外交学院硕士研究生入学考试专业课样题《二外英语》(代码248)-新祥旭考研辅导

外交学院硕士研究生入学考试专业课样题 二外英语 （代码 248） Part I. Multiple Choices (20%, 1 point each) Section A Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. 1 Our plan for a picnic was ruined by the unexpected rain; we _ stay on campus. A couldnt help B couldnt help but to C would prefer D might as well 2 Had Paul received six more votes in the last elections, he _ our chairman now. A must have been B would have been C were D would be 3 _ the great inventions, he remained very modest and gave all the credit to his colleagues and played down his own part in it. A To speak of B Speaking of C Spoken of D Having spoken of 4 As long as we are alive, we are learning and, in fact, some of our most important learning takes place outside of school _ in school. A other than B more than C rather thanD better than 5 The manager of the opera house has directed that late arrivals _ at the door until the intermission. A be made to wait B were made waiting C are made to wait D should be made waiting 6 Cultural values can be defined as assumptions _ is right or wrong shared by the members of a society. A about whichever B concerning whatever C on which D as to what 7 What do we live for _ life less difficult for each other? A if not to make B unless making C as long as to make D even if making 8 Once acquired, a habit becomes nearly automatic. _ our capacity to acquire automatic responses, humans would be unable to compete successfully in the struggle for existence. A Was it not with B Were it not for C If it were for D If it were not with 9 Some scientists think that trial-and-error methods help to show how intelligent _. A is an animal B will an animal be C an animal is D an animal will be 10 _, women are better able to handle stress than men. A Strange as it may seem B As strange it may seem C It may seem as strange D May it seem as strange Section B Directions: In this section, you are required to select the one word or phrase that would best match the meaning of the underlined part in the original sentence. 11 Before the advent of synthetic fibers, people had to rely entirely on natural products for making fabrics A modern B flexible C colored D artificial 12 High in the sky a number of birds was flying southward. A pack B crowd C flock D herd 13 Calipers are instruments that can be used to gauge the distance between two surfaces. A create B measure C fill D enclose 14 Most doctors were dubious about the effectiveness of the new medicine. A anxious B pessimistic C doubtful D ignorant 15 We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for his judgment is always sound. A unmistakable B unreasonable C unquestionable D healthy 16 Louis looked solemnly at the people around him. A slowly B weakly C happily D seriously 17 Despite dangers and difficulties, the soldiers were resolute. A uncomplaining B untiring C well-disciplined D determined 18 The professor tried to stimulate interest in archaeology by taking his students on expeditions. A simulate B fake C encourage D diminish 19 It provides an objective, unbiased, factual and accurate service. A prompt B impeccable C impartial D efficient 20 The Civil War in 1863 cut the United States into two nations a southern Confederacy and a northern Union. A severed B acknowledged C integrated D alienated Part II. Cloze (15%, 1 point each) Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D below the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. 外交学院考研辅导第一品牌 In 1915 Einstein made a trip to Gattingen to give some lectures at the invitation of the mathematical physicist David Hilbert. He was particularly eagertoo eager, it would turn (21) _to explain all the intricacies of relativity to him. The visit was a triumph, and he said to a friend excitedly. “I was able to (22) _ Hilbert of the general theory of relativity.”(23) _ all of Einsteins personal turmoil at the time, a new scientific anxiety was about to (24) _. He was struggling to find the right equations that would (25) _ his new concept of gravity, ones that would define how objects move (26) _ space and how space is curved by objects. By the end of the summer, he realized the mathematical approach he had been pursuing for almost three years was flawed. And now there was a (27) _ pressure. Einstein discovered to his (28) _ that Hilbert had taken what he had lectured and was racing to come up (29) _ the correct equations first. It was an enormously complex task. Although Einstein was the better physicist, Hilbert was the better mathematician. So in October 1915, Einstein (30) _ himself into a month-long- frantic endeavor in (31) _ he returned to an earlier mathematical strategy and wrestled with equations, proofs, corrections and updates that he rushed to give as lectures to Berlins Prussian Academy of Sciences on four (32) _ Thursdays. His first lecture was delivered on Nov.4.1915, and it explained his new approach. To his (33) _ he admitted he did not yet have the precise mathematical formulation of it. Einstein also took time off from (34) _ revising his equations to engage in an awkward fandango with his competitor Hilbert. Worried about being scooped, he sent Hilbert a copy of his Nov.4 lecture. “I am (35) _ to know whether you will take kindly to this new solution,” Einstein noted with a touch of defensiveness. 