高级英语2love is a fallacy中英译文

1、Cool was I and logical. Keen, calculating, perspicacious, acute and astuteI was all of these. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, precise as a chemists scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. Andthink of it!I only eighteen.我这个人头脑冷静，逻辑思维能力强。敏锐、慎重、聪慧、深刻、机智一一这些就是我的特点。我的大脑像发电机一样发达，像化学家的天平一样精确，像手术刀一样锋利。一一

2、你知道吗?我才十八岁呀。It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. Take, for example, Petey Bellows, my roommate at the university. Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. A nice enough fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. Emotional type. Unstable. Impressionable. Worst of all,

3、 a faddist. Fads, I submit, are the very negation of reason. To be swept up in every new craze that comes along, to surrender oneself to idiocy just because everybody else is doing itthis, to me, is the acme of mindlessness. Not, however, to Petey.年纪这么轻而智力又如此非凡的人并不常有。就拿在明尼苏达大学跟我同住一个房间的皮蒂伯奇来说吧，他跟我年龄相

4、仿，经历一样，可他笨得像头驴。小伙子长得年轻漂亮，可惜脑子里却空空如也。他易于激动，情绪反复无常，容易受别人的影响。最糟的是他爱赶时髦。我认为，赶时髦就是最缺乏理智的表现。见到一种新鲜的东西就跟着学，以为别人都在那么干，自己也就卷进去傻干这在我看来，简直愚蠢至极，但皮蒂却不以为然。One afternoon I found Petey lying on his bed with an expression of such distress on his face that I immediately diagnosed appendicitis. “Dont move,” I said, “D

5、ont take a laxative. Ill get a doctor.”“Raccoon,” he mumbled thickly.“Raccoon?” I said, pausing in my flight.“I want a raccoon coat,” he wailed.I perceived that his trouble was not physical, but mental. “Why do you want a raccoon coat?”一天下午我看见皮蒂躺在床上，脸上显露出一种痛苦不堪的表情，我立刻断定他是得了阑尾炎。“别动，”我说，“别吃泻药，我就请医生来。”

6、“浣熊，”他咕哝着说。“浣熊?”我停下来问道。“我要一件浣熊皮大衣，”他痛苦地哭叫着。我明白了，他不是身体不舒服，而是精神上不太正常。“你为什么要浣熊皮大衣?”“I should have known it,” he cried, pounding his temples. “I should have known theyd come back when the Charleston came back. Like a fool I spent all my money for textbooks, and now I cant get a raccoon coat.”“我本早该知道，”他哭

7、叫着，用拳头捶打着太阳穴，“我早该知道查尔斯登舞再度流行时，浣熊皮大衣也会时兴起来的。我真傻，钱都买了课本，可现在不能买浣熊皮大衣了。”“Can you mean,” I said incredulously, “that people are actually wearing raccoon coats again?”“All the Big Men on Campus are wearing them. Whereve you been?”In the library,” I said, naming a place not frequented by Big Men on Campus.

8、He leaped from the bed and paced the room. “Ive got to have a raccoon coat,” he said passionately. “Ive got to!” 我带着怀疑的眼神问道：“你是说人们真的又要穿浣熊皮大衣吗?”“校园里有身分的人哪个不穿?你刚从哪儿来?”“图书馆，”我说了一个有身分的人不常去的地方。他从床上一跃而起，在房间里踱来踱去。“我一定要弄到一件浣熊皮大衣，”他激动地说，“非弄到不可!”“Petey, why? Look at it rationally. Raccoon coats are unsanitary

9、. They shed. They smell bad. They weigh too much. Theyre unsightly. They”“You dont understand,” he interrupted impatiently. “Its the thing to do. Dont you want to be in the swim?”“No,” I said truthfully.“Well, I do,” he declared. “Id give anything for a raccoon coat. Anything!” My brain, that precis

10、ion instrument, slipped into high gear. “Anything?” I asked, looking at him narrowly.“Anything,” he affirmed in ringing tones.“皮蒂，你怎么啦?冷静地想一想吧，浣熊皮大衣不卫生，掉毛，味道难闻，既笨重又不好看，而且“你不懂，”他不耐烦地打断我的话。“这就叫时髦。难道你不想赶时髦吗?”“不想，”我坦率地回答。“好啦，我可想着呢!”他肯定地说。“只要有浣熊皮大衣，要我什么我都给，什么都行!” 我的大脑一一这件精密的仪器一一即刻运转起来。我仔细地打量着他，问道：“什么都行?”

11、“什么都行!”他斩钉截铁地说。I stroked my chin thoughtfully. It so happened that I knew where to get my hands on a raccoon coat. My father had had one in his undergraduate days; it lay now in a trunk in the attic back home. It also happened that Petey had something I wanted. He didnt have it exactly, but at least

12、 he had first rights on it. I refer to his girl, Polly Espy.我若有所思地抚着下巴。好极了，我知道哪儿能弄到浣熊皮大衣。我父亲在大学读书时就穿过一件，现在还放在家里顶楼的箱子里。恰好皮蒂也有我需要的东西。尽管他还没有弄到手，但至少他有优先权。我说的是他的女朋友波利埃斯皮。I had long coveted Polly Espy. Let me emphasize that my desire for this young woman was not emotional in nature. She was, to be sure, a

13、 girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let my heart rule my head. I wanted Polly for a shrewdly calculated, entirely cerebral reason.我早已钟情于波利埃斯皮了。我要特别说明的是，我想得到这妙龄少女并不是由于感情的驱使。她确实是个易于使人动情的姑娘。可我不是那种让感情统治理智的人，我想得到波利是经过了慎重考虑的，完全是出于理智上的原因。I was a freshman in law school. In a few years I wou

14、ld be out in practice. I was well aware of the importance of the right kind of wife in furthering a lawyers career. The successful lawyers I had observed were, almost without exception, married to beautiful, gracious, intelligent women. With one omission, Polly fitted these specifications perfectly.

15、我是法学院一年级的学生，过不了几年就要挂牌当律师了。我很清楚，一个合适的妻子对一个律师的前途来说是非常重要的。我发现大凡有成就的律师几乎都是和美丽、文雅、聪明的女子结婚的。波利只差一条就完全符合这些条件了。我也说一句Beautiful she was. She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt that time would supply the lack. She already had the makings.她漂亮。尽管她的身材还没有挂在墙上的美女照片那么苗条，但我相信时间会弥补这个不足。她已经大致不差了。Gracious she

16、 was. By gracious I mean full of graces. She had an erectness of carriage, an ease of bearing, a poise that clearly indicated the best of breeding. At table her manners were exquisite. I had seen her at the Kozy Kampus Korner eating the specialty of the housea sandwