主系表结构和There be句型

1、主系表结构 There be句型,一、主系表结构,主谓宾=主语+实义动词+宾语，be是系动词，不能用于主谓宾中。 主系表=主语+系动词(最常见的是be，还有“五感”feel、look、sound、smell、taste和其它动词如become、grow等）+表语（名词、代词、形容词、时间地点副词、介词短语、表语从句等）。,如I am a boy.这句话中没有宾语，属于主系表，I是主语，系动词am是谓语动词，a boy是表语，系动词和表语合起来作谓语。由此可见在主系表中，谓语谓语动词；而在主谓宾中，谓语=谓语动词，如I love my parents. 总之，系动词和宾语是不共戴天的仇人，誓不两

2、立。系动词后面接的是表语，而宾语前面接的是谓语。,所谓主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。主要用以说明主语的特征，状态，身份等。,定义,主系表（S+V+P）： 1. 主语（ Subject ） 2. 系动词（ Link verb ） 3. 表语（ Predicative）,所谓主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。主要用以说明主语的特征，状态，身份等。 1. 主语（ Subject ）：主语是一句话的中心，表示所说的是谁或是什么，其位置一般放在句首。英语中主语一般不省略。主语主要由名词、动名词、代词或起名词作用的短语或从句来充当。 例如： Li Lei i

3、s a Chinese boy. （ Li Lei 是名词，作主语。） He is from England. （ He 是代词，作主语。） Feeding the birds is my hobby. （“ Feeding the birds ”是动名词短语，作主语。） What she said is right. （“ What she said ”是从句，作主语。,2. 系动词（ Link verb ）：系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语。简单地说，将主语和表语联系在一起，并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词。目前学到的系动词有 be ， feel

4、 ， look ， sound ， taste ， smell 等。 例如：This flower is beautiful. I felt very tired. You look worried. It tastes delicious.,常见的系动词,（1）表示特征和存在状态的 be, feel, look, smell, taste, sound. （2）表示状态延续的 keep （3）表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, come,3. 表语（ Predicative ）：表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态的。它又叫作主语补足语。表语位于系动词之后，主要由名

5、词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词（短语）或动名词（短语）等来充当。例如： I am fine . （ fine 是形容词，作表语） He is a boy . （ boy 是名词，作表语） Five plus two is seven . （ seven 是数词，作表语） We are here . （ here 是副词，作表语） He is not at home . （“ at home ”是介词短语，作表语） My hobby is reading . （ reading 是动名词，作表语）,二、There be 句型,there be：表示某地有某物，指没有生命的物体有。

6、例如：There are many books in the schoolbag. have/has: 表示有生命的人或者动物有。 例如：I have many books.,单数is 复数are 不可数的 用is,There _ a doll in the toy box. A. is B. are There _ some bread on the plate. A. is B. are There _ a lot of green trees in the Park. A. is B. are There is a cat and two dogs under the tree. The

7、re are two dogs and a cat under the tree.,就近原则,只要看到be动词后面的词是复数名词，就用are，否则就用is。 当然还要注意时态哦！,There _ a desk and fifty-five chairs in the classroom. A. are B. is There _ fifty-five chairs and a desk in the classroom. A. are B. is,There be- 的一般疑问句,There is a radio on the desk.,Is there a radio on the des

8、k ? Yes, there is. / No, there isnt.,There are some shoes under the bed.,Are there any shoes under the bed? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.,规则： is/are要提前, some 变any,其他都不变,单选,1.-You dont look very _. Are you ill? - No, Im just a bit tired. A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy 2.What he said sounds

9、 _ . A. nicely B. pleasantly C. friendly D. wonderfully 3. These oranges taste _ . A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well,1. The cotton fells _ . ( A. soft B. softly ) 2. I felt _ sorry at his words. ( A. terrible B. terribly ) 3. The little hero looked _ at the enemy. ( A. angry B. angrily ) 4

10、. Tasting _, the food was soon sold out. ( A. good B. well ) 5. It is _ of you to act _ . ( A. bad B. badly ) 6. Traveling is _, and I am _ in it. ( A. interesting B. interested ) 7. After ten years hard work ,he _ writer. ( A. became B. turned ),翻译句子,1.我的兄弟都是中学生。 2.冬季白天短，夜晚长。 3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。 4.十五岁他就成

11、为有名的钢琴家了。 5.孩子们，请保持安静。 6.树叶已经变黄了。 7.这个报告听起来很有意思。,answers,1.My brothers are all middle school students. 2.In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 3.Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 4.At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist. 5.Children, keep quiet please. 6. The leaves have turned

12、 yellow. 7.The report sounds interesting.,填空,The chic ken_. Would you like to have some.（味道好）,When they got home, they _.（感到又饿又冷）,单选,1. Are there any maps on the wall? _ A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there are. 2. How many _ are there in the picture? A. woman B. women C. buy D. milk 3. There arent _ trees near the house. There is only one. A. any B. some C. many D. much 4. There _ two bowls of rice on the table. A. is B. have C. has D. are 5. Are there _ houses near the river? Yes, there are_. A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any,用be动词is