cross culture communication final examation paper base 学生复习稿

1. _is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people. a. Culture b. Value 2. Intercultural communication refers to communicate between people with _ a. Different characters b. Different cultural background 3. _is dynamic, multi-channeled process, which covers internal as well as external communication in a given organization. a. Cross-culture communication b. Business communication 4. _is formed in a specific culture environment and in the process of the commercial and industrial structure evolution, represents the norms, values and beliefs in business. a. Business culture b. Culture 5. _ is the ability to compose, critically , analyze, present and deliver information through oral interactions a. Oral communication b. written communication 6. Proper manner in gift receiving: In _, the recipient of a gift is expected to open the gift immediately upon receiving it. a. The United State b. Japan and China 7. Proper manner in gift receiving: In _, gift receiver will not open gifts while the giver is around. a. The United State b. Japan and China 8. In _, their businessmen are polite for the first time，whereas during negotiation they are always arguing, they normally have no customer-care, but very much emphasis the trust you win from them. a. Italy b. UK 9. _ tends have high sense of time. a. Japanese and German B. Russian and Italian. 10. Never arrange a business meeting in the public holiday with _, since they think holidays belong to their personal life rather than business. However present promotion is popular during that period, since they like to bring present to their families. a. Romanian or Danish b. Chinese or Japanese 11. _would like to have an agenda for their business meeting where time、site、personnel are clarified. And they expect everything be on time. a. Ukrainian and German b. Russian and Romanian 12. _to exchange business cards is necessary in the first business meeting, since they believe that business card represent their/your position in their company or organization. To show your respect to them, you should give your business cards to every person in the room and receive their cards, even though it would take some time. a. Romania, Japan and South Korea b. Denmark and Russia 13. In _, the interviews are always put off up to 60 minutes in the beginning of the business meeting, nevertheless the interviewers should still be there on time. a. Russia and Romania b. Japan and Germany 14. _Character is like the followings: pugnacious but gentle and modesty; aggressive, militaristic but advocating beauty; Ambitious, unruly and arrogant but polite; stubborn but being able to exist in every kinds of surrounding; compliant but unwilling to be controlled; loyal but traitorous; brave but cowardly; conservative but dare to accept the new way of life, stresses the concept of family. a. Japanese b. South Korean 15. People from _ has strong nationalism and see state affairs as their family issues. They think highly of blood relationship, and their life style combine with tradition and openness. They respect the traditional culture, stress the importance of etiquette, but in the same time, they are very stubborn a. Japan b. South Korea 16. _ tends to combine with being conservative and liberal coexistence in business culture, since they were influenced both by Confucianism and the Western culture. a South Korean b. Chinese 17. _tends to have gentle style in business and likes to observe the behavior of business partner. a. South Korean b. Japanese 18. _ thinks that drinking is a method to test partners attitude towards them. In their country, females would like to wait for other people to fill beer in their glass, as they do not think it is a good manner do so themselves. a. South Korean b. Chinese 1. The purposes of researching the intercultural communication are a. To improve the ability of understanding the different culture b. To build an adaptable skill c. To develop the cross culture intercourse ability 2. Characteristics of Culture are a. Universals b. Diversity c. Nationality d. Succession e. Expansibility f. Contemporaneity 3. Communication is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of _, as by speech, signals, writing, or behavior. a. symbols b. signs 3 / 43 c. behavior d. the exchange of thoughts e. messages f. information 4. Five barriers of intercultural communication are a. language differences b. nonverbal communication c. stereotypes d. cultural bias on judgments e. high level of stress 5. Types of communication includes a. Verbal communication b. Non-verbal communication c. Written communication d. Visual communication 6. Oral Presentation should a. Be an information Presentation. b. Be a persuasive Presentation. c. Be a goodwill Presentation. d. Analyze your audience. e. Add more your residual messages. 7. A great oral Presentation should be like these a. Restrict your main points to three. b. Design your introduction. c. Your pattern of organization must be absolutely clear to your audience. d. Conclude the business presentation with a call to action. e. Deliver your presentation confidently from beginning to end. 8. The general guidelines for Oral Communication are a. Avoid discussing politics or religion unless the other person initiates the discussion. b. Avoid highly personal questions, including a question like ”What do you do?” c. Keep the conversation positive. Avoid asking questions that would imply criticisms; phrase questions so they can be answered in a positive manner. d. Avoid telling ethnic jokes because of the possibility of offending someone. 