国际贸易专业词汇.doc

1、国际贸易专业英语（商务词汇汇总）目录：一、进出口贸易词汇第2页二、贸易价格术语第5页三、贸易保险、国际组织术语第8页四、贸易价格术语第11页五、贸易伙伴术语第14页六、数量条件与外汇术语第16页一、进出口贸易词汇1.commerce the activity of buying and selling, especially on a large scale贸易 2. Export Declaration A form to be completed by the exporter or their authorized agent and filed in triplicate by a c

2、arrier with the United State Collector of customs at the point of exit. 出口申报单3.import to bring or carry in from an outside source, especially to bring in(goods or materials)from a foreign country for trade or sale 进口4.import licence A certificate, issued by countries exercising import controls, that

3、 permits importation of the articles stated in the license. The issuance of such a permit frequently is connected with the release of foreign exchange needed to pay for the shipment for which the import license has been requested.进口许口证5.export licence A document secured from a government, authorizin

4、g an exporter to export a specific quantity of a particular commodity to a certain country. An export license is often required if a government has place embargoes or other restrictions upon exports. See General Export License.出口许口证 6.inquiry an act of asking for information询盘7.delivery an item or i

5、tems delivered on a particular occasion.交货 8.order a thing made, supplied, or served as a result of such a request订货9.Bill of Lading A document that establishes the terms of a contract between a shipper and a transportation company under which freight is to be moved between specified points for a sp

6、ecified charge. Usually prepared by the shipper on forms issued by the carrier, it serves as a document of title, contract of carriage, and a receipt for goods. Also see Air Waybill and Ocean Bill of Lading.提单10.Endorsement in Blank Commonly used on a bank check, an endorsement in blank is an endors

7、ement to the bearer. It contains only the name of the endorser and specifies no particular payee. Also, a common means of endorsing bills of lading dawn to the order of the shipper. The bills are endorsed For. (see Bill of Lading, Order).空白背书11.endorsed sign (a cheque or bill of exchange) on the bac

8、k to make it payable to someone other than the stated payee or to accept responsibility for paying it背书 12.cargo receipt Is a receipt of cargo for shipment by a consolidator (used in ocean freight).承运货物收据13. catalogue a publication containing details and often photographs of items for sale商品目录14.Red

9、 Clause Letter of Credit A letter of credit that allows the exporter to receive a percentage of the face value of the letter of credit in advance of shipment. This enables the exporter to purchase inventory and pay other costs associated with producing and preparing the export order. 红条款信用证15.export

10、 subsidy An economic benefit granted by a government to producers of goods or services, often to strengthen their competitive position. 出口津贴16.favorable balance of trade When countries export more than they import, they are said to have a favorable balance of trade.贸易顺差17.unfavorable balance of trad

11、e When they import more than they export, an unfavorable balance of trade exits.贸易逆差18.free trade zone A port designated by the government of a country for duty-free entry of any non-prohibited goods. Merchandise may be stored, displayed, used for manufacturing, within the zone and re-exported witho

12、ut duties being paid. Duties are imposed on the merchandise (or items manufactured from the merchandise) only when the goods pass from the zone into an area of the country subject to the Customs Authority. 自由贸易区19. most-favored nation treatment（MFNT） The list of a countrys import duties is called a

13、tariff schedule. A single tariff schedule applies to all goods, no matter what their country of origin. A double or multicolumn schedule provides for differing rates depending on the country of origin. Most modern trade agreements are made on the basis of what is called most-favored-nation treatment

14、. 最惠国待遇20.General Average When damage to cargo on board a vessel exceeds carriers insurance, carrier will release cargo only with an acceptance agreement to claim only a general percentage of all the damage sustained.共同海损21.Commercial Invoice An itemized list of goods shipped, usually included among

15、 an exporters collection papers.商业发票22.Ocean bills of lading A receipt for cargo in transit, and a contract between the exporter and an ocean carrier for transportation and delivery of goods to a specified party at a specified foreign destination. Issued after the vessel has sailed and the cargo has

16、 been entered in the ships manifest. 海运提单23.Customs liquidation The finalization of a customs entry. 清关24.Customs Bonded Warehouse Is awarehouse where imported goods may be stored for a total of three years without the payment of duty or taxes. 保税仓库25.dumping sending (goods unsaleable in the home ma

17、rket) to a foreign market for sale at a low price. 商品倾销26.export send (goods or services) to another country for sale出口27.Correspondent Bank A bank that, in its own country, handles the business of a foreign bank.通知行28.sight draft a draft payable upon presentation. 即期汇票29.transferable L/C a letter o

18、f credit part of whose value when the applicant defaults on another agreed method of payment可转让信用证30.mark information placed on outer surface of shipping containers or packages such as address labels, identifying numbers, box specifications, caution, or directional warning.唛头二、贸易价格术语1.FOB (free on b