21 A up B over C out D off 22 A convince B on counsel C persuade D preach 23 A Above B Around C Amid D Along 24 A emit B emerge C submit D submerge 25 A imitate B ignite C describe D ascribe 26 A into B beyond C among D through 27 A complex B compatible C comparative D competitive 28 A humor B horror C excitementD extinction 29 A to B for C with D against 30 A threw B thrust C huddled D hopped 31 A how B that C what D which 32 A successive B progressive C extensive Drepetitive 33 A subordinates B coordinates C followers D clients 34 A casually B coarsely Cviolently Dfuriously 35 A curious B conscious C ambitious D ambiguous Part III. Reading Comprehension (30%) Section A Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. (20%, 1 point each) Passage One FAOs favorite myth used to be that the (fictitious 虚构的) protein gap was being rapidly closed by the new fisheries. While fish production has indeed tripled since 1945, an appalling 45 percent of the current catch goes to the rich nations as oil or meal for industry or farm animals. Of the world fishery catch which is eaten, only a quarter goes to the developing nations. Today the oceans are up for grabs and as more nations invest in distant-water fleets, the depressing history of stocks fished out of existence seems likely to be repeated many times. While a world catch of double the present level would probably be sustainable (mainly by exploiting squid and fish not eaten at present) the likelihood is that catches will in fact triple over the next decade, and fall disastrously after that. The world communitys failure to regulate whaling, in spite of the 1972 Stockholm environment conferences call for a ten-year moratorium, is a depressing omen. 36 In 1945, the world production of fish _. A was 45% of what it is today B was half its present level C went mostly as oil or meal for industry or farm animals D was only one-third of the present level 37 The international fishery situation today is that _. A there is a keen struggle to exploit the riches of the oceans B squid and some other species of fish have become extinct C many fish not previously eaten are now being caught D whaling is irregular 38 At the 1972 Stockholm conference _. A nations were called upon to stop catching whales for ten years, but this call was disregarded 外交学院考研辅导第一品牌 B the decision to protect whales was put off for ten years C a plan was put forward to help increase the catch of whales D solutions were found for the depressing problems of the whaling industry 39 The author gives the impression that he is _. A indifferent B optimistic C subjective D concerned 40 Which of the following titles best sums up the idea of the passage? A The Fish Myth. B The Fish Crisis. C Wasting Protein on Animals. D Fishing on the High Seas. Passage Two From the top of the famous Hyatt Regency Hotel in Atlanta, you will see a dramatic view of this beautiful citytoward south, the South Expressway leading to HartsfieldAtlanta International Airport, the second busiest airport in the country; in the foreground, Peachtree Street, a canyon of modern skyscrapers glass and steel. The tallest building in the skyline, the First National Bank Building is surrounded by other giantsthe New Trust Company Building, the Equitable Life Building, and the Peachtree Center, a complex that contains the largest merchandise mart in the South. Just beyond the business district, you will see the shining dome of the State Capitol Building, made of twenty-four-karat gold. To the right of the Capitol are rows of whit marble office buildings; further south is the Atlanta Stadium; and not quite out of sight is the Farmers Market, the largest wholesale fresh fruit and vegetable center in the South. 41 The dome of the State Capitol is made of _. A glass B steel C gold D marble 42 Which building is the tallest? _. A The Hyatt Regency Hotel B The First National Bank Building C The Peachtree Center D The State Capitol 43 Where is the largest merchandise mart in the South? _. A At the International Airport B At the Farmers Market C At the Peachtree Center D At the Hyatt Regency Hotel Passage Three The word horsepower was first used two hundred years ago. James Watt had made the worlds first widely used steam engine. He had no way of telling people exactly how powerful it was, for at that time there were no units for measuring power. Watt decided to find out how much work one strong horse could do in one minute. He called that unit one horsepower. With this unit he could measure the work his steam engine could do. He discovered that a horse could lift a 3300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute. His engine could lift a 3300-pound weight 100 feet in one minute. Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse, Watt called it a ten horsepower engine. 44 The selection says that Watt made the first_. A engine B steam engine C widely used steam engine D useful engine 45 Watt wanted to find a way to _. A measure the work his engine could do B tell people how powerful his engine was C lift a 3300-pound weight D Both A and B 46 He made up a unit of measurement based on the strength of _. A a man B ten horses C his engine D a horse 47 The best title for this selection is _. A Watts Engine B The Origin of the Term Horsepower C Units of Measurement D It happened 200 years ago Passage Four The modern sailing ship was developed by a man who never went to sea. He was Prince Henry of Portugal, the younger son of the Portuguese king and an English princess. Prince Henry lived in the 15th century. As a boy he became devoted to the sea, and he dedicated himself to improving the design of ships and the methods of sailing them. In 1416, when he was 22, Henry founded a school for mariners, to which he invited everyone who could help him Jewish astronomers, Italian and Spanish sailors, and Arab mathematicians and map makers who knew how to use the crude compass of the day and could improve it. Henrys goal was to design and equip vessels that would be capable of making long ocean voyages without having to keep close to the shore. The caravel, which he helped design, carried 外交学院考研辅导第一品牌 more sails and was longer and slimmer than any ship them made, yet was tough enough to stand up against gales at sea. He also developed the carrack, which was a slower ship, but one that was capable of carrying more cargo. The world owes credit to Prince Henry for the development of craft that made oceanic exploration possible. He lives in history as Henry the Navigator. 