M3P3 Grammar.ppt

1、,B6M3,Grammar,Objectives,To learn adverbial clauses: having (done) 2. To learn verbs followed by ing or the infinitive with to,语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。,Having lost all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school. =I felt shy and lonely bec

2、ause I had lost all my old friends.,Look at the sentences from the passage. Answer the questions below.,Having left something in the cloakroom, I went inside to get it. = I went inside because I had left something in the cloakroom. That weekend, having thought about the situation for a while, I deci

3、ded to ask Roy about the theft. = I decided to confront Roy after I had thought about the situation for a while.,Do the words in red refer to the present or the past? b) Do the two parts of each sentence refer to the same person?,The past.,Yes, they do.,1. After I had been to his house a few times,

4、I started to get to know his family. Having been to his house a few times, I started to get to know his family. 2. After I had talked to him for a while, I started to like him. Having talked to him for a while, I started to like him.,Rewrite the sentences. Begin with the word Having.,3. Because we h

5、ad lived next door to them for years, we were sad when we had to move house. Having lived next door to them for years, we were sad when we had to move house. 4. After we had argued all day, we laughed and agreed that we had been stupid. Having argued all day, we laughed and agreed that we had been s

6、tupid.,_ that she didnt do a good job, I dont think I am abler than her. (2007 陕西) A. To have said B. Having said C. To say D. Saying,实战高考,2. _ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. (2008 重庆) A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed 3. _ around the Water Cube, we were then taken

7、 to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. (2008 陕西) A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show,4. _ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car. (2008 福建) A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited 5. _ man

8、y times, he finally understood it. (2009 四川) A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told,6. Dina, _ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. (2010 湖南) A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle,7. _to work overtime th

9、at evening, I missed a wonderful film. (2012重庆) A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked,I remember meeting her for the first time. 2. You must remember to keep in touch. 3. I regret doing that now. 4. I regret to say that I have lost touch with four or five friends. (say),动词是英语

10、中最活跃的词性之一，其主要作用是在句中作谓语。在谓语动词后接动词作宾语时， 主要分为两种情况： 动词加动词不定式 动词加动名词,动词加动词不定式 能以不定式做宾语的动词很多， 常见的有：want, hope, wish, agree, try, manage, offer, decide, fail, refuse, ask, pretend, intend, attempt, teach, discuss 等。,I have learned to drive the car. They refused to accept my suggestion. He promised to come.

11、,动词加动名词 在enjoy, appreciate, admit, consider, mind, avoid, miss, cant help, deny, practise, allow, finish, imagine, forbid, suggest等动词之后要求用动名词作宾语。,a. Have you finished repairing your car? b. She suggested spending another week in the country. c. Do you feel like taking a walk.,这两种情况在意义上差别不大的词有：love,

12、like, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue, intend, attempt等。 Do you like playing (to play) chess? When did you begin learning (to learn) French?,需要我们注意的是， 有些动词既可用动词不定式也可用动名词作宾语。 这两种结构在意义上有时差别不大， 有时差别较明显。下面分别说一下这两种情况：,两种结构在意义上差别较明显的动词有: remember, forget, regret, stop, mean, try等。 I remembered postin

13、g the letter today. 我记得今天把信寄走了。 Please remember to post the letter today. 请别忘了今天把信寄走。,Lets trying doing the work in this way. 这项工作咱们这样式式看。 I will work hard, and try to improve. 我将努力工作，并设法改进。,I regret to inform you that you wont be able to attend the class. 我们遗憾地通知你们，你们将不能加 入这个班。 I regretted having d

14、one such a thing. 我后悔做了这样一件事。 Failing this exam means waiting for a year. 这次考式不通过意味着要等上一年。 I didnt mean to argue with you. 我不想和你争辩。,随着语言的发展， 这些区别也在逐渐缩小，但需要注意的是：在like, love, prefer等动词后，若表示经常性的抽象的动作，多用动名词作宾语；若指特定的或具体的行动，则用不定式更多一些。例如：,a. I like swimming, but I dont like to swim today. b. She prefers wa

15、lking to cycling. c. I prefer to stay at home today.,在begin, start等词的后面， 在下面三种情况下，后接动词不定式较好: 1. 主语是物而不是人时： Ice begins to melt. 2. 本身是v-ing 形式时: We are starting to clean the classroom. 3. 其后的动词与想法，感情有关时： I begin to realize that he is wrong.,Review,非谓语动词的having done形式； Adverbial clauses: having (done)

16、 2. 非谓语动词的-ing形式和to do形式。 Verbs followed by -ing or the infinitive with to,我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 2. 完成了家庭作业，那个男孩出去踢足球。 3. 你是否考虑过找一位挚友? 4. 这个年轻人被一颗子弹击中，倒在 地上 。 5. 我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。 6. 生病两个星期了，她感到身体很虚弱。,汉译英,Answers,1. 我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 We must try to avoid repeating the same mistake,3. 你是否考虑过找一位挚友? Have you c

17、onsidered looking for one special friend?,2. 完成了家庭作业， 那个男孩出去踢 足球。 Having finished his homework, the boy went out to play football.,4. 这个年轻人被一颗子弹击中，倒在 地上 。 Having been shot by a bullet, the young man fell down on the ground.,6. 生病两个星期了，她感到身体很虚弱。 Having been ill for two weeks, she felt very weak.,5. 我

18、永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。 I shall never forget seeing the famous writer,1. As a new driver, I have to practise _ the car in my small garage again and again. (2008上海春) A. parking B. to park C. parked D. park 2. Due to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have been forced _ their homes. (2008上海春) A.

19、 leaving B. to leave C. to be left D. being left,实战高考,3. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _ alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. (2008 湖南) A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived 4. The message is very important, so it is supposed _ as soon as possib

20、le. (2008 陕西) A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending,5. I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. (2009 陕西) A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken 6. Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. (2009 上海) A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold,7. David threatened _ his neighbor to the police if the dam