19、oard) Seller is responsible for inland freight and all other costs until the cargo has been loaded on the vessel/aircraft.Buyer is responsible for ocean/airfreight and marine/airinsurance离岸价（船上交货价） 2.C&F(cost and freight)Is a quoted price includes cost of goods and freight. 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）3.CIF (cost

20、, insurance and freight) Is a quoted price includes cost of goods, insurance and freight. 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）4.reight All merchandise,goods,products,or commodities shipped by sail,air,road,or water other than by baggage,express mail,or regular mail . 运费5.wharfage A charge assessed by a pier or dock owne

21、r against the cargo or a steamship company for use of the pier or dock. 码头费6.tariff customs,duty；Duties or a duty imposed by a government on Imported or exported goods. 关税7.commission The amount paid to an agent,which may be an individual, a borker, or a financial institution for consummating a tran

22、saction involving sale or purchase of assets or services. 佣金8.return commission A commission which is paid back by the agent if a policy is cancelled before its normal expiration date. 回佣，回扣9.net price price of product (service) which does not contain Value Adeed Tax净价10.wholesale price Wholesaling

23、is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users批发价11.discount / allowance A reduction from the full or standard amout of a pice or debt折扣12.retail price The price paid by a consumer to a dealer or individual for a vehic

24、le. The dealer or individual sets the retail price of a used car by calculating the wholesale price paid plus reconditioning expenses and other costs零售价13.spot price the current delivery price of a commodity traded in the spot market现货价格14.current price prevailing price，the prices of goods and servi

25、ces in the reference period现行价格/时价15.customs valuation Establishment, according to defined criteria, of the value of goods for the purpose of levying ad valorem customs duties on their importation海关估价16.price list means the list of charges for the Product as found on the Site and VAT at the prescrib

26、ed rate and any other tax, duty or levy imposed by legislation. 价目表17.stamp duty stamp tax，a tax collected by requiring a stamp to be purchased and attached (usually on documents or publications). 印花税18.revenue the total income a business firm or government receives from all source税收，收入19.forward pr

27、ice Refers to sales into the future of a physical commodity by the use of forward contracting or futures and options hedging. It is a marketing tool for grain buyers and sellers. 期货（远期）价格，期货价20.deduction an amount that is or may be deducted；the act of deducting；subtraction扣除（额）；减除（额）21.average cost

28、Usually refers to average total cost，which is the total cost of production of a good or service(including the costs of fixed inputs and variable inputs) divided by the quantity produced. 平均成本22.interest rate The fee charged by a lender to a borrower for the use of borrowed money，usually expressed as

29、 an annual percentage of the principal；the rate is dependent upon the time value of money，the credit risk of the bprrowed and the onflation rate. 利率Interest rates can be calculated as simple，compounded or effective.23.import surcharge A temporary tax on imports over and above established tariffs, us

30、ually enacted in times of economic crisis进口附加税24.import licence An import license is a document issued by a national government authorizing the importation of certain goods into its territory.进口许口证25.export licence A document secured from a government, authorizing an exporter to export a specific qu

31、antity of a particular commodity to a certain country. An export license is often required if a government has place embargoes or other restrictions upon exports. See General Export Licence出口许口证26.total value face value * place value. 总值27.world (International)Market price World market prices of com

32、modities exchange国际市场价格28.open account Credit extended that is not supported by a note，mortage，or other formal written evidence of indebtedness. Because this method poses an obvious risk to the supplier，it is essential that the buys integrity by unquestionable. 赊账29.average price The price of a home

33、 determined by totaling the sales prices of all houses sold in an area and dividing that number by the number of homes. 平均价格30.Port of Discharge Port where vessel is off loaded and cargo discharges. 卸货港三、贸易保险、国际组织术语1. Insurer: insurance company: a financial institution that sells insurance 保险人2. Ins

34、ured: a person whose interests are protected by an insurance policy 投保人 3. Insurance policy: An Insurance contract determines the legal framework under which the features of an insurance policy are enforced.保险单4. proximate cause: an event sufficiently related to a legally recognizable injury to be h

35、eld the cause of that injury. 近因原则5. Total Loss: Totaled (shorthand for total loss) is a term used in the insurance industry. Generally, the insurance provider will only pay out the lesser cost of buying a replacement vehicle, instead of paying to repair the old one to its previous state.全部损失/全损6. P

36、ICC: Peoples Insurance Company of China. a Chinese insurance company中国人民保险公司 7. I.C.: China Insurance Clause中国保险条款 8. W/W clause: Warehouse to Warehouse Clause仓至仓条款 9. All Risks ：This is an insurance term and the “All Risks” insurance will normally cover against all risks of whatever nature provided

37、 that they are risks and not certainties.一切险10. W.A./W.P.A：(With Average or With Particular Average) An insurance term meaning that partial loss or damage of goods is insured. Generally must be caused by sea water. Many have a minimum percentage of damage before payment. May be extended to cover los

38、s by theft, pilferage, delivery, leakage, and breakage. 水渍险11. F.P.A.： (Free of Particular Average) A term used in marine insurance policies to indicate that while the underwriter is unwilling to assume liability for ordinary partial losses due to the peculiar qualities of the particular article or

