上海市曹阳中学2016-2017学年高三第一学期期中考试英语试题

上海市曹杨中学 2016 学年第一学期期中质量调研 高三年级英语试卷 II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. The common cold is the worlds most widespread illness, which is a serious infection that man receives. 21_(widespread) mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses 22_(pass) on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in separated Arctic (北极的) areas, explorers have reported being free from colds 23_ touching again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail 24_(drop) from airplanes. During the First World War, soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches, cold and wet, seldom caught colds. In the Second World War, prisoners at the Notorious Auschwitz Concentration Camp were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments 25_ they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a room. Some wore wet socks all day 26_ others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion.Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold 27_ a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose. If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? 28_ the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on. No one 29_(find) a cure for the cold so far. There are drugs and pain-killers 30_ _ aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. neglected B. surrounding C. peers D. achieving E. credited F. debated G. adolescence H.genetics I. unique J.concerning K. universally The area of child psychology is one of the most significant and well studied of all the branches of psychology. It aims to help with _31_ a greater understanding of the behavior of children through an understanding of their minds. It deals with children who range from the prenatal(出生前的)stage right up to the stage of _32_. The psychologist Jean Piaget (1896-1980) has been _33_ with making a major breakthrough in this area when he put forward his idea that children were not actually less intelligent than adults, rather they just thought in a different way. Preciously the development of children right from birth through to adulthood was an area that was almost completely _34_. In fact very little work was done in this area. However, interest in this field has now developed to the point of being one of the most _35_ of all the areas of psychology. Despite popular belief that factors such as _36_ or personal characteristics are the only determining factors that influence a youths behavior, this is not in fact the case. In reality, development actually includes many more factors than those contained within an individual. Factors such as environment, which can include social relationships and the _37_ culture, also play important roles. Relationships with both _38_ and adults will no doubt affect how children think and learn, and therefore develop. These relationships can include those that are found not only within families but also in schools and peer groups. Culturally speaking, this factor will contribute greatly to how children develop their personality _39_ the values they end up holding (perhaps for a lifetime) as well as how they view such things as traditions and customs. Nowadays, psychologists have agreed that a childs psychology is both _40_ and highly complex. However, there are debates on many different points in this field and many viewpoints exist. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. With the sudden urge for social engagements in the modern world, many events and activities are being promoted to attract teens and adults. While adults feel out of place in a space filled with younger aged teens, often times, teens find themselves having to _41_ between two extremes being presented by the society. Either teens decide to attend these events and are heavily pressured to “take just one sip”, or _42_ in the popular act of drinking. Promoters have become so eager to have a successful event that the age of teenagers is totally disregarded. The legal drinking age is currently eighteen, but illegally drinking age is as low as zero. Most people have their first drink by the time theyre 13. Unbelievably, that first drink can be the _43_ of a troubled life. A few reasons for teens drinking are peer pressure, enjoyment, _44_, sadness, boredom, rebellion and insomnia. But the main reason for doing so is “to _45_ the law.” Teenagers become _46_ with alcoholic beverages from the moment they enter high school. That means that a large quantity of teens under the age of seventeen to eighteen have used alcohol before. Teens feel as though drinking before the legal age is a big deal, so they all try to _47_the rest of the legal society. Being a _48_ and not following the rules is an important role of a teens life, though no one wants to face the consequences of being an adult. Despite the fact that is illegal for young teens to purchase alcohol, they are able to get it through their parents own liquor cabinets, _49_ store clerks, or older friends who purchase it for them. As we all see, it is not hard for teens to obtain alcohol. Since there seems to be no elimination of under aged teen drinking in society, why then not just _50_ the drinking age? Drinking can make teens “feel good”, but this feeling lasts only for a short time. Teenagers on shows like “Gossip Girl” get drunk regularly, but those shows rarely _51_ the problems alcohol can cause. Teenagers often think that drinking will give you more energy, but _52_ isnt an energy drink; its a depressant. Alcohol _53_ damages the brain and body, and for this to happen at a very young age, is saddening. Drinking stimulates poorly made decisions by tens, and _54_, many teens end up pregnant, dropping out of school. They may even get hurt or _55_ in severe accidents caused by their being drunk. 41 Acause Bchoose Cavoid Dwitness 42 Apick up Bdeal with Cfight against Dengage in 43 Aexcuse Bstart Csymbol Dmeaning 44 Aanxiety Bdisorder Cimitation Dlifestyle 45 Aobserve Bresist Cbreak Dinvent 46 Abusy Bcontent Chonest Dfamiliar 47 AFit in with BMake up for CCatch up with DHold on to 48 Afollower Bsupporter Clawyer Drebel 49 Aillegal Birresponsible Cforgetful Dunsatisfactory 50 Areport Blower Craise Deliminate 51 Asolve Bblame Cexplore Dassume 52 Awater Bwine Cliquor Dalcohol 53 Aconstantly Bactually Cexactly Dunexpectedly 54 AAs a result BIn return COn the contrary DAfter all 55 Aarrested Bcheated Cdisturbed Dkilled Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Once upon a time it was boarding school adventures and mysteries solved by tweed- wearing detectives that fired young readers imaginations. Now, it seems that it is the promise of tales of blood sucking vampires, unstoppable zombies, howling werewolves and terrifying beasts that inspires young audiences to pick up a book. Teen horror is a genre that seems to be going from strength to strength, with titles like The Demonata and The Saga of Larten Crepsey by Irish born writer, Darren Shan, topping the charts. Indeed Darren Shans success has earned him the title of “Master of Childrens Horror” and his books, which also include The Thin Executioner and the vampire series The Saga of Darren Shan, have sold more than 20 million copies worldwide. But what is it about horror fiction that so appeals to young readers, and just how scary do they like it? “I think horror allows teenagers to focus on real-life issues in a fantastical way, helping them analyse and make sense of the world as they are coming to a greater understanding of it,” says Darren. “In my book, Lord Loss, the main characters parents and sister are slaughtered by demons. While thats obviously not going to happen to anyone in the real world, many children will lose people they love during their formative years, whether its grandparents dying of old age, or friends or relatives in accidents. A book like this can hopefully help them prepare for when death strikes at them in real life. Good horror is always about helping us prepare for the darker aspects of life and since we cant avoid them, we might as well turn them into entertainment!” Darren tours frequently, attending events in schools and libraries, and talking to young readers helps him gauge what they can and cant take in terms of frightening content. He explains: “When Im writing an especially terrible scene, I imagine myself reading it out in a live environment, and ask myself if I would feel comfortable doing so. If not, Ill go back and tweak the scene. I have no set formula for deciding what is suitable and what is not. I simply go with my gut instinct.” 56. What is the point of the article? A. To recommend some popular horror books. B. To analyze why horror fiction fascinates young people. C. To explore how horror fiction benefits young readers. D. To introduce how Darren creates horror books. 57. The underlined phrase “going from strength to strength” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _. A. becoming increasingly successful B. improving imagination C. getting darker and scarier D. failing to attract attention 58. Darren Shan thinks that his books interest young people because _. A. they are exciting and inspiring B. they are about the darker aspects of life C. they deal with real-life issues in a fanciful way D. they teach people how to deal with real-life problems 59. What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A. Teenagers feel comfortable with Darrens imagination. B. The more frightening a book is, the better it sells. C. Darren visits schools from time to time to promote his books. D. Darren sometimes changes his stories to make them less scary. (B) Cinema Ticket Solutions Boost business on the big screen At EVENT Cinemas we offer a fantastic rate for bulk (大批的) ticket purchases, which are good for businesses, social clubs and large groups. Movie tickets are great for promotions, so why not buy in bulk and save? Tap into the power of cinema for all your promotional needs: Increase your customers average order size Reward them for early payment Reward and encourage your staff Provide extra rewards for your sales team Great for social clubs! We offer our discounts on bulk ticket purchases of 100 tickets or more, so let the big screen boost your business and ask now with our Corporate Sales team. Gift Cards the perfect gift Everyone loves movies, so our Gift Cards are a great way to reward your customers or high achievers. Theres a selection of attractive gift packs featuring famous films quotes, and the cards can be charged with a cash amount you choose. They can use them on tickets, Gold Class, and even sweets and popcorn! Minimum charge $15, maximum $1000. Valid for use at all EVENT Cinemas, Gold Class, Cinema Deluxe and Rialto Cinemas. Minimum purchase 50 Gift Cards. Candy Combo Coupons Want them hungry for more? Add the extra touch to your Movie Money gift by giving combo coupons. The receiver gets the choice of any two items from our selection: small popcorn, small soft drink or a choc-top ice cream. Perfect taste. Weve got great offers on bulk purchases, so ask us about it now. Valid for 12 months from date of purchase. Valid for use at all EVENT Cinemas and Rialto Cinemas. The smallest quantity of purchase 100 coupons. 60. Which of the following groups is the advertisement NOT intended for? A. Social clubs. B. Businesses. C. Families. D. Large groups. 61. What advantages do you get from having one of the Gift Cards? a. You get further discount on bulk purchases. b. Your card is preloaded with a certain amount of cash. c. You get the best discounts among the three promotions. d. The cards can be used in many cinemas. A. a, b B. b, c C. c, d D. b, d 62. What do the three promotions have in common? A. They all have a minimum purchase. B. They are all valid for 12 months. C. They all need to be ordered ahead of time. D. They can all be used on tickets and food 63. In which of the following circumstances may a firm owner NOT consider bulk ticket purchases? A. His customers usually dont place big orders. B. He hopes to be admitted into a social club soon. C. He hopes his customers will always pay in time. D. His sales staff cooperate well and perform perfectly. (C) Are we getting more stupid? According to Gerald Crabtree, a scientist at Stanford University in the US, we are. You may not want to hear this, but Crabtree believes that human intelligence reached its peak more than 2,000 years ago and ever since then has been going downhill. “If an average Greek from 1,000 BC were transported to modern times, he or she would be one of the brightest among us,” Crabtree told The Guardian. At the heart of Crabtrees thinking is a simple idea. In the past, intelligence was critical for survival when our ancestors had to avoid dangerous animals and hunt for food. The difference of being smart or stupid is often life or death. However, after the spread of agriculture, when our ancestors began to live in dense farming communities, the need to keep their intelligence in peak condition gradually reduced. This is not hard to understand. Most of the time, pressure is what keeps us going you need the pressure from your teachers to finish your homework; the pressure of looking pretty prompts you to lose weight when summer comes. And the same is also true of our intelligence if we think less, we become less smart. These mutations(变异) are harmful to our intelligence and they were all developed in the past 3,000 years. The other evidence that Crabtree holds is in our genes. He found that among the 2,000 to 5,000 genes that we have that determine human intelligence, there are two or more mutations in each of us. However, Crabtrees theory has been criticized by some who say that early humans may have better hunting and surviving abilities, but people today have developed a more diverse intelligence. For example, spearing a tiger doesnt necessarily require more brainpower than playing chess or writing a poem. Moreover, the power of modern education means a lot more people have the opportunity to learn nowadays. “You wouldnt get Stephen Hawking 2,000 years ago. He just wouldnt exist,” Thomas Hills of the University of Warwick, UK, told Live Science. “But now we have people of his intellectual capacity doing things and making insights that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation.” 64. What is Crabtrees recent finding according to the article? AThe Greeks from 1,000 BC could have been the smartest in human history. B. Our ancient ancestors had no better surviving abilities than we do nowadays. C. Mutations in genes that decide human intelligence have affected the development of intelligence. D. Humans have been getting steadily more intelligent since the invention of farming. 65. According to Crabtree, ancient humans _. A. had much more genes that determine human intelligence B. were forced to be smart due to natural selection pressures C. relied more on group intelligence than individual intelligence D. developed a diverse intelligence to adapt to the harsh realities 66. Some argue that Crabtrees theory is false because they think _. A. people today are under much more pressure than early humans B. its ridiculous to compare a hunters and a poets intelligence C. modern education is far more advanced than ancient education D. human intelligence nowadays is different from that of the distant past 67. What is Thomas Hills attitude toward Crabtrees theory? A. Supportive B. Unfavourable C. Worried D. Confused. Section C Directions: Read the following passage and fill in each blank with the sentence that best fits the context. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A.Many adults also like to play Second Life. B.To play Second Life a computer user signs up at the Second Life Web site. C.In some ways the imaginary world is like the real world. D.You can get your first Second Life account for free. E. By playing the game, some people want to get out of the real world. F. How many people do you think play Second Life? Second Life is an o