48 Prince Henry started his school for the purpose of _. A helping mariners B improving ship design and sailing methods C studying astronomy and mathematics D improving his own skill as a sailor 49 The teachers in Prince Henrys school seem to have been _. A members of the royal family B astronomers, sailors and map makers C shipbuilders D All of the above 50 Prince Henrys principal achievement was that of _. A making oceanic exploration possible B improving the compass C founding a school for mariners D building ocean-going vessels 51 Compared with his caravel, Henrys carrack was _. A longer and slimmer B able to carry more sails C able to carry more cargo D shorter Passage Five A Career in Banking? Salary $2,400 rising to $ 4,8000 after 7 years. In service training. Special 1 month course in New York after 1 years service. Low interest loans for house purchasers with no minimum service requirement. Satisfactory experience in all departments leads to automatic consideration for deputy managers post. Free medical insurance after 3 months service. 52 According to this advertisement, the average pay raised each year will be about _. A $310 B $320 C $330 D $340 53 If the applicant is accepted, he will have the opportunity to _. A attend a full-time course in New York first B study while working C apply to the deputy manager for in-service training D take a special one-month course after 3 months service 54 Which of the following statements is true? _. A From the first day one works for the bank, one is entitled to enjoy a free medical insurance B The medical treatment provided by the bank is generally satisfactory C One would have to pay for ones medical treatment until one has worked in the bank for three months. D The new employee will be granted for free medical insurance from the very beginning of his employment 55 If a new employee of the bank wants to apply for low interest loans for their house purchase, he or she _. A has to work for the bank at least for 3 months B has to pass the in-service training C has to get the post of deputy manager D can have it without special requirement Section B Directions: Complete the summary of the following passage. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from this passage for each answer. (10%, 1 point each) Unusual incidents are being reported across the Arctic. Inuit(因纽特人)families going off on snowmobiles to prepare their summer hunting camps have found themselves cut off from home by a sea of mud, following early thaws(融雪) .There are also reports of igloos (冰屋)losing their insulating properties as the snow drips and refreezes, of lakes draining into the sea as permafrost（冻土） melts, and sea ice breaking up earlier than usual, carrying seals beyond the reach of hunters. Climate change may still be a rather abstract idea to most of us, but in the Arctic it is already having dramatic effectsif summertime ice continues to shrink at its present rate, the Arctic Ocean could soon become virtually ice-free in summer. The knockon effects are likely to include more warming, cloudier skies, and higher sea levels. Scientists are increasingly eager to find out whats going on because they consider the Arctic the canary in the mine for global warminga warning of whats in store for the rest of the world. For the Inuit the problem is urgent. They live in precarious balance with one of the toughest environments on earth. Climate change, whatever its causes, is a direct threat to their way of life. Nobody knows the Arctic as well as the locals, which is why they are not content simply to stand back and let outsider experts tell them whats happening. In Canada, where the Inuit people are trying hard to guard their hard-won autonomy in the countrys newest territory, Nunavut, they believe their best hope of survival in this changing environment lies in combining their ancestral knowledge with the best of modern science. This is challenge in itself. The Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert thats covered with snow for most of the year. Venture into this area and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyone who calls this home. Farming is out of the question and nature offers few pickings. Humans first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago, surviving by exploiting sea mammals and fish. The environment tested them to the limits: sometimes the colonists were successful, sometimes they failed and vanished. But around a thousand years ago, one group emerged that was uniquely well adapted to deal with 外交学院考研辅导第一品牌 the Arctic environment. These Thule people moved in from Alaska, bringing kayaks, sleds, dogs, pottery and iron tools. They are the ancestors of todays Inuit people. Life for the descendants of the Thule people is still harsh. Nunavut is 1.9 million square kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole. Its currently home to 2.500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous Inuit. Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic(游牧的 ) ways and settled in the territorys 28 isolated communities, but they still rel