39、to its form of package, he is willing to bear partial losses, the direct result of stranding, sinking, burning, collision, or other named peril 平安险12. War Risk: The possible aggressive actions against a ship and its cargo by a belligerent government. This risk can be insured by a marine policy with

40、a risk clause. 战争险13. Strike， riots and civel commotion ：（S.R.C.C.）An insurance clause referring to loss or damage directly caused by strikers, locked-out workmen, persons participation in labor disturbances, and riots of various kinds. The ordinary marine insurance policy does not cover this risk;

41、coverage against it can be added only by endorsement. 罢工、暴动、民变险14. Claim : an assertion of a right (as to money or property) 索赔15. Disputes: dispute is a commencement of a conflict between statements of accepted fact and a new or unaccepted proposal that disagrees with, argues against, or debates th

42、e accepted knowledge or opinion. 争议16. Penalty: the act of punishing 罚金条款17. Arbitration: (law) the hearing and determination of a dispute by an impartial referee agreed to by both parties 仲裁18. Force Majeure: all events which are beyond the control of the Parties to this Contract, and which are unf

43、oreseen, unavoidable or insurmountable, and which arise after the Effective Date and Which prevent total or partial performance by and Party. 不可抗力19. Arbitral tribunal: An arbitral tribunal (or arbitration tribunal) is a panel of one or more adjudicators which is convened and sits to resolve a dispu

44、te by way of arbitration. 仲裁庭20. Arbitration Clause: Is a standard clause to be included in the contracts of exporters and importers, as suggested by the American Arbitration Association. It states that any controversy or claim will be settled by arbitration in accordance with the rules of the Ameri

45、can Arbitration Association. 仲裁条款21. Certificate of origin: A statement signed by the exporter, or his agent, and attested to by a local Chamber of Commerce, indicating that the goods being shipped, or a major percentage of them, originated and were produced in the exporters country 产地证明书22. Inspect

46、ion certificate: A document certifying that merchandise (such as perishable goods) was in goods condition immediately prior to shipment. 品质检验证书23. WTO ： (World Trade Organization) an international organization designed to supervise and liberalize international trade.世界贸易组织24. IMF ： (International Mo

47、netary Fund) an international organization that oversees the global financial system by following the macroeconomic policies of its member countries, in particular those with an impact on exchange rates and the balance of payments. 国际货币基金组织25. EFTA ： (European Free Trade Association)a European trade

48、 bloc which was established as an alternative for European states who did not join the then-European Economic Community. 欧洲自由贸易联盟26. AFTA： (ASEAN Free Trade Area) a trade bloc agreement by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations supporting local manufacturing in all ASEAN countries.东盟自由贸易区27. JCC

49、T ： (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade)中美商贸联委会28. NAFTA： (North American Free Trade Area) a trilateral trade bloc in North America created by the governments of the United States, Canada, and Mexico.北美自由贸易区29. UNCTAD ： (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)It is the princ

50、ipal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment and development issues.联合国贸易与发展会议30. GATT ： （General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) the outcome of the failure of negotiating governments to create the International Trade Organization (ITO).关贸总协定四、贸易价格术语1. stocks mass

51、 nounthe capital raised by a business or corporation through the issue and subscription of shares资本，股本2. cash sale A legal term denoting a mercantile transaction in which title to merchandise passes when the buyer pays the seller.现货 3. purchase the acquisition of something for payment;购买,进货4. bulk s

52、ale sometimes called a bulk transfer, is a sale of goods by a business that represents all or substantially all of its inventory to a single buyer unless such a sale would be common in the ordinary course of its business. 整批销售，趸售 5. distribution channels Distribution (or place) is one of the four el

53、ements of marketing mix. An organization or set of organizations (go-betweens) involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by a consumer or business user.销售渠道 6. wholesale historically called jobbing, is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to in

54、dustrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users, or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services.批发 7. retail trade Retailing consists of the sale of goods or merchandise from a fixed location, such as a department store or kiosk, or by post, in small or individua

55、l lots for direct consumption by the purchaser.零售业 8. hire-purchase method of buying something by paying over an extended period分期付款购买 9. exclusive right In Anglo-Saxon law, an exclusive right is a de facto, non-tangible prerogative existing in law (that is, the power or, in a wider sense, right) to

56、 perform an action or acquire a benefit and to permit or deny others the right to perform the same action or to acquire the same benefit.独家经营/专营权10. unfair competition Commercial conduct that the law views as unjust. 不合理竞争 11. dumping selling goods abroad at a price below that charged in the domesti

57、c market商品倾销12. antidumping the act of a manufacturer in one country exporting a product to another country at a price which is either below the price it charges in its home market or is below its costs of production反倾销 13. unfavorable balance of trade An expression denoting a situation where a geographical entity (be it a nation,region,state,or city)imports more goods and services than it exports.It is used to descibe the situation for both individual goods or services and for