2015年12月四级翻译练习试题及解析

英语四级复习资料 段落翻译 汪 全 2015 年 12月英语四级翻译 真题及答案 1. 云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。那里的生活节奏比大多数中国（的城 市）都要缓慢。丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样，丰 富多彩的文化让游客体验。历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名。当地人中流传着许多关 于（人）生，为爱而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天 堂。（paradise） Lijiang， an ancient town of Yunnan Province， is one of the most famous tourist destinations 。 Its pace of life is slower than that of most cities of China。 There are many natural beauties e verywhere in Lijiang and many ethnical minorities provide tourists with a great variety of cultural experience。 Lijiang is also well-known as the “city of love” in history。 Many stories about life and dying for love have spreaded widely among the locals。 Nowadays， for tourists home and abroad， the ancient town is regarded as a paradise of love a nd romance。 2. 今年在长沙举行了一年一度的外国人汉语演讲比赛。这项比赛证明是促进中国和世界 其他地区文化交流的好方法。它为世界各地的年轻人提供了更好地了解中国的机会。来自 87 个国家共计 126 位选手聚集在湖南省省会参加了从 7 月 6 日到 8 月 5 日进行的半决赛和 决赛。比赛并不是唯一的活动。选手们还有机会参观了中国其他地区的著名景点和历史名 胜。 The annual Chinese language speech competition was held in Changsha this year。 This contest has been proved to be a good way to promote cultural communication between China and the r est of the world。 It provided a better chance to understand China for young people around the world。 A total of 126 contestants from 87countries gathered in the capital of Hunan Province a nd participated in the semi- final and final from July 6th to August 5th。 The competition was not the only activity。 Contest ants also had the opportunity to visit well- known scenic spots and historical sites in other parts of China。 3. 中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。他们对孩子的（唯一） 要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学。他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样 （竞争）激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明。中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在 社会上（取得）大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬。因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和 兴趣，为孩子（创造）更好的条件。 Chinese parents have frequently tended to pay too much attention to their childrens study， so that children don t help them do the housework。 Their only requirement for their children is to study hard， perf orm well in the exams， and go to a famous/prestigious university。 They believe it is good for t heir children， because in such a highly competitive society， only good results could ensure a p romising future。 Chinese parents also believe that parents will be honored if their children can achieve great success in society。 Therefore， they are willing to sacrifice their own time， hob bies and interests， to create much better conditions for children。 2015 年 6 月英语四级翻译真题及答案 1. 中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。构成现在世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。中国现 在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并经历着一次新的工业革命。中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太 空探索计划，其实包括到 2020 年建成一个太空站。目前，中国是世界上最大的出口国之一， 并正在吸引大量外国投资。同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。 2011 年，中国超越日本 成为第二大经济体。 China is one of the worlds oldest civilizations. Many elements which formed the basis of the modern world originated from China. Now, China has the worlds fastest growing economy, experiencing a new industrial revolution. It also has launched an ambitious space exploration plan, including to build a space station by 2020. At present, China is one of the worlds largest exporter, and is attracting a large number of foreign investment. At the same time, it also has invested billions of dollars abroad. In 2011, China overtook Japan and became the second largest economy. 2. 据报道，今年中国快递服务 (courier service)将递送大约 120 亿件包裹。这将使中国有可 能赶超美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国约有百 万在线零售商以及其竞争力的价格销售商品的机会，仅在 11 月 11 日，中国消费者就在国 内最大的购物平台买了价值 90 亿美元的商品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日，因此，快递 能在中国扩展就不足为奇了。 It is reported that Chinas Courier Service will deliver about 12 billion packages this year. Thus China might overtake the United States to become the worlds largest express market. Most of the packages are filled with items purchased online. There are millions of online retailers in China and provide competitive prices to sell goods. Only on Nov. 11 one day, Chinese consumers spend $9 billion on the largest shopping platform of the nation. China has many such special shopping days, therefore, there is no wonder Courier Service can express quickly in China. 3. 在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。长期以来，大米在中国人的 饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊 ”。中国南方大多数种植水 稻，人们通常以大米为食;而华北大部分地区因为过于寒冷或过于干燥，无法种植水稻，那 里的主要作物是小麦。在中国，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。 In the eyes of the western, the basic food closest to China is rice. Rice has long occupied so significant a position in the diet of Chinese that there is a proverb “ Even a clever housewife cannot cook a meal without rice”. Rice is grown mostly in southern China where people usually take rice as their staple food, while it cannot be planted in northern China where the climate is either too cold or too dry for rice to grow. As a result, the main crop in the north is wheat. In China, flour is sometimes the main ingredient for bread but more often used to make buns and noodles。 2014 年 12 月四级翻译真题参考答案 1. 越来越多的中国年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势。年轻游客数量的不断 增加，可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。随着旅行多了，年轻人 在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引，有些人甚至选择长 途背包旅行。最近调查显示，很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同的文化，丰富知识，拓展 视野。 More and more young people are interested in Chinese tourism, which is a new trend in recent years. Increasing number of young tourists, they can be attributed to the rapid increase of income and to explore the world outside of curiosity, with travel much, young people in big city and famous scenic spots to spend less time. Instead they are more attracted to a remote place. Some people even choose long backpacking trip. According to a recent survey, many young people who want to experience a different culture, travel through the rich knowledge, the development field of vision。 2. 大熊猫(giant panda)是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量稀少，大熊猫 已被列为濒危物种。大熊猫对于世界自然基金会(WWF)有着特殊的意义。自 1961 年该基金 会成立以来，大熊猫就一直是它的徽标。大熊猫是熊科中最稀有的成员，主要生活在中国 西南部的森林里。目前，世界上大约有 1000 只大熊猫。这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威 胁。因此，确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要。 Giant panda is a kind of tame animal with unique black and white fur. Because of the small numbers, panda is listed as endangered species. Panda has a special meaning toward the WWF. Since the founding of the fund in 1961, panda has been its symbol. Panda, which lives in the forest of the south-west of China, is the rarest in bear species. Nowadays, there are approximately 1000 pandas in the world. These animals whose food is mainly bamboo are under serious threat. Thus, the survival of panda is much more important than ever before。 3. 中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的，2010 年，中国约有 4.2 亿网民，而且人数还 在迅速增长。互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化。中国网民往往不同于美国网民。 美国网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使，用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、 规划旅程或付款。中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网，因而更广泛的使用论坛、博 客、聊天室等等。 The Chinese Internet communities are developing at the highest speed in the world. There were about 420 million netizens in China in 2010 and this number has been increasing rapidly. The growing popularity of the Internet brings about significant social changes. Chinese netizens are different from their American counterparts. The latter is more motivated by actual needs. They use Internet as tools of sending emails, purchasing goods, doing research, planning tours or making payments. Chinese netizens use Internet for social reasons. Therefore, Internet forums, blogs and chat rooms are more widely used。 4. 假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消 费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国 人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社 会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。 The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese peoples consumption concept is undertaking great changes .According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development .Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development. On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy peoples demand for an improved quality of life。 2014 年 6 月大学英语四级翻译真题参考答案 1. 中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。有些教育工作者 2003 年就建议 设立全民读书日。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作，通过阅读，人们能更好 地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对于中 小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯 就很难了。 Chinas education workers have realized for a long time the importance of reading to the country. Some of them have suggested that a National Reading Day be set up since 2003. They stressed that people should read good books, especially the classic ones. Through reading, people can better learn to be grateful, responsible and cooperate with others. However, the purpose of education is to cultivate these basic qualities. Reading is particularly important for primary and middle school students. If they dont develop the interest of reading during this crucial period, it is difficult to get into the habit of reading later. 