2020届高考英语一轮复习语法第一部分掌握基础词法第一讲名词、冠词课件牛津译林版.pptx

1、第一部分 掌握基础词法,命题点一,可数名词的复数形式,beliefbeliefs,少数直接加s,selfselves wolfwolves,一般要变f或fe为v再加es,以f, fe结尾的名词,potatopotatoes,有些在词尾加es,photophotos,一般在词尾加s,以o结尾的名词,holidayholidays monkeymonkeys,在词尾直接加s,以元音字母y 结尾的名词,countrycountries factoryfactories,变y为i再加es,以辅音字母y结尾的名词,glassglasses matchmatches,在词尾加es,以s, x, ch，sh

2、 结尾的名词,mouthmouths,在词尾直接加s,一般情况下,mediummedia(媒体) phenomenonphenomena(现象) analysisanalyses(分析),外来名词,footfeet, toothteeth, mousemice， manmen, womanwomen,变内部元音,deer, sheep, means, series, Chinese, Swiss, aircraft, spacecraft, species, fish,单复数同形,命题点二,不可数名词,a pleasure一件乐事,pleasure乐趣,a beauty美丽的人或事物,beau

3、ty美；美丽,a failure一个(件)失败的人(事),failure失败,an honour一个(件)引起尊敬的人(事),honour荣誉,a success一个(件)成功的人(事),success成功,a surprise一件令人惊讶的事,surprise惊讶,命题点一,冠词的基本用法,Suddenly they heard a loud voice.,表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。,I have a question to ask you. In a sense what you said is true. All of a sudden, she b

4、urst into tears. Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.,表示泛指“某个”。当说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词；或由不定冠词构成的名词词组往往带有不确定的含义，相当于a certain；或专有名词前加不定冠词，表示具有某种特性的人或物、某一位不认识的人或某个不确定的时间。,A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease.,Live a good, honorable life.Then when you

5、get older and think back, youll get to enjoy it a second time.,不定冠词用于序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。,He suddenly appeared on a rainy night, which was a great surprise to us.,用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，使之具体化。表示“一种的人或事”,Prices start at 13.95 a yard for printed cotton.,Its said that corn was grown a lot in Tibet in the 17th centu

6、ry.,用在世纪前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示“在某世纪几十年代”。,The explosion saw people rush to help the injured.,用在表示姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人或夫妻俩；或用于形容词或分词前，表示某一类人或物。,Is this the first time that you have visited Qingdao？,用于序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前。,The earth goes around the sun.,用在世界上独一无二的事物前。,Take your time its just a short distance from here

7、 to the restaurant.,Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us，“A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford or Cambridge.”,表示头衔和职务的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，其前通常不用冠词。,Im interested in English.,语言、学科名称、球类运动、棋类游戏等名词前不用冠词。,We usually have breakfast at 7 oclock.,季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐前一般不加冠词。,He is living in Canada now.,Hero as/though he is, he