9. Forms of nonverbal communication includes a. body behaviors b. gestures c. tones of voice d. facial looks 10. Five stages of culture shock in the following order: a. The Crisis stage b. The adaptation stage c. The recovery stage d. Reverse culture shock e. The honeymoon stage 11. Business culture means a. The commodity culture. Good is attached to the commodity, which is the carrier of culture. It is true at all times and in all countries b. Marketing culture of commodity. The core of marketing is that enterprises provide what customers need, and use various means to deliver goods to consumers to meet the needs of them. c. Environmental culture of business. Not only needs an enterprise a good internal shopping environment, but also a good external environment. d. Ethics culture of business. Its very important to be creditworthy in commercial competition. No fake, no cheat, good reputation. e. New businessman culture. It is to cultivate a new generation of businessmen, to cultivate law-abiding, moral, and knowledgeable traders, including business entrepreneurs and business personnel. f. Business spirit. Business spirit is the soul and values of enterprises. The goal of business spirit is to put the development of enterprise and staff needs together, becoming the staffs common goals and ethical norms. 11. When you are being introduced, you should a. Stand up b. Smile c. Shake hands d. Repeat names e. Say farewell 12. When you make an invitation, you should pay attention to the followings: a. An invitation specifies a time, a date and a place. b. It is polite to respond to invitations with either “yes” or “no”. c. Whether to bring a gift and what to bring as a gift d. how to express you appreciation for hospitality 13. Gift giving manner includes: 5 / 43 a. Be sure of the true purpose of the gift. b. Do your homework about the receiver. c. Be sensitive to personal and cultural differences. d. Know when corporate logos are appropriate. e. Use simple and elegant wrapping. 14. American business culture: a. Americans often take a “business-first” approach. b. Americans believe that being direct is a virtue. c. Americans expect all business interactions to be polite and professional. d. Americans expect you to be positive about yourself. e. Americans commonly exchange business cards. f. Americans appreciate and expect persistence. g. Be on time to appointments. 15. Nordic countries business culture includes: a. warm and friendly welcome b. brief and powerful handshake c. firm eye contact d. Meeting participation e. Communicate equally 16. Italian business culture a. Italians are good talkers, they always get your point before you finish your word resulting from their sharp thought, so it is common that they interrupt your speak. b. Italians are accustomed to touching during conversation and staring at others means they are interested in the culture of Italy. c. Businessmen in Italy are picky in dress that people usually put much stress on it which requires elegance and decency. d. Negotiators in Italy pay more attention on bargain as well as Spain. 17. Spanish business culture includes: a. Always carry your products to your potential customers. b. The negotiator should be the decision maker. c. Once Spanish signed a contract with your company, they will keep their promise. However they would not like to admit their mistake even though there might be some, because the Spanish like to keep a good reputation from their manufacture. d. Typical local product from your region could be the best present for the Spanish. e. The Spanish think that to build a good personal relationship between business partners is rather important, because they believe a rich social network could provide them more possible access to success. f. The Spanish pay attention to etiquette, prefers to present their opinion indirectly, even though they are not so discipline, talk loudly and like to bargain. 18. Greece business culture includes: a. During business negotiations with the Greek, you must listen to them patiently and never interrupt them during their speeches. Asking questions is also impolite unless it is in a great need or it would be regarded as a serious mistake in etiquette. b. Never refuse coffee and Greek spirit that the Greeks sever you during the business meeting in Greece, otherwise it would be seen as a serious disrespect for the master. c. Dont put your hands too close to others, because Greek people would like to behave elegantly and think swing and shaking hands are all symbols of disrespect and the closer your hands near to ones face the more humiliated it is. d. Greeks have a deep love for smoking both in business negotiations and social 19. Russian business culture includes a. When you do a business with a Russian, you had better dressed in solemn and conservative western-style suit in gray or cyan rather than in black. b. Business meeting with the Russians could start one hour late and finish one hour early, since the Russian like to deal with different meetings in the same time, telephone meeting sometimes could be one of the options. c. Russian businessmen usually pay more attention to your behaviors during business negotiations. Be calm and gentle sometimes could be more beneficial. Never expect to have a quick deal with the Russians. d. In spite of the value of etiquette in Russia, there are also several social classes especially in some rigorous office. Try to make yourself clear if the person you are talking is a decision maker or not. Meanwhile, be aware that Russian female in high-rise is rare. e. Never use left (means unlucky) hand to shake hands or delivery stuff to the Russians, or it would commit a serious fault in manners. 20. Ukrainian business culture includes a. Personal and informal contact is a central part in doing business in Ukraine. Toasting at the dinner table in a local bar or at somebodys place is just as important as the work achieved during the day negotiations. b. Business cards are essential. If possible, ensure that one side is printed in Ukrainian and the other side in English. c. For business, dress should be conservative. Men usually dont take their jacket off unless asked to do so. d. Try to be reserved in public. Loud speaking or laughing will cause negative reaction most likely, as Ukrainians generally tend to be pretty somber. e. The Ukrainian is very decisive. They are disgusted with a long chat and a tedious meeting. f. The Ukrainian businessmen pay more attention to a precise price rather than quality. And they prefer to be paid by cash. 21. Czech business culture includes a. One of the most noticeable legacies of the old system is an inherent mistrust of people on first meeting. This mistrust can only be overcome through perseverance and demonstrating a professional approach. Always deliver what you promise. b. Research the origins of any company you are doing business with is it a foreign-owned company or a local entity? This ownership issue can have a big impact on how the company is structured and managed. c. Be aware of the potential generational divide which exists within Czech society. The older generations are likely to be far more heavily influenced by the approach to business found under the old Soviet-style regime whereas the younger generation might have a more open, entrepreneurial approach. 7 / 43 d. When dealing with older managers in former monopoly companies, you can expect to encounter a hierarchical approach where decisions are made at the top of the organization. e. Make sure you do some research on the structure of the organization you are dealing with. Dont waste too much time with middle managers if all the decisions are made by top management. f. As with their German and Polish neighbors, Czechs would tend to do significant amounts of preparation prior to meetings and would expect their counterparties to do the same. Arriving unprepared could add to their latent sense of suspicion. g. Meetings should be scheduled well in advance meetings at short notice are often difficult to organize. 22. Hungarian business culture includes a. Appointments are necessary and should be made 2 in advance in writing. b. Punctuality for all social situations is taken extremely seriously. If you expect to be delayed, telephone immediately and offer an explanation. It is considered extremely rude to cancel a meeting at the last minute and could ruin your business relationship. c. Initial meetings are planned to get to know each other and for your Hungarian colleagues to determine if you are trustworthy. d. Deals in Hungary cannot be finalized without a lot of eating, drinking and entertaining. e. Hungarians are very detail-oriented and want to understand everything before reaching an agreement. 23. Bulgarian business culture includes a. Appointments can take some time to arrange, depending on the seniority of the person you wish to meet. It is recommended to seek appointments in advance of a visit. b. Allow sufficient time for business meetings, which can be quite protracted always allow more time than you expect. c. It is expected that visitors arrive on time for an appointment. If unexpected circumstances arise to cause a delay of more than 10-15 minutes, call to notify the person of the delay. d. In the public sector, Bulgarians have at least two to four weeks holiday per year. The annual vacation period is usually in July and August and it is advisable not to arrange appointments during this period or Christmas/New Year. 24. Japanese Communication Etiquette a. When you call the Japanese, you cant call their first name but call their last name, followed by san. b. When you talk to the Japanese, you should listen carefully and you shouldnt interrupt their speeches. If you have a conversation with more than three people, you should be careful not to cold most of the people. In conversation, you cant talk about the Japanese age, marital status, wages and other private affairs. The taboo topic is World War II. c. Though Japanese often hold a clear opinions, they also avoid saying “I think so“, “My opinion is this,“ the direct expression, while they use “Im afraid that is right?“ “I consider in this way, whats your opinion? Such expressions are polite and suitable. d. Japanese tends to teamwork spirit and stress high loyalty for company. e. Japanese business has its own unique social etiquette. There is a clear border between work and entertainment. Do not discuss business during the entertainment. Even if you want to talk about business, it should be proposed by the host after the activities. Playing golf, drink tea, having a drink, singing Cara OK are different levels of entertainment. Japan believes that entertainment is an important part of business arrangements and usually takes place after business hours at a bar or restaurant. Although business may be discussed, these outings are primarily occasions for building friendships. 25.South Korean Negotiation Style： a. Sale：They usually think it is impolite to start your state of sale with a joke. Try to use visual sense especially when number is involved. b. Price: You had better make preparation for bargaining when you give your initial price. c. Decision: You have to be patient. The vital decision is always made by leadership, unfortunately, they are so busy. d. Contract: They think the relationship between two companies is more important than a contract. Furthermore, they do not like you to have a lawyer with you during the business meeting, because they believe lawyer means conflict rather than sincerity and cooperation. e. Conflict: Korean companies usually try to avoid litigation, and resolve their differences by lengthy negotiations. Question 1, State briefly the characters of British and French people, and, based on t