。没关系，什么事？call by顺顺路 来一下；call off取消；call in顺顺路(到 某处处或某人的家)。 4Sorry，but I have to_now.I have a train to catch. Goodbye！Wish you a pleasant journey. Aring out Bcall out Ccall on Dring off 解析：选选D。考查动词查动词 短语语辨析。 ring off挂断电话电话 。 5The boss said we had only three days to finish the work. Dont worry.We have already _two thirds of it. Agot down Bgot through Cgiven in Dgiven away 解析：选选B。get down下来，落下； give in投降，认输认输 ；give away 泄露 (秘密)。get through完成，符合句意 。 1(教材P20)Prepared_with_some research_findings，I decided on three possible approaches：. 有一些研究发现发现 作准备备，我决定了三 种可能的方法： 句型精析句型精析 【点津】 Prepared with some research findings为过为过 去分词词短语语 作状语语，相当于谓语动词为谓语动词为 被动动的 状语语从句，该动该动 作和主句的主语语之间间 存在着逻辑逻辑 上的动宾动宾 关系。 Reminded_not_to_miss the flight at 1520，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. 被提醒不要错过错过 1520 的航班，经经 理匆忙去了飞飞机场场。 Given more time，he can do it better. 如果给给予他更多的时间时间 ，他会把它做 得更好。 Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill ，the park looks more beautiful. When it is seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful. 从山顶顶往下看，这这座公园看起来更加 漂亮。 Encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harder.As he is encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harder.由 于受到所取得进进步的鼓舞，他工作更 努力了。 2(教材P25)“Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.” “跟随它，在它的周围围探索，那么在 你知道它之前，你将有值值得考虑虑的某 些东东西占用你的大脑脑。” 【点津】 本题题考查查“祈使句 and/then/or陈陈述句”结结构的用法。 Work harder and/then you will succeed in your studies. If you work harder，youll succeed in your studies. Working harder，you will succeed in your studies. 如果你更加努力学习习，在学习习上你就 会成功。 Study hard，or youll fail in your exams. If you dont study hard，youll fai