外研版高中英语选修6_module5_导学案

Module 5 Cloning 导学案导学案 1 Introduction , reading and vocabulary page 57-59 1. Target language 目标语言目标语言 a. 重点词汇重点词汇 huge, human being, lip, monster, terrifying, ugly, create, frightening, horror, resemble, terrify, wrinkled, beauty, bone, chase, creation, disgust, emotion, fear, fiance, lifeless, murder b. 重点句子重点句子 1. The novel immediately became very popular and it is generally agreed that it is one of the best science fiction stories ever written. 2. Using bones from dead bodies, he creates a creature that resembles a human being and gives it life. 3. Feeling very anxious, I prepared the equipment that would give life to the thing that lay at my feet. 4. It was on a cold November night that I saw my creation for the first time. 5. I wish I had not created this creature. Task1 : new words revision: 1. 使恐惧2. 追捕，追逐，追赶 3. 使厌恶，使觉得恶心5. 谋杀，谋杀案 6. 拒绝7. 燃尽 烧完自灭 8. 呼吸9. 对照，与对比 10. 与相似11. 扑倒在上 12. 恐怖；害怕；担心；13. 发出声音 14. 创造 Task2: phrases: 从课文中找到相应的单词或短语从课文中找到相应的单词或短语 1. create a monster 2. resemble a huge human being 3. science fiction stories4. horror films 5. have human emotions 6. refuse to do 7. the Arctic8. at the end of 9. for the first time10. a piece of equipment 11. give life to 12. fall against the window 13. burn out14. by its tiny light 15. contrast with16. turn to look at me 17. the same as18. rush out 19. up and down20. throw oneself on 21. shake with fear22. at the same moment 23. make a sound24. again and again 25. put out a hand 2 Task3 ：Sentence patterns: 1. The novel immediately became very popular and it is generally agreed that it is one of the best science fiction stories ever written. It is agreed that 固定句型，意思是“被一致认为”，it 做形式主语，that 引导真实主语从句，类似结构： It is said/ reported/ believed/ hoped/ required/suggested/ thought that 句式变化句式变化 It is said that he has gone abroad. = He is said to have gone abroad. 2. While studying at university, he discovers the secret of how to give life to lifeless matter. While waiting, (= While he was waiting ), he was reading a magazine. If it is necessary,(=If _), Ill ring you up. 3. It was on a cold November night that I saw my creation for the first time. 联想：联想：对 not until 句型的强调 I didnt recognise him until he took off his dark glasses. _ 4. I wish I had not created this creature. 5. Lonely and unhappy, he begins to hate his creator, Frankenstein. （Feeling）Very anxious, I prepared the equipment that would give life to the thing that lay at my feet. 考点：adj.或 adj.短语作状语，表示原因。此外，还可表示伴随情况等。 6. Using bones from dead bodies, he creates a creature that resembles a human being and gives it life. I woke, shaking with fear. 考点：v. ing 短语作状语，表示方式、伴随情况。此外，还可以表示原因、 结果、时间等。 重难点重难点 1. terrify v. (make sth. frightened) 使惊恐，使受惊吓 n. terror run away in terror 惊慌地跑开 adj. terrified/ terrifying be terrified at / with 因.吓了一跳 be terrified of 恐惧，害怕. 1). Having heard the alarm, _ people ran out of the office. 2). I dont like _ films. They are frightening. 2. resemble: vt. be like or similar to与相像 常用短语：resemble sb./sth. (in sth.) 她和她弟弟长得很像。_ 她说话时打手势的动作像她妈妈。_ 3. refuse v 拒绝 回绝 refuse + n / pron / to do / sb. sth. 4. murder n. /v. 谋杀，谋杀案 murderer 凶手，谋杀犯 Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy 3 commit murders 进行谋杀，犯杀人罪 1). 一个月内发生了 3 起凶杀案。_ 2). He murdered his wife with a knife. 5. chase: follow 追捕 在外面的院子里, 孩子们叫喊着, 互相追逐。 _ chase off: 赶跑 这个老人用棍子赶跑了所有调皮的男孩。 _ chased after sb./sth. 