英文诗歌分析全文Lamb、tyger、rose

1、The lamb 1 The Lamb is a poem by William Blake, published in Songs of Innocence in 1789. Like many of Blakes works, the poem is about Christianity. The whole collection is pervaded with a breath of simplicity and fancy.Poetic structure 1 rhyme scheme: AA BB CC DD AA AA EF GG FE AA “The Lamb” has two

2、 stanzas, each containing five rhymed couplets.2 The layout is set up by two stanzas with the refrain: Little Lamb who made thee? Dost thou know who made thee?In the first stanza, the speaker wonders who the lambs creator is; the answer lies at the end of the poem. Here we find a physical descriptio

3、n of the lamb, seen as a pure and gentle creature. In the second stanza, the lamb is compared with the infant Jesus, as well as between the lamb and the speakers soul. In the last two lines the speaker identifies the creator: God.Rhetorical devices1 The poem begins with the question, “Little Lamb, w

4、ho made thee?” The speaker, a child, asks the lamb about its origins: how it came into being, how it acquired its particular manner of feeding, its “clothing” of wool, its “tender voice.”2 In the next stanza, the speaker attempts a riddling answer to his own question: the lamb was made by one who “c

5、alls himself a Lamb,” one who resembles in his gentleness both the child and the lamb. Repetition in the first and last couplet of each stanza makes these lines into a refrain, and helps to give the poem its song-like quality. The flowing soft vowel sounds contribute to this effect, and also suggest

6、 the bleating of a lamb or the lisping character of a childs chant.Theme1 The lamb is a common metaphor for Jesus Christ, who is also called the The Lamb of God2 Blake in the songs of innocence，with childish lifes point of view，shows a full of love and kindness, compassion and happy world. The poem

7、has just 20 lines, but depicts the character of gentleness vividly. 3 The poets description about the lambs kindness and gentleness, aims to express their feeling of life and nature, and the yearning for the universe and harmonious understanding.4 He not only sings praise of gentle lamb, but also th

8、e mystical power that can create the lamb. Here the God, Jesus and the Lamb are just the one thing. The TygerTyger!Tyger! burning brightInthe forests ofthe night,Whatim mortal handor eyeCould framethy fearful symmetry?Analysis: In the this verse, the author compares the fierceness of a tiger to a bu

9、rning presence in dark forests. He wonders what immortal power could create such a fearful beast.* Line 1 is an example of synecdoche(提喻), a literary device used when a part represents the whole or the whole represents a part. In line 1 Tyger! Tyger! burning bright alludes to the predators eyes. Inw

10、hat distant deepsor skiesBurntthe fireof thineeyes?Onwhat wingsdare heas pireWhatthe hand,dare seizethe fire?Analysis: Here the poet compares the burning eyes of the tiger to distant fire that only someone with wings could reach. The poet wonders where such a powerful fire could have comeAndwhat sho

11、ulder, and what art,Could twist the sinewsof thyheartAndwhen thyheart beganto beat,Whatdread hand？and whatdread feet?Analysis: In the third stanza we have a metaphor giving us a vision a skillful and powerful blacksmith creating the tigers beating heart awakening a powerful beast. The phrase “.twist

12、 the sinews of thy heart is also an allusion to a hardheartedness that a beast of prey must have towards the creatures it kills.Whatthehammer?whatthechain?Inwhatfurnacewasthybrain?Whattheanvil?whatdreadgraspDareitsdeadlyterrorsclasp?Analysis: This verse continues the allusion to a creator, who, havi

13、ng made the fearsome beast, must confront with the sheer terror of a tigers natureWhenthestarsthrewdowntheirspears,Andwaterdheavenwiththeirtears,Didhesmilehisworktosee?DidhewhomadetheLambmakethee?Analysis: In the fifth stanza,the author, with beautiful rhetoric (personification),describes a marvelou

14、s creation process likening starlight to a symbolic destructive process.The author wonders whether the creator of the fierce and predatory tiger could make the docile, gentle lamb. He sees a conflict between the creation of heartless, burning predator and its potential victim, the lamb.Tyger!Tyger!b

15、urningbrightIntheforestsofthenightWhatimmortalhandoreye Dareframethyfearfulsymmetry?Analysis: The final verse is but a reprise, almost a chorus. It serves the purpose of repeating the wondrous question of the tigers creation and gives the reader another chance to enjoy the rhetorical and already ans

16、wered question, What immortal hand or eye?The answer lies in the readers interpretation of creation: Did God create the fearsome along with the gentle? Why does He allow the tiger to burn in the dark forest, while the lamb gambols in the glen under the stars of that very creation? The author leaves

17、it up to the reader to decide. The important thing is the question, not the answer.Background information: The Tyger is a poem by the English poet William Blake. It was published as part of his collection Songs of Experience in 1794. The Cambridge Companion to William Blake (2003) calls it the most

18、anthologized poem in English.解析题目：His choice of tyger has usually been interpreted as being for effect, perhaps to render an exotic or alien quality of the beast, or because its not really about a tiger at all, but a metaphor. The Meter: trochee tetrameter. (the poem is in trochaic tetrameter)The po

19、em is comprised of six quatrains (A quatrain is a four-line stanza) in rhymed couplets. The Rhyme Scheme： aa bb with a near rhyme(近似韵) ending the first and last stanzas, drawing attention to the tigers fearful symmetry.Rhetorical devices 1 Repetition of Tyger in line 1, dare in lines 7 & 8, heart in

20、 lines 10 & 11, what in lines12, 13, & 15, Did he in lines 19-20, and several repeats in stanzas 1 & 2 establish the poems nursery rhyme like rhythm. 2 Alliteration in The Tyger abounds and helps create a sing-song rhythm. Examples include the following: burning bright (1) frame thy fearful (4) dist

21、ant deeps (5) what wings (7) began to beat (11) dare its deadly (16) he who (20) 3 Symbolism ：(1) the tiger represents the dangers of mortality; (powerful force with terror, mystery and violence eg: fearful symmetry, dread hand, obscure in symbolic meaning) (2)the fire imagery symbolizes trials (3)

22、the forest of the night represents unknown realms or challenges; (4) the blacksmith represents the Creator; (5) the fearful symmetry symbolizes the existence of both good and evil, the knowledge that there is opposition in all things, a rather fearful symmetry indeed. * SymbolsThe Lamb: GodDistant D

23、eeps: Hell The Tiger: Evil (or Satan) Skies: Heaven 4 Metaphor: Compare the tigers eyes to fire. 5 Anaphora: Repetition of what at the beginning of sentences or clauses. (首语重复法) Example: What dread hand and what dread feet? / What the hammer? what the chain?Theme The poem is more about the creator o

24、f the tiger than it is about the tiger itself. The poet was at a loss to explain how the same God who made the lamb could make the tiger. So, the theme is: humans are incapable of fully understanding the mind of God and the mystery of his handiwork. COMPARISON between the lamb and the tyger 1 The Ty

25、ger is the sister poem to “The Lamb “Songs of Innocence”, a reflection of similar ideas from a different perspective, but it focuses more on goodness than evil.2 Both are creation poems 3 Structure of the “The Lamb” is more obviously singular when compared with the complexity of “The Tiger,” whose c

26、omplexity is achieved through layered questions without answers, while the Lamb poses a simple, singular question and then directly answers it.The sick rose O Rose, thou art sick. 啊 玫瑰 你病了The invisible worm 那看不见的虫That flies in the night 在夜里飞翔In the howling storm 在呼啸的暴风雨中Has found out thy bed 发现了你深红色

27、Of crimson joy, 快活的床And his dark secret love 他黑色的秘恋Does thy life destroy. 摧毁了你我的生命Analysisrhyme scheme: abcb (2 quatrains or 2 stanzas)images: rose, worm, storm, bed1 Line 1: The form of addressO roseis called an apostrophe. The rose here could be a metaphor for love or passion2 Line 2-3: Invisible

28、might be a metaphor for the worms quiet act of destruction.3 Line 4: The speaker mentions a howling storm, which gives the poem a more ominous tone. Howling reminds us of dogs or wolves; the sounds of those animals are here a metaphor for the storm4 Line 5-6: Bed might refer to a plot of ground in w

29、hich the rose is growing, which its not a literal bed with pillows, but a metaphor for the plot of ground. Or bed can refer to the roses petals, which is a place where insects rest or sleep. In addition, the worm manages to worm his way into the roses bed, which suggests some kind of sexual act.5 Li

30、nes 7-8: The speaker describes how the worm destroys the rose with his dark secret love. It is an example of personification, where human characteristics or emotions (love) are attributed to non-human things (namely the worm).The Rose The rose exists as a beautiful object that has become infected by

31、 a worm; also as a literary rose, the conventional symbol of love. It symbolizes innocence, nature and even pre-industrial England fall under this more encompassing category. The speaker opens by apostrophizing the rose, immediately setting a tone of despair that is intensified by the epithet of “sick”. The rose resides in a “bed”, which is a pun denoting bo