Objective clauses.pp（晒课）.ppt

1、天柱山镇中心学校 林连浩,Objective clauses,宾语从句,Can you find the objective clauses below: 1. Do you know that there are two special days for parents in America? that是引导词， there are two special days for parents in America?是作动词know的宾语从句 2. I wonder if children over there also give similar gifts to their parents.

2、if 是引导词， children over there also give similar gifts to their parents. 是作动词wonder 的宾语从句,Can you find the objective clauses below:,3. I found how we got to the hospital. how 是引导词， we got to the hospital. 是作动词found 的宾语从句. 4. I remember whom I studied English with three years ago. whom 是引导词， I studied

3、English with three years ago. 是作动词remember 的宾语从句.,名词性从句 noun clause,主语从句 subject clause,宾语从句 object clause,表语从句 predicative clause,同位语从句 appositive clause,试比较：,We know him,We know he likes English.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语,简单句,复合句,1. 什么是宾语从句？,宾语从句的概念,宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语 ，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。

4、Eg.I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I know him .（代词作宾语） I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语） 包含宾语从句的句子结构： 主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句,Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员)? Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone. I dont know if he will come tonight. Le

5、ts find out whats on tonight .,Find out the Object Clauses,注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。,e.g. 1.I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2.He said (that) he missed us very much.,1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,一、宾语从句的引导词,2.由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,I want to know if/whether she is right . They didnt kno

6、w whether Tom could come back or not .,if/whether 引导宾语从句 表示“是否” if/whether可互换, 但whetheror not为固定搭配.,一、宾语从句的引导词,3.由连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what 和连接副词 where, how, why, when引导的宾语从句,e.g. 1.Do you know whose book it is ? 2.Please tell me when well have a meeting . 3.Could you tell me why the train

7、is late? 4.He asked who could answer the question.,一、宾语从句的引导词,当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。,二、宾语从句中时态的变化,He will go to Hong Kong . He is sick. He is reading a book . He has finished his work.,He had finished his work.,He would go to Hong Kong .,He was sick.,He was reading a book .,当

8、主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。,the sun is much bigger than the moon .,Summer is after Spring .,the earth moves around the sun.,He told me (that),We knew (that),The teacher told us (that),当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。,Danny says that he will learn English. Do yo

9、u know where he came from? Please tell me how I can get to the bus station .,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。,三.宾语从句的语序,宾语从句三要素,that+陈述句,ifwhether+一般疑问句,特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句,主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态,语序,宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序,客观真理时态不变,He asked,Why are you so happy ?,Why you were so happy ?,Am I taller than you?

10、,if/whether,He asked,He taller than them.,was,1. Tom said. He is reading a book. 2. He asks me. Are they playing a game? 3. Where is the hospital? He told me. 4.Who bought the pen? He wondered. ,Tom said that he was reading a book.,He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.,He told me Where the

11、Hospital was.,He wondered who bought the pen.,注意：特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。,Who can answer the question？The teacher asked The teacher asked who could answer the question Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened? Eg: I dont know whats the matter.,1. The radio says it _clo

12、udy tomorrow. (be) 2. The headmaster hopes everything _well. (go) 3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six o clock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already.,will be,goes,were playing,have returned,Exercises,5. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) 6. He ask

13、ed what they _ at eight last night. （do) 7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) 8. I think you _ about the relay race now. （talk) 9. I didnt know whom the letters _from. (be),had been,were doing,travels,are talking,were,学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。 时态主从要呼应： 主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意； 主句若为过

14、去时，从句时态变过去； 宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。 语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。 That 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。 从句若表“是否”时，if/whether要慎记。 特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。,宾语从句歌,1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. if D. whether 2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ J

15、im can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,巩固练习,5. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ?

16、A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I dont know _ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether,B,A,B,D,9. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how could I get to t

17、he station D. how I can reach the station 10. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 11. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,12. Could you tell me where we _ next

18、week . A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go 13. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs 14. The small children dont know _. A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings,D,B,D,15. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 16. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. ha