追逐，追赶，追踪，追求 chase sb./sth. away/ off/ out 赶走，驱逐 chase about 到处飞奔 chase down 努力寻找 chase ones dream 追求个人梦想 Why do people _ material possessions? A. chase away B. chase after C. chase about D. chase down 6. burn out vi. 燃尽 烧完自灭 vt. burn sth. out = sth. be burnt out 被烧空, 烧毁 burn oneself out = be burnt out 精力耗尽 ;身体搞垮 burn up 烧起来 旺起来 1). 这座房子被大火烧光了. _ 2). 蜡烛已烧尽_ 3). 他要是继续这样拼命，就会累垮的。 _ 4). 把这些木头放在火上使它烧起来_ burn out /off 烧光烧光 burn down 烧毁烧毁 burn to the ground 烧成平地烧成平地 5).The hotel was _in the big fire. 6). The wooden house was _. 7). If you want to study well , you should burn your boats. 7. breathe v. 呼吸 It is good for the health to breathe deeply. 搭配：breathe in _ breathe out _ The doctor told me to breathe in and then breathe out slowly. 拓展：breath n. hold ones breath _ out of breath _ 8. contrast vt. 对照，对比 contrast A and/with B 1). 这首诗对比了青春与年老。_ 搭配：contrast with 2). 她的行动与诺言相差甚远。_ 4 contrast n. 短语：in contrast to /with _ by contrast _ contrast.with 不同类事物对比/映衬/衬托 comparewith 同类事物对比/比较 1). The teacher compared and contrasted the poems. 2) The white sailing boat _the blue sea. 3) My works dont _yours. 9. disgust v. 使厌烦，使觉得恶心 1). 鱼的腥味令我恶心。 _ 2). Were all disgusted at the way her husband treats her. n. disgust n. 厌恶这股气味使我作呕。_ disgusting 可作形容词，表示“令人恶心的” 10. turn to sb. / sth.常意为“向求助”。 The children all turned _ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at 11. fear n.恐怖；害怕；担心； v.害怕，畏惧 1). 我全身颤抖着吓醒了。 _ 2). Helen didnt want to get out of bed,_. 海伦不想起床，生怕吵醒她的丈夫。 3). 小男孩害怕晚上单独外出。_ 拓展：for fear of.担心；以防 in fear of害怕 never fear = dont worry 别担心 in/with fear 惊恐地 fearful (frightening) adj. 吓人的，可怕的 fearless adj. 无畏的，勇敢的 He got to the station early, missing his train. A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of 反馈训练反馈训练 I 词汇拓展 1. emotion n. _adj. 情感的 _adj. 没有感情的 2. fiancee n. _ n. 未婚夫 3. murder v. _ n. 凶手 4. breathe v. _n. 呼吸 5. horror n. _ adj. 可怕的，令人恐惧的 6. fear n. _ adj. 可怕的 _adj.无畏的 7. create v. _n. 创造 _adj. 创造性的 _n 创造者 _ n. 生物，动物 8. wrinkle adj. _ n. 皱纹 v. 起皱纹，使起皱纹 导学案导学案 2 Function, Speaking, Listening and Vocabulary, Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy 5 Everyday English 60-63 1. Target language 目标语言目标语言 2. Ability goals 能力目标能力目标 Enable the students to learn to talk about past and present regrets. 3. Learning ability goals 学能目标学能目标 Help the students learn how to know more about genetics. Function I wish I had not created this creature, I wish I was not here. I wish I could disappear! Im so sorry! Its a great pity! What a shame！Thats too bad! If I had been there, he would not have made such a serious mistake. Listening and Vocabulary Ability goals 能力目标 Enable the students to learn more about cloning. 3. Learning ability goals 学能目标 Help the students learn how to know more about genetics. Teaching important 2) we could use cloning to cure illnesses arguments against cloning: 1) health risks from mutation of genes; 2) emotional risks; Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy 7 3) risk of abuse of the technology; 4) against nature; 5) cloned animals get ill and die quite young; 6) people are afraid of that scientists will create thousands of copies of the same person; 7) cloning is dangerous because scientists may create monsters by mistake If you had the power, would you ban cloning or would you encourage it? Give reasons for your opinion. Write your paragraph as follows: Answer the question in one sentence. Give reasons for your answer. Use these words: firstly, secondly, lastly. Example: I would ban cloning for several reasons. Firstly, I do not believe it is right to create humans or animals using scientific methods. It is against and very dangerous. Give some examples. Example: All the cloned animals born so far have died young. 导学案导学案 3 Grammar page 62-63 虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气的概念 语气：语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的意图或态度。英语中有陈述语气， 祈使语气和虚拟语气三种语气。 虚拟语气是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀 疑等(在条件从句中)；二是表示说话人的主观愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾 语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中)。 一一 虚拟语气在条件句中的运用虚拟语气在条件句中的运用 情情 况况从句中谓语的构成从句中谓语的构成主句中谓语的构成主句中谓语的构成 与现在情况相反与现在情况相反 动词的过去式（be 的过去式 一般用 were） Would/should/ could/might +动词原形 与过去情况相反与过去情况相反 had + 过去分词Would /should/ could/might +have +过去分词 与将来情况相反与将来情况相反 动词的过去式 should+动词原形 were to+动词原形 Would/should/ could/might +动词原形 1. 与现在事实相反：与现在事实相反： 表示与现在事实相反的条件和结果。表示与现在事实相反的条件和结果。 1). If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. 2). If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world. 3). If it were fine now, I would go shopping. 2. 与过去事实相反：与过去事实相反： 表示与过去事实相反的条件和结果表示与过去事实相反的条件和结果。 8 1). If I had had time last night, I would have gone to see the film with you . 2). If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday. 3. 与将来事实可能相反：与将来事实可能相反： 表示与将来事实可能相反的条件和结果。表示与将来事实可能相反的条件和结果。 1). If I saw him tomorrow, I should tell him. 2). If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way. 3). If it should be necessary, I could come at six. 注意注意 含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有 had，should，were 这三个词，在正式这三个词，在正式 或书面语言中可将或书面语言中可将 if 省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行部分倒装。省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行部分倒装。 1). Had they time (= If they had time), they would certainly come and help us. 2). Should it be fine (= If it should be fine), we would go for an outing. 3). Were I you (=If I were you), I would go. 2）有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时，）有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时， 动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。这种句子可以称为错综复杂条件句动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。这种句子可以称为错综复杂条件句 1). If it had rained last night, (过去) I would be very cold today.（现在） 2). If I had taken your advice, (过去) I should have no trouble with the work now.（现在） 3）有时候，假设的情况不以条件从句表示，而是通过一个介词短语来表示，有）有时候，假设的情况不以条件从句表示，而是通过一个介词短语来表示，有 时可以通过上下文或其他方式表示。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。时可以通过上下文或其他方式表示。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。 1). We could have done better under more favourite conditions. 2). He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy. 3). Such mistakes could have been avoided. (if we had been more careful) 4). But for your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time. 5). Without air, there would be no living things. 6). With your help we could have done better. 7). If only I were a bird! 二二 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用 1 在动词在动词 suggest, order, demand, propose, request, insist, require, desire 等等 后的宾语从句中，后的宾语从句中， 用虚拟语气（即用虚拟语气（即 should + 动词原形）来表示愿望，建议，动词原形）来表示愿望，建议， 命令，请求等。命令，请求等。 常见动词： 一个坚持坚持：insist（坚持要求）（坚持要求） 两个命令命令：order, command 三个建议建议：advise, suggest, propose 四个要求：要求：demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用 should + Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy 9 动词原形，或者将 should 省略。 1). I suggest that we (should) set off at once. 2). They requested that we (should) send a delegation to their country. 3). The doctor suggested that she (should) not smoke. 4). He insisted that she (should) go first. 2wish (that) + subject + a past tense（与现在事实相反）（与现在事实相反） 1). I wish I were as strong as you. 2). I wish every day were my birthday. 3. wish (that) + subject + past perfect（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反） 1). I wish you had told me earlier. 2). I wish / wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon. 3). The party was awful, I wish I had never gone to it. 4. wish (that) +subject + would 将来不大可能实现的愿望将来不大可能实现的愿望 1). I wish it would rain tomorrow. 2). I wish you would succeed this time. 3). I wish you could fly back to me. 三三 虚拟语气在其他名词性从句中的运用虚拟语气在其他名词性从句中的运用 It is desired that It is suggested that It is required that It is demanded that It was ordered that + should+ It was proposed that It is important/essential/ necessarythat It is a pity/ a shame/strange that 1). It is demanded that energy should be saved. 2). It is important that he should study English before going abroad. 3). It is a great pity that he should be always careless. 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名称后的表语从句，同位语从 句句中 1). Our suggestion is that you (should) be the first to go. 2). My advice is that we (should) send for Doctor Li 3). Do you know the order that you (should) keep watch? 注意注意 It is (high) time that you were to bed. I would rather you came to see me tomorrow. would rather that - 现在：过去时 were / did 过去：过去完成时 had done 未来：过去时 were / did Its (about/high) time +that -过去时过去时 / should +V. 10 Its high time that you went. Its high time that you should go. 四虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用四虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用 以 as if，as though 引起的状语从句，其谓语形式与 wish 后的宾语从句相同。 as if /though + 从句 现在：过去时 过去：过去完成时过去：过去完成时 She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. 注意注意:从句情况如果很有可能发生从句情况如果很有可能发生,也可用陈述语气也可用陈述语气 导学案导学案 4 Vocabulary and Reading 64-66 目标 To learn something about Cloning and DNA To summarize the main idea of the passage. To use the language points correctly. Task1: phrases: 从课文中找到相应的单词或短语从课文中找到相应的单词或短语 1. Its certainly true that 2. the structure of the acid DNA 酸性 DNA 结构 3. A transparent twisting ladder 透明的双螺旋结构 4. The fundamental components of life 生命的基本元素 5. The results of growing pea plants 种植豌豆的结果 6. The genetic make-up of the new plant 子代（下一代）的基因结构 7. a procedure to use enzymes 用酶的程序 8. Unzip the DNA 解开 DNA 9. cut out a sequence of genes 截取一系列的基因片段 10. insert them into the host cell 把它们植入主细胞 11. combinewith be combined with 12. be identical to 和一样，与一致 13. Its certain that 14. valid reasons 15. offer cloning as an optional treatment for couples 为夫妇提供作为选择性治疗的（克隆） 16. find it difficult to do sth. 17. under unknown psychological pressure 在未知的心理压力下 18. reproduce the talents of exceptional human beings 复制非凡的天才 19. obtain a supply of stem cells 获取大量的干细胞 20. recover from a disease 从疾病中恢复 Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy 11 21. repair human tissue 修复人体组织 22. what is clear is that 23. some voluntary code 一些不成文的法规 24. compulsory government regulations 强制性的政府条例 25. be handy to clone 克隆很方便 26. resist bacteria or disease 抵御细菌和疾病 27. rely on 依靠，依赖 28. restrict the biodiversity of the breed 限制了生物品种的多样性。 29. research into / about / on 对的研究 二 . 重难点 1. optional adj. 可选择的，随意的 option n. 选择，选择权 compulsory adj. 强制的 学校里既有必修课，又有选修课。 _ 2. resist v. 1). 抵抗；抵制；使不受的伤害 resist sth. 抵制 反抗使不受的伤害 resist doing sth. 抵制做某事 叛军与警察对抗。The rebel army resisted the police. The laborers prepared to resist and to overthrow this Government. 2). 意为“抵御；阻止；抗；耐”。如： For months the company has resisted changing its accounts system. 这种金属是防锈的_ 3). 意为“经得住；不屈从”, 常用于否定句。如： Jill couldnt resist making jokes about his boldness. . 她看到甜食就想吃。_ 4). resist sth. 抵制 的诱惑 resist doing sth. 抵制做某事的诱惑 cant resist (doing) sth. 无法抗拒做某事的诱惑；忍不住做某事 resist the temptation 抵制诱惑 resist arrest 拒捕 词汇拓展 resistance n. （不可数）抵抗，对抗；反对, 抵抗力, 阻力 (与 to 连用) The firm has to overcome its resistance to new technology. 这家公司必须克服对采用新技术的阻力。 resistant adj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的 The seedlings are resistant to cold weather. 这些秧苗有抗寒力。 3. rely on / upon 依靠；依赖；指望，信任；信赖 12 rely on/ upon sb. to do sth. =rely on sb.s doing sth. 依靠某人做某事 rely on/ upon sb./ sth. (for sth.) 依靠某人/ 某物（做某事） rely on sb. = trust sb.信赖某人 rely on sth. = depend on sth. 依靠某事 rely on it that 相信， 指望 你放心好了， 他会开车来接你。 _ The success of the project _ on everyone making an effort. A. works B. gets C. relies D. takes 4. identical 1) 同一的；同样的. 我们双方对应当怎么办的看法是一致的。 _ 2) (常与 with 连用) 完全相同的 我的意见和他的意见相同。 _ be identical to 与完全相同 be identical in 在方面是相同的 the identical = the same This picture is identical to the one my mother has. This is the identical room we stayed in last year. (这是我们去年住过的同一间房间) 联想： 在方面与相似 be similar toin resemble sb. in identically adv. identical twin 长相酷似的双胞胎之一 identify v. identify sb / sth as sb / sth identify sth with sth 认为某事物与某事物等同 She identified the man as her brother. 她把那个男人认成了他的兄弟。 幸福和财富不能混为一谈。_ 导学案导学案 5 Reading Practice 67-68 斯蒂芬.斯皮尔伯格(Steven Spielberg) “电影奇才”作品： 辛德勒名单 大白鲨 E.T. 侏罗纪公园 Task2: 从课文中找到相应的单词或短语 phrases: 1. sci-fi adventure film 科幻历险片/电影 2. eccentric millionaire 行为古怪的百万富翁 3. his new amusement park 他的新游乐场 Module 5 Cloning Edited by Cathy 13 4. open to public 对公众开放 5. prehistoric mosquitoes 史前蚊子 6. accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，陪 accompany sb. to 陪某人去 be accompanied by 由某人陪伴 7. on a tour 观光，旅行 8. computer-controlled cars 电脑控制的车 9. a tropical storm hits the island 热带风暴 10. knock out the power supply 摧毁能源供应 11. destroy the security system 破坏安全系统 12. steal dinosaur embryos 偷出恐龙胚胎 13. get out of control 摆脱控制 14. a preserved mosquito 一个被保存的蚊子 15. as far as we know 16. mosquitoes that old 那么久的蚊子 17. absorb sb.s attention 吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 18. There is no way of knowing 无法知道 19. There is nothing to compare the new sample with 无法与新的样本进行比较 20. intact adj. 完好无损的，完整的 21. extinction 灭绝 22. break down 分解 23. repair itself 自我修复 24. arise （问题、困难等）发生，出现 raise a baby dinosaur 养育一个小恐龙 26. the diets of dinosaur 27. protect from 28. vice versa 反过来也一样，反之亦然 29. raise ethical and human rights issues 带来道德和人权问题 30. be ready for sth. 准备做某事 31. bring back to life 使复活 32. in the era of dinosaurs 在恐龙时代 33. find difficulty (in )doing sth. 发现做某事有困难 二 . 重难点 1). accompany v. 陪伴，陪同 She accompanied her friend to the concert. accompany sb. to some place accompany sb. home 她陪我去看了医生。_ 请陪我去故乡走一走。_ 14 2) 伴随 雷声常常伴随着闪电而来。_ 3) 伴奏 玛丽唱歌，我弹琴给她伴奏。_ company n. 陪伴，友情 keep sb. company People are judged by the company they keep. 2. knock out 摧毁 e.g. O