上海师范大学管理学b卷

上海师范大学标准试卷 2007 2008 学年 第一学期 考试日期 2008 年 月 日 科目 MANAGEMENT （B 卷） 专业 本、专科 年级 班 姓名 学号 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 总分 我承诺，遵守上海师范大学考场规则 ，诚信考试。 签名：_ ITrue/False Questions 20% (1x20) 1. One assumption of rationality is that we cannot know all of the alternatives. 2. Managers regularly use their intuition in decision making. 3. Most managerial decisions in the real world are fully nonprogrammed. 4. Risk is the condition in which the decision maker is able to estimate the likelihood of certain outcomes. 5. The BCG matrix evaluates SBUs to identify which SBUs offer high potential and which drain organizational resources. 6. According to Porters competitive strategies framework, the cost leadership strategy would result in the best quality product at a justifiable cost. 7. The concept of work specialization can be traced back a couple of centuries to Adam Smiths discussion of division of labor. 8. Grouping jobs on the basis of product or customer flow is termed customer departmentalization. 9. A group of individuals who are experts in various specialties and who work together is a cross-functional team. 10. Responsibility is the rights inherent in a managerial position. 11. In the last 35 years, there has been a trend of organizations moving toward increased decentralization. 12. An organic organization tends to be characterized by high specialization, extensive departmentalization, narrow spans of control, high formalization, a limited information network, and little participation in decision making by low-level employees. 13. During the communication process, the message is converted to symbolic form, called encoding. 14. The final link in the communication process is feedback. 15. Listening for full meaning without making premature judgments or interpretations is called passive listening. 2 16. Based on McClellands three-needs theory, high achievers perform best when the odds are against them. 17. People with a high need for affiliation prefer cooperative situations to competitive ones. 18. Reinforcement theory is related to an individuals belief that he or she is capable of performing a task. 19. The lower a persons self-efficacy, the more confidence he/she has in his/her ability to succeed in a task. 20. According to equity theory, a person who earns $50,000 will be less satisfied with his/her pay than a person who earns $100,000. II. Multiple Choice 20% （1x20） 1. To determine the _, a manager must determine what is relevant or important to resolving the problem. a. geocentric behavior needed b. number of allowable alternatives c. weighting of decision criteria d. decision criteria 2. It is assumed that a perfectly rational decision maker _. a. does not follow rational assumptions b. does not consider value maximizing as an objective c. offers inconsistent decisions d. would be objective and logical 3. Managers can make rational decisions if _. a. the costs of finding and evaluating alternatives is low b. the organizational culture does not encourage risk taking c. outcomes are concrete and measurable d. a and c 4. The type of decision making in which the solution is considered “good enough” is known as which of the following? a. intuition b. rationalization c. maximizing d. satisficing 5. Intuitive decision making is _. a. not utilized in organizations b. a conscious process based on accumulated judgment c. making decisions based on experience, feelings, and accumulated judgment d. important in supporting escalation of commitment 6. An example of a core competence of a firm is _. a. an ability to serve the needs of a particular target market on a large scale b. communicating with customers in their own languages worldwide c. developing least-squared exemptions within its accounting system d. only a and b are true 7. The third step in strategic management is identification of strengths and weaknesses and is related to analysis of _. a. the external environment b. the internal environment 商学院 第 页 共 6 页 3 c. the alternatives the firm faces d. time pressures involved in serving the customer 8. The merging of the analyses of internal and external factors influencing the organizations strategy is known as _. a. complete studies b. organizational behavior and theory c. definitional analysis d. SWOT analysis 9. When an organization is analyzing its labor supply, it is studying its _. a. organizational culture b. internal environment c. external environment d. organizational structure 10. In the strategic management process, any organizational skills or resources that are exceptional or unique are the organizations _. a. strength basis b. opportunities c. core competencies d. skill niches 11. Which statement accurately defines work specialization? a. the degree to which tasks are divided into separate jobs b. individual employees specialize in doing part of an activity rather than the entire activity c. jobs are ranked relative only to their worth or value to the businesses d. a and b 12. Sales responsibilities divided into the Southwest, Midwest, southern, northern, and western regions would be an example of what type of departmentalization? a. product b. geographic c. process d. outcome 13. What kind of departmentalization would be in place in a government organization where different public service responsibilities are divided into activities for employers, children, and the disabled? a. product b. geographic c. outcome d. customer 14. Functional departmentalization groups jobs by _. a. tasks they perform b. territories they serve c. products or services they manufacture or produce d. type of customer they serve 15. In describing the degree to which tasks in an organization are divided into separate jobs, managers use the term _. a. work specialization b. departmentalization c. chain of command d. span of control 16. _ departmentalization is based on the product or customer flow through the organization. a. Product b. Functional c. Process d. Organizational structure 17. By definition, noise _. a. does not exist if communications are completed b. disrupts to the point that it makes communicating improbable c. has to be noisy d. is disturbances that interfere with the transmission, receipt, or feedback of a message 18. _ is the actual physical product encoded by the source. 4 a. An idea b. A message c. A written note d. A hand signal 19. According to Maslow, an employee who has a need for more self-respect has unmet _. a. physiological needs b. safety needs c. social needs d. esteem needs 20. Herzbergs theory of motivation was based on the question, _ a. What is satisfaction in a job? b. Just who is my boss? c. Will I receive justice in awarding pay? d. What do people want from their jobs? III Answer following questions 40% （8X5） 1. Describe the steps in the strategic management process. 2. Define communication and explain the process of interpersonal communication. 3. Explain how managers can overcome the barriers to effective interpersonal communication. 4. How can managers actively listen? 5. Describe three early theories and six contemporary of motivation theories. IV Translate following paragraphs into Chinese 20% (10X2) 1. The great English economist Alfred Marshall(1842-1924) invented many of the tools of modern economics, but he was most concerned with the application of these tools to the problems of society. In his inaugural lecture, Marshall wrote: It will be my most cherished ambition to increase the numbers who Cambridge University sends out into the world with cool heads but warm hearts, willing to give some of their best powers to grappling with the social suffering around them; resolved not to rest content till they have opened up to all the material means of a refined and noble life. 2. THE GLOBAL COMPACT HUMAN RIGHTS Principle 1: Support and respect the protection of international human rights within their sphere of influence Principle 2: Make sure business corporations are not complicit in human rights abuses. LABOR STANDARDS Principle 3 Freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining. Principle 4 The elimination of all forms of forced and compulsory labor. Principle 5 The effective abolition of child labor Principle 6 The elimination of discrimination in respect of employment