主旨大意准备修改的课件

1、阅读技能 How to get the main idea?,（主旨大意题）,As is known to us, testing the reading ability of the students is the most important purpose in the college entrance examination. The problems designed in the papers relate to the testing of the abilities of inferring, getting the main idea of a passage, guessi

2、ng the meaning of a word/phrase, telling different statements, deciding the authors attitude/purpose, and so on. And how to get the main idea of a passage, some students say, is no easy task. Do you agree with them?”,Whats your idea?,Yes,No,Reading comprehension,1、细节理解题(questions of details) 2、词义猜测题

3、(words in context) 3、推理判断题(questions of inference) 4、主旨大意题(main idea),阅读中主旨大意题的题型分类,主旨题,标题类（ topic or title ）,文章主旨(main idea of the article),段落主旨(main idea of the paragraph),主旨大意-问题形式：,1). 主旨类 The main point/idea of the passage is The passage is mainly about Which of the following statements best ex

4、presses the main idea of the passage? what does the passage mainly talk about? 2).标题类 Which of the following is the best title of the passage? The best title for this passage is_.,解题技巧,周练3 典型错题再现,Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last genera

5、tion to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食)?” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woo

6、ds. 56.The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that _. A. parks are in danger of being gradually encroached B. Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the Woods C. children are expected to develop into protectors of nature D. kids are missing the sense of wonder outdoors,（ ）,（ ）,Who ？,Supporting sentenc

7、e,kids,58. In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to _. A. encourage children to protect parks from encroachment B. show his concern about childrens lack of experience in nature C. blame children for getting lost in computer games D. inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about thi

8、ngs around,_ _ _,details,Paragraph ideas,Passage idea,How to get the main idea of a passage?,1 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause othe

9、r health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?,Practice：,TIP1: 抓 -主 题 句,2 Often no one looks more guilt

10、y than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance. The main idea of this passage is that_. A. an

11、innocent person looks more guilty than a professional criminal does B. the man who knows everything may really knows nothing C. we are foolish if we judge a person only by his appearance D. it is difficult to tell the guilty from the innocent.,So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his a

12、ppearance,3 Does it really help society, or the victim, or the victims family, to put in jail a man who, while drunk at the wheel of his car, has injured or killed another person?It would be more helpful to make the man pay for his victims medical bills and compensate him for the bad experience, the

13、 loss of working time, and any other problems arising from the accident.If the victim is dead, in most cases his family could use some financial assistance.,It would be more helpful to make the man pay for his victims medical bills and compensate him for the bad experience, the loss of working time,

14、 and any other problems arising from the accident.,4 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal

15、background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.The main idea of this paragraph is that _.A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university.B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C.

16、Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.D. Tom received an excellent education.,detail,detail,detail,Topic sentence:,At the beginning,At the end,In the middle,No clear topic sentence,for example,so, therefore,完成- 例（2-4）,practice,45. What is the main purpose of the passage?

17、A. To introduce a new business model. B. To compare two business models. C. To predict a change of the global market. D. To advocate sustainable development.,高考试题-广东卷,People now realize that we must be able to develop in sustainable ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainab

18、le products. Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. In addition, we are also seeing great growth for sustainable products . can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one. but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.,TIP2:

19、 抓 -关 键 词,关键词 : 1)关注高频词： (如例4),2) 关注标志词：(如例 4 局部信息; 2）主题扩大：过于宽泛, 与细节脱节; 3）断章取义 ：以文中个别字眼、以次要细节冒充； 4）相反信息： 5) 张冠李戴 : 属于A的特征放在B的身上,干扰项的特点,总结主旨大意题思路方法： 1、抓 -主 题 句 2、抓 -中 心 词 3、敲 -选 项,完成- 例（6-8）,practice,Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain

20、 with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and dis

21、eases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain

22、 on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.,1. time,2. ships and people,3. route,4. Sufferings and difficulties,a. Lack of food and freshwater,b. Hunger and diseases,c. Deaths,The process of Magellans long difficult voyage,5. success,Magellans voyage proved that men could sail aroun

23、d the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.,Magellans voyage proved the earth is round.,Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he

24、 left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hun

25、ger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Goed Hope. By the time they return

26、ed to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.,Paragraph 1: Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .,Paragraph 2: The process of Magellans long difficult voyage,

27、Paragraph 3: Magellans voyaged proved the earth is round.,Magellans voyage,例7 Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with

28、five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases

29、. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on D

30、ecember 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage? A. Magellans death B. Going Around The World C. The World Is Round D. Ma

31、gellans Voyage,(too narrow),(too narrow),(too broad),(proper),例8 Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills. With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain

32、confidence, according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the

33、idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the childrens department. Last November the two groups started “

34、 Dog Day Afternoon” in the childrens department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class. The program was so successful that the l

35、ibrary plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.,Example and success of the program,6 Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can prov

36、ide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Educati

37、on Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron,

38、 manager of the childrens department. Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the childrens department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “

39、pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.,Example and success of the program,1. What is mainly discussed in the text? A. Childrens reading difficulties. B. Advantages of raising dogs. C. Service in a public library. D. A speci