2. 为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入 360 亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部 地区农村义务教育。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使 16 万多所中小学收益。资 金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐 和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。 In order to promote equality in education, China has invested 36 billion Yuan to improve educational facilities in rural areas and strengthen rural compulsory education in Midwest areas. These funds are used to improve teaching facilities, and purchase books, benefiting more than 160,000 primary and secondary schools. Funds are also used to purchase musical instrument and painting tools. Now children in rural and mountainous areas can have music and painting lessons as children from coastal cities do. Some students who has transferred to city schools to receive a better education are now moving back to their local rural schools。 3中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的 2%，该比例在所有核国家中 居第 30 位，几乎是最低的。2011 年 3 月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来， 终止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。到 2012 年 10 月，审批才又谨慎地恢 复。随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到最低程度。换句话 说，核能是可以完全开发和利用的。 China should further develope nuclear energy, because nuclear power currently accounts for only 2% of the total generating capacity. The proportion is in 30th among all nuclear-capable countries, which almost the lowest。In March 2011, after the accident of Japanese nuclear power station, China stopped its nuclear energy development, with approvals for new nuclear power plants suspended, and national nuclear safety inspection carried out. Examine and Approval has been restored carefully since October, 2012.With the improvement of technology and safety measures, the possibility of nuclear accidents can be dropped to a minimum extent. In other words, the nuclear energy can be exploited and utilized safely。 2015 年 12 月四级翻译练习试题及解析 1 高速公路： 中国五年前根本没有高速铁路。但是现在高铁列车(high-speed trains)的票经 常很快就售罄，尽管发车间隔比较短。人们能够很方便地以两倍于美国火车最髙速的速度 在全国周游。高速铁路系统的运菅非常成功，它运载的乘客是全国民航 (civil aviation)系统 运载的乘客的两倍。中国有世界上最先进的、低排放的快速运输系统之一，而做到这一点 仅仅用了五年。 China didnt have a high-speed rail five years ago.But now the tickets of high-speed trains are usually sold out very quickly, even though the departure interval is quite short.And people can conveniently travel around the nation at a speed that doubles the speed of the fastest American train.The operation of high-speed rail system is very successful; it carries twice as many passengers as the nations civil aviation system.China has one of the most advanced rapid transit systems with low emissions in the world, and it only takes five years to achieve this 2 颐和园. 颐和园(the Summer Palace)位于北京市西北部的海淀区，距北京市中心 15 公里。 它是中国最大、保存最完好的皇家园林。颐和园有著名的自然风景和人文景观(cultural landscape),因此它也一直被公认为是“皇家园林博物馆”。顾和园始建于 1750 年，作为一座 豪华的皇家花园供皇室成员休息和娱乐。清朝末期，颐和园成为了皇家成员的主要居住地。 它位列世界遗产(the World Heritage Sites)目录，也是中国第一批国家 5A 级旅游景区之一。 The Summer Palace is situated in the Haidian District,northwest of Beijing City,15 kilometers from central Beijing.It is the largest and most well-preserved royal park in China.It also has long been recognized as “the Museum of Royal Gardens”with famous natural view and cultural landscape.The construction started in 1750 as a luxurious royal garden for royal families to rest and entertain.It became the main residence of royal members in the end of the Qing Dynasty.It not only ranks amongst the World Heritage Sites but also is one of the first national AAAAA tourist spots in China 3 吸烟 众所周知，吸烟不仅有害我们的健康，对环境也不利。吸烟能引起许多疾病,如 肺癌(lung cancer)。吸烟也会影响不吸烟的人。被动吸烟者 (passive smokers)生病的几率甚至 高于吸烟者。有些年轻人认为吸烟很酷,有些人则认为吸烟能提神。如今，越来越多的公共 场合挂起了禁止吸烟的标志。这是我们取得的巨大进步。为了我们的健康，我们需要做出 更大的努力，禁止人们在公共场所吸烟。 As we all know ,smoking is not only harmful to our health ,but also harmful to the environment .Smoking can cause many diseases ,such as lung cancer. Smoking also affects non- smokers .For passive smokers ,their chance of getting ill is even greater than that of smokers. Some young people think that smoking is cool, and some think that smoking can refresh themselves .Nowadays ,more and more public places have hung up “non-smoking” signs.This is a big progress we have made.Greater efforts need to be made to ban smoking in public places for the sake of our health. 4 端午节 端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰 的大臣(minister)，他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤(vilify)而最终投河自尽。 人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来， 端午节的特色在于吃粽子(glutinous dumplings)和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省 份。 The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed/respected minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuans body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes. 5 假日经济 假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数 据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。 同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应作相应调整， 来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。 The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese peoples consumption concept is undertaking great changes. According to statistics, the demands for Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development. (Chinese consumers demand for basic necessities of life has given way to leisure, comfort and personal development.) Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development. On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy peoples demand for an improved quality of life. 6 笔墨纸砚 笔墨纸砚是中国古代文人书房当中必备的宝贝，被称为“文房四宝”。用笔墨 书写绘画在中国可追溯到五千年前。秦时已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制笔;汉代以人工制墨替 代了天然墨;有了纸张以后，简牍锦帛逐失其用;砚台则随笔墨的使用而发展。 “文房四宝” 到宋朝以后特指湖笔、徽墨、宣纸、端砚。可以说文房四宝书写了整个中华文明。 The writing brush, ink stick, ink stone, and paper were requisite treasures in the study of the scholars of ancient China, and they are often referred to as the “Four Treasures of the Study.” The writing brush and ink stick have been used by the Chinese to write and paint since 5,000 years ago. In the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC), people already used feathers of different hardness and bamboo trunks to make brushes. During the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD), man- made ink was used instead of natural ink. After paper was invented by the Chinese, bamboo slips, wooden tablets, brocade and silk, which originally functioned as writing surfaces, gradually faded out. The ink stone was first developed with the use of writing brushes and ink. After the Song Dynasty (960AD-1279AD), the “Four Treasure of the Study” particularly referred to hubi, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province; huimo, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, Anhui province; xuan paper, a kind of paper produced in Xuanzhou, Anhui province; and duanyan, the ink stone made in Zhaoqing, Guangdong province (Zhaoqing was earlier called Duanzhou). Indeed, the Four Treasures of the Study” have writtin the whole Chinese civilization, as it is 7 丝绸 中国是丝绸的故乡。栽桑、养蚕、缫丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。商周 时期丝绸的生产技术就已发展到相当高的水平。西汉时张骞通西域，把中原与波斯湾、地 中海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精 美的花色和丰富的文化内涵闻名于世，成为中国文化的象征。东方文明的使者。 China is the home of silk. Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and thickening are all great inventions of the ancient Chinese. As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties (1600BC- 256BC), the Chinese peoples silk-weaving techniques had reached an extremely high level. During the Western Han Dynasty (206BC-25AD), Zhang Qian, an outstanding diplomat, travelled around central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sino-foreign trade, exchange and communication. From then on, Chinas silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color, and abundant culture connotations. Hitherto, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental civilization. 8 汉字 汉字是从原始人用以记事的简单图画，经过不断演变发展最终成为一种兼具音、 形、意、韵的独特文字。现存中国古代最早成熟的文字是甲骨文，被认为是现代汉字的初 形。此后，汉字又经历了金文、隶书、楷书、草书、行书等不同的阶段。汉字结构“外圆内 方“， 源于古人“天圆地方”的观念。汉字有五种基本笔画，即：横、竖、撇、捺、折。 Chinese characters were initially meant to be simple pictures used to help people remember things. After a long period of development, it finally became a unique character system that embodies phonetic sound, image, idea, and rhyme at the same time. The writing system, which was extremely advanced in ancient times, began with inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells, and these are regarded as the original forms of Chinese characters. Afterwards, Chinese characters went through numerous calligraphic styles: bronze inscriptions, official script, regular script, cursive script, running script, etc. Chinese characters are usually round outside and square inside, which is rooted in ancient Chinese beliefs of an orbicular sky and a rectangular Earth. The five basic strokes of Chinese characters are “-“ (the horizontal stroke) “” (the vertical stroke), “/”( the left-falling stroke), “” (the right-falling stroke), and “乙” (the turning stroke). 9 中国功夫 中国功夫即中国武术，是将技击寓于搏斗和套路运动之中的中国传统体育项 目，承载着丰富的中国民族传统文化。其核心思想是儒家的中和养气之说，同时兼容了道 家、释家的思想。中国武术源远流长、流派林立、拳种繁多，讲究刚柔并济、内外兼修， 蕴含着先哲们对生命和宇宙的参悟。后世所称十八般武艺，主要指：徒手拳艺，如太极拳、 形意拳、八卦掌等;器械功夫，如刀枪剑戟、斧钺钩叉等。 Chinese kung fu, or Chinese martial arts, carries traditional Chinese culture in abundance. It is a traditional Chinese sport which applies the art of attack and defence in combat and the motions engaged with a series of skill and tricks. The core idea of Chinese king fu is derived from the Con