短文改错解题法.ppt

1、,短文改错专题,（1）词法内容。包括名词、代词的数与格，反身代词，动词时态语态，非谓语动词、短语动词的用法，不规则动词的变化形式，形容词的比较级，形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。 （2）句法内容。包括主谓一致、指代一致，并列连词，从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语，感叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。 （3）行文逻辑。包括句子的肯定、否定、推理判断等。,高考内容,a.(00) She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.,b.(04)After class we become stranger at once.,schoolma

2、tes,strangers,c.(01)They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subject.,subjects,1.名词,考点设置,e.(02)On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.,pictures,e. (05) There are advantage for students to work while studying at school,命题特点:本

3、来该用复数,却用单数. 或者反之。 改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份 (2)根据上下文的逻辑关系. (3)根据谓语动词的形式 (4) 记单词时分清可数不可数名词。,f. (06) He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.,advantages,idea,1. 理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系 . 2. 记清一些用于固定词组中名词的特殊用法 . 3.结合语境认真分辨同义名词或近义名词 .,治本之道,a.(02) It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mo

4、untain. The three of them were very excited.,b.(03) Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English .,c.(03) One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher .,us,2.代词,myself,it,d.(05) Some students may also save up for our college or future

5、use .,their,f.(周报)people use glass mirrors and they were careful not to break it.,命题特点： 1.女性代词指代男性或相反； 2.单数指代复数； 3.代词词性误用（人称代词和反身代词的误用；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的误用等）。 改正方法：顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指代关系，注意联系上下文。,them,mine,e. (06)Your life is quite different from me.,准确把握不同种类代词的特点。,治本之道,a.(01) we do not seem to get much t

6、ime to talk about together.,b.(02) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.,c. (03) The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.,d.(04)Well talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.,3.介词,about,e.(05)I

7、am writing to thank you with your kind help.,for,f. (周报)I like to run difference routes each day to keep from getting bored about seeing the same things over and over again.,of,命题特点：介词主要涉及搭配错误： 1）介词的基本用法错误； 2）习惯搭配错误； 3）及物不及物动词不明，如talk, serve, wait等。 4）不该用介词的地方滥用,g. (周报) Your name is put on the newsp

8、aper. .,in,(1)注重固定搭配的记忆 . (2)分类掌握各种介词本身的用法及辨析。,解决方案,a.(01) They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that-,do,b.(02) The time passes quickly. Evening came.,c.(03)She liked it very much and reads it to the class.,d. (04)I dont know that they dont

9、 like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.,4.动词时态语态,passed,read,talk,f.(05)I will write again and send you the photos we take together.,took,g. (06)We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.,had,命题特点 (1) 短文中时态的使用前后不一致 . (2) 在特定语境条件下时态的误用(如含有状语

10、从句的复合句中，主句用将来时态，而从句中则用一般现在时态) . (3) 主动语态和被动语态的混用 .,h. (周报)Most of the alarms are from small fires. They can put out in a few minutes.,for,be,(1) 通读全文，搞清文中动词时态的主旋律 . (2) 结合语境，灵活运用时态形式 . (3) 根据句意，准确把握主动与被动 . (4) 掌握各种时态的时间状语和常用语境。,解决方案,a. (00) She is smiling at me but nodding at me .,and,b. (01)It look

11、s as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.,c. (02)The food was expensive and the service was good.,or,5.andbutor误用及前后不一致,d. (06) I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.,e.(02)we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.

12、,but,and,visited,f.(周报) I packed into the suitcase things my grandparents needed ,such as clothes, glasses, an umbrella, a map.,命题特点：,and,(1)并列连词but ,and ,or, so 等词的混用。 (2)平行结构方面的错误。,g. (周报) Though he is 34, but he looks very young for his age.,(1)依据短文中的逻辑关系，准确把握词与词，句与句之间的关系. (2)排除汉语影响,识 别althoughbu

13、t 或 becauseso 等错误。,解决方案,d.(周报)I get to see a bit of Singapore where it is still sleeping.,c. (03)The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.,a.(02) It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.,b.(周报) The banks all closed at th

14、ree oclock, and my lessons dont finish after four.,while,6.从句连词,until,when,e.(05)Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as if they please.,f.(06) They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.,命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词。解答这类题从以下方面来思考： 1）

15、分析句子结构是否完整； 2）复合句中连接主句和从句的从属连词的运用是否得当等。,b. ( 01)We may be one family and live under a same roof,but-,a. (02) As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.,the,c. (04) on Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.,the,7.冠词,a,d. (05)I hope youve had

16、 pleasant journey home,a,e. (周报) Now you see how important it is to learn the second language.,a,命题特点： 1）不定冠词a和an互改； 2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the混用； 3）某些习语或固定搭配中冠词的误用,f. (周报) Im interested in English and hope to be English teacher in the future.,an,g. (周报) Mike was taken to police station.,the,h. (周报) You have

17、 more chances to achieve the success very soon.,1 牢固掌握定冠词，不定冠词和零冠词的使用规律 . 2 注意含冠词固定搭配的总结和积累 . 3. 阅读文章时留意冠词的使用，努力培养语感 .,治本之道,a. (周报)You can devote yourself to studying whole-hearted.,Whole-heartedly,b. (04)There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purp

18、oses.,personal,c. (04)Finding information on the Net is easily.,easy,d.(05) So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned.,than,8.形容词、副词,e.(周报) More important, we can make the world a better place to live in.,importantly,命题特点及改正方法： (1)形容词和副词的混用. (2)比较级和最高级的混用或误用. (3)比较级和最高级

19、修饰语的误用以及近义词的误用 .,f.(06) They came back lately and had some tea.,late,g.(周报) I found that I could jog indoors.,outdoors,h.(周报) The cat was very surprised and afraid that she ran away.,so,(1) 熟知形容词和副词的句法功能 . (2)理清短文中形容词和副词比较 等级的关系 .,解决方案,a.(01)My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.,to,b.(周报)A lot of people died when enjoy themselves in water.,talking,c.(03) Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself