四六级翻译练习

1、1. 中国位于亚洲东部，是世界上人口最多的国家。中国是世界四大文明古国之一，拥有大量的中华文化光辉的古迹，此外，中国地大物博，拥有茂密的森林、雄伟壮丽的瀑布、秀丽的湖泊以及如利剑直插云霄的山峰，所有这些都令世界各国人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中国以拥有五千多年的历史而自豪，遗留下无数的历史文物，其中包括珍贵珠宝、古迹名胜、宫殿，令人惊叹不已。这种种原因都促使中国成为许多人梦寐以求的旅游胜地。China lies in the east of Asia and it has the largest population in the world. China is also one of the

2、 four great ancient civilizations, and has a lot of Chinese cultural relics. Besides, it has a vast territory it has a vast territory and abundant natural resources such as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the sky like swo

3、rds. All these make China an extremely attractive place to tourists around the world. But, most importantly, China boasts/takes pride in a history of over five thousand years with innumerable/ countless historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearls and jewels, historic sit

4、es and scenic spots, palaces, all of which have won peoples admiration/are breathtaking. All these attractions make China a much-admired dream land.2 生态文明建设关系人民生活，关乎民族未来。雾霾天气影响中国大部分地区，环境污染矛盾突出，这是大自然向粗放发展方式亮起的红灯。必须加强生态环境保护，下决心用硬措施完成硬任务。我们要像对贫困宣战一样，坚决向污染宣战。生态环保功在当代、利在千秋。各级政府和全社会都要进一步积极行动起来，呵护好我们赖以生存的共

5、同家园。Ecological civilization construction is vital for peoples lives and the future of our nation. Smog is affecting larger/most parts of China, and environmental pollution has become a major problem, which is natures red-light warning against the extensive growth manner / model of inefficient and bl

6、ind development. We must strengthen protection of ecological environment and resolve to take forceful measures to complete this challenging task. We will declare/wage war against pollution and fight it with the same determination we battled poverty. Ecological conservation and environmental protecti

7、on benefit our generation and future generations. The Chinese governments at all levels and the whole Chinese society should act more vigorously to protect the land our lives depend on.3. 扩大内需的战略方针，是中国1998年应对亚洲金融危机时提出来的。在扩大进口，继续为全球经济做出贡献的同时，中国政府坚持实施扩大内需战略，内需对经济增长的贡献率明显提高。巨大的国内需求是中国经济发展的持续动力，这就决定了中国的

8、发展应以国内需求为主。扩大内需的难点和重点在消费，潜力也在消费。扩大居民消费要在提高消费能力、稳定消费预期、增强消费意愿、改善消费环境上下功夫。The strategy of expanding domestic demand was put forward in1988 to cope with the Asian Financial Crisis. While increasing imports and continuing to make contributions to global economy, Chinese government adheres to the strateg

9、y of expanding domestic demand. As a result, the contribution of domestic demand to economic growth increased significantly. It is the enormous domestic demand that drives Chinas sustainable economic growth which has determined that China should mainly rely on domestic demand for its development. Th

10、e difficulty in and the key to expanding domestic demand lies in consumption, and that is also where the potential lies. To expand individual consumption, we should enhance peoples ability to consume, keep their consumption expectations stable, boost their desire to consume, and improve the consumpt

11、ion environment.4. 据世界卫生组织调查数据显示，中国烟草消费占全球三分之一。据国家卫生部门估计，我国每年有100多万人死于与烟草有关的疾病。吸烟不仅危害自身健康，还会污染环境，危害他人健康。尽管国家卫生部门2011年就出台了公共场所禁止吸烟的规定，但这些规定并没有“严格执行”。目前，政府明确要求各级领导干部带头在医院、公共交通设施和学校等公共场所禁烟，同时，要积极宣传禁烟工作，及时制止他人在公共场所吸烟.According to the data collected by the World Health Organization, Chinese smokers consu

12、me a third of the worlds cigarettes. Chinas national health authorities estimate over a million deaths from tobacco-related diseases every year. Smoking is bad for the health of not only the smokers, but also the non-smokers because of the polluted air. Although the nations health ministry issued a

13、regulation in 2011 to ban smoking in public places, it hasnt been strictly enforced. At present, Chinese government explicitly requires officials at all levels not to smoke in public places such as hospitals, public transport or schools to set a good example for the public. Besides, they should acti

14、vely promote the anti-smoking campaign and promptly stop other people from smoking in public places.5. 近年来，中国政府增加了对旅游产业的扶持，将其定位抬高至国民经济的战略性支柱产业(strategic pillar industry)。中国国内旅游市场一派繁荣，吸引了国际社会越来越多的关注。旅游业很快就会成为全球最重要的产业之一，而中国将会是主要驱动力。中国游客们渴望在旅游过程中能有更丰富的体验和更高质量的服务。中产阶级一直被视为中国旅游业的主要推动力量，不过一些公司已经把重心转向喜欢自助游

15、的年轻人，因为年轻背包客的群体正在不断扩大。In recent years, the Chinese government has enhanced support for tourism and promoted it to a strategic pillar industry of the national economy. The booming domestic tourism market has attracted increasing international attention. Tourism is soon to become one of the worlds mos

16、t important industries, and China will be a key driving force. Chinese tourists look forward to richer experiences and higher-quality services during their journeys. Although the middle class has been regarded as the major boost for Chinese tourism, some companies have shifted focus to young people

17、who prefer self-guided tours, because the number of young backpackers is keeping increasing.6. 中国大学的教学和科研质量都已大大提高，高等院校已开始深化与国际顶尖大学的合作，这些大学也早就迫不及待地想同中国分享他们的经验。中国已经投入大量精力吸引外国学者到本国的校园从事教学和科研。全国的一些实验室和讲堂都能看到许多外国研究员。他们正直接地或间接地把外国的最佳范例介绍给中国大学。The teaching and research at Chinese universities has improved

18、significantly. The higher institutions have begun to deepen cooperation with leading world universities which have been eager to share their experiences with China. China has invested a lot of energy in attracting international scholars to teach and research on Chinese campuses. Many international r

19、esearchers can be found in labs and lecture halls throughout the country. They are bringing, both directly and indirectly, international best practices to Chinese universities.7. 互联网对中国经济来讲犹如另外一场改革开放，如今互联网产业已经成为中国经济增长的主要驱动力量，成为连接科技发展与经济发展的重要桥梁。发展网络经济既可以推动生产，又可以拉动消费。它使生产与消费之间的联系更为直接，减少大量的中间环节，从而极大地降低

20、了成本，提高了经济运行效率。毋庸置疑，互联网将继续对中国经济产生深远的影响。 For Chinese economy, the Internet is another form of “Reform and Opening Up”. Nowadays, it has already become the main driver for Chinas economic growth, serving as an important bridge between technological development and economic development. Developing netwo

21、rk-based economy can not only promote production, but also stimulate consumption. It helps to establish more direct links between production and consumption. Thanks to fewer intermediate links, the costs have been reduced and the economic efficiency has been improved. There is no doubt that the Inte

22、rnet will continue to have a profound impact on Chinas economy.8. 科举考试（Keju）是中国古代人才选拔的一种方式。由于采用分科目选举人才的办法，所以叫作科举。隋炀帝于公元605年开设进士科（the imperial examination system）,用考试办法来选拔人才，这标志着科举制度的形成，它把读书、考试和做官三者紧密结合起来，揭开了中国选举史上崭新的一页。唐朝承袭了隋朝的人才选拔制度，并做了进一步的完善。因此，科举制度逐渐完备起来。科举考试实行了1000多年，实践中逐渐形成的一些较好的制度，至今在我们的社会生活中发

23、挥着作用。 公务员考试Civil Service ExaminationKeju, or the imperial examination, was a means to select talents in ancient China. It got its name since it adopted methods of selecting talents through a range of different subjects. In 605 AD, Emperor Sui Yangdi established the imperial examination system to sel

24、ect talents, which symbolized/marked the establishment of the imperial examination system. It combines reading, taking examinations and seeking officials closely, opening up a new page in the history of Chinas the talent recruitment system. Tang Dynasty followed the talent recruitment system of Sui

25、Dynasty, and further improved it. Consequently, the imperial examination system gradually became more and more perfect. In the over 1000 years implementation of the imperial examination, some good systems have been set up in practice, exerting a modern influence on our social life.9. 东汉（the Eastern

26、Han Dynasty）年末，蔡伦的造纸术被广泛运用。到了公元3至5世纪的两晋时期（period of Eastern and Western Jin Dynasties）,人们利用纸张写字，并由此发展出写在纸上的书法艺术（calligraphy）.中国的造纸术先后传到了越南、朝鲜、日本。公元7世纪左右，又传到了印度。造纸术还通过陆上丝绸之路（the Silk Road）传到了西亚、欧洲。欧洲的造纸业大致从公元12世纪开始，在这之前，欧洲人主要使用羊皮等来书写，据说书写一本圣经，需要三百多张羊皮，可见其昂贵程度。造纸业的兴盛，开创了人类文明的新纪元。In the late of the Eas

27、tern Han Dynasty, Cai Luns paper making technology broadly came into use. In the period of Eastern and Western Jin Dynasties (the 3rd to 5th century AD), people began to write on paper and calligraphy on paper was developed correspondingly. Chinese paper making technology was introduced to Vietnam,

28、Korea and Japan, and then to India around the 7th century. It also spread to Western Asia and Europe. European paper making technology generally started from the 12th century. Before that, Europeans mainly wrote on sheepskins. It is said a Bible needed more than 300 sheepskins, which was evidently e

29、xpensive. The rise of papermaking industry started a new era of human civilization.10. 说到中国文化，不得不提到长城。从公元前7世纪到公元16世纪，在大约2200年的时间里，先后有19个朝代修过长城，所修的长城累计有10万千米以上。三次浩大的长城修建工程，是在秦代、汉代和明代。现今存有遗迹的主要是明长城，从东边入海口的山海关（ShanhaiPass）开始，一直到沙漠深处的嘉峪关（Jiayu Pass），全长6700千米。长城是世界历史上最伟大的工程，延续时间之长、参与人数之多、工程难度之大，在世界无出其右。W

30、hen it comes to Chinese culture, the Great Wall is the more that is definitely referred to. From the 7th century BC to the 16th century AD, through about 2200 years, the Great Wall was built in 19 dynasties and reached the length more than 100,000 kilometers. Three major constructions and renovation

31、 were carried out in Qin, Han and Ming dynasties. The Great Wall we visit nowadays is mainly the Great Wall of Ming dynasty, stretching 6,700 kilometers from Shanghai Pass on the eastern seashore to Jiayu Pass in the depth of desert. The Great Wall is the greatest project in the history of the world

32、, for its unparalleled span of construction, numbers of labor and difficulty.11. 几千年的中国文化充实着中国梦，同时，过去三十几年的改革开放也激励着中国梦。中国梦最显著的特征是包容性和双赢合作。这些也是使中国梦扩大它的全球影响范围和被其他国家的人民认可的基本特征。中国梦是民族复兴的梦。它是建设一个强大繁荣的国家，给中国人民带来幸福生活的梦。中国梦需要维持稳定健康的经济发展，科学管理社会，以及有效应对外部发展的风险和挑战。The Chinese dream has been enriched by thousands

33、 of years of Chinese culture and inspired by the past three decades of reform and opening-up. The most noticeable features of the Chinese dream include inclusiveness and win-win cooperation. These are the very features that will enable the Chinese dream to expand its global reach and be recognized b

34、y people of other nations. The Chinese dream is the dream of national rejuvenation. It is the dream of building a powerful and prosperous state, a dream of bringing happiness in the lives of the Chinese people. It entails sustaining steady and healthy economic growth, scientifically managing the Chinese society, and effectively responding to the external risks and challenges./ To achi