高中英语 Unit 1 Living well Part III Grammar 不定式完成时的用法学案新人教版选修7

1、Unt 1 Living wellPart III Grammar不定式完成时的用法一、【学习目标】1. 能根据例句，分析并总结不定式的完成时的用法。2. 把握不定式完成时基本结构之后，学会灵活运用。二、【基础知识】Step 1. Read the following sentences chosen from the reading text and decide what the infinitives act as in the sentences. As the subject (S)As the predicative (P)As the object (O)As the objec

2、t complement (Oc)As the attributive (A)As the adverbial (Ad)1. It is difficult to know what the future holds. ( )2. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time. ( )3. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. ( )4. Does the disability make it difficult

3、for them to do some things? ( )5. Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but Im very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. ( )6. A big company has decided to buy it from me. ( )7. In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become mo

4、re independent. ( )8. It gives ordinary young people with a disability a chance to tell their personal stories. ( )9. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. ( )10. What have they done to try to overcome these disabilities? ( )11. He had the questions to read to

5、them and used dictation to give his answers into a special machine. ( )12. I have to work hard to live a normal life. ( )Step II. Observe the following groups of sentences and then discuss with each other to come to a conclusion.研读思考A. Im expecting to hear from you.Mary seems to be thinking deeply.I

6、m sorry to have kept you waiting. He is said to have been writing a novel. Im wondering whether he has finished it.B. She asks to be treated equally.The telephone is considered to have been invented by Bell.C. How to solve the problem remains to be discussed.What concerns me most is whom to depend o

7、n.Im still wondering what time to start off tomorrow.【结构归纳】1. 不定式有四种时态的变化，一般时_,表_的动作；进行时_,表_的动作；完成时_,表_的动作；完成进行时_,表_。2. 不定式的四种时态中，只有_种时态有相应的被动语态，即_时的被动语态_和_时的被动语态_。3. 疑问词+不定式构成的不定式短语，在句中通常作_,_,和_；疑问词包括疑问代词_,疑问副词_以及whether+不定式（不可以用if）Step III. Key points1.研读思考1. I would love to have gone to the cinem

8、a last night, but I didnt finish my homework.2. I intended to have helped you, but I was too busy.【结构归纳】不定式的完成时除表示 ，还可以用于某些动词后(通常为表示_一类的动词)，表示本想做而实际上却没有做的动作。【操练巩固】1. Im sorry (wait) 很抱歉让你等了那么久。2. You seemed to_ written by Mr. Smith. (read)你似乎读过史密斯写的书。2. 研读思考 不定式做状语1. She was surprised to see George

9、walk in.2. Im ashamed to have to trouble you.3. To succeed, one must first of all believe in himself.4. She raised her voice so as to make herself heard. 5. The husband left his wife, never to return.6. We hurried to the station only to be told that the train had left.【结构归纳】不定式做状语，通常表示 ，与某些表情感的形容词连用

10、则表原因。不定式做结果状语时，多表示 ，常与only连用，译为 。对比之下，现在分词作结果状语常表示 【操练巩固】1. The news reporters hurried to the airport, . (tell) 记者们匆匆赶到机场，却被告知那个明星已经离开了机场。2. He died, . (leave) 他死了，什么也没留下给他的孩子们。3. 研读思考 不定式做定语a. He was the first guest to arrive. I am the only man to hear the news.You are the right person to do the jo

11、b.【结构归纳】当中心词是the first, the last, the only, the right等名词时，只能用 做定语。b. Could you lend me a pen to write with? Maria is a pleasant person to work with. Jazz is exciting music to listen to.做定语的不定式如果是 ，其后要有必要的介词。【操练巩固】1. Betty was the first _(know). 贝蒂是第一个知道真相的人。2. The room is so crowded that I .(sit) 这个

12、房间如此拥挤以至于我没有椅子坐了。4. 研读思考 不定式做补语a. I didnt notice Jenny enter the room. His father made him do a lot of housework every day.请将以上两句改为被动句：1. _. 2. _.【结构归纳】在感官动词（see,hear, watch, find, observe,notice, feel）和使役动词（have,make,let）后要 ,但在其相应的 句型中则要还原to.b. I saw him enter the room sit down and light a cigarett

13、e.【结构归纳】如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词-ing形式。【操练巩固】1. theclassroomforbeinglate.(enter) 因为迟到，他被禁止进入教室。2. The teacher everyday.(make) 老师每天让学生做适量的家庭作业。5. 研读思考 不定式做宾语a. Youd better listen to your teachers opinion. We had best call for the doctor at once.I would rather stay at home playing computer game

14、s all day.【结构归纳】在had better, had best, would rather, would rather.than, cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but等结构后直接跟 或 。b. The only thing I could do was go home. I could do nothing but wait. 【结构归纳】如不定式前有 ，那么在表语中的不定式或者介词except/but之后的不定式通常 。c. Wethinkitquiteimportantforustolearnaforeign langu

15、agewell. Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.【结构归纳】当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后, 句式为_。【操练巩固】1. I back. (decide) 我决定把钱要回来。2. I my people heart and soul. (serve) 我把全心全意为人民服务当做自己的职责。6. 研读思考 不定式做补足语a. I have a large family to provide for.Weve a lot of difficulties to overcome for the time being.The

16、re is nothing to worry about. He has no friend to depend on. 【结构归纳】不定式用于某些动词 的宾语后做定语且与其修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时。b. The work is easy to do.These signs are hard to see clearly. The article is difficult to understand.Francis is easy to get along with.【结构归纳】在“be+性质形容词+不定式”句型中，不定式与句子的主语构成了逻辑上的动宾关系。【操练巩固】We didnt

17、 expect you _here.(在等我们) (wait)7. 研读思考 不定式在with复合结构中(1) With so much work to do, I shall not be able to go to the cinema with you.(2) With him to stay in the house, I feel quite safe.(3) Without anything to eat, he died of hunger.【结构归纳】“with/without + 名词 + 不定式“结构在句子中通常起 的作用。【操练巩固】 , I set off quite

18、early in the morning. (catch)因为要赶一辆早班车，我很早就出门了。8. 研读思考 不定式的独立结构He is a nice person, to be sure. 毫无疑问,他是一个好人.【头脑风暴】不定式的独立结构常用短语有 Step . 操练巩固 1. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 2. Ive worked with childr

19、en before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects3. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to4. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B.

20、to take C. being taken D. taking5. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing6. _late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 7. With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly

21、-elected president is having a hard time.1. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled8. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the earth a better place to live. A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing9. In order to gain a bigger

22、share in the international market, many state-run companies are trying _their products more competitive. A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made10. The teacher asked us_so much noise. A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make11. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up

23、 from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. growing D. to grow12. I had Helens brother _ the windows, but Helen had them _ instead. A. to clean； cleanedB. cleaned； clean C. cleaning； cleaned D. clean； cleaned13. The building _ next month will be a modern hospital. A. built B. being built C. to be built D. t

24、o builtII. Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given words.1. This company was the first _ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world. (produce)2. Helen had to shout to make herself _above the sound of the music . (hear)3. I dont know whether you happen_ about it ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September. (hear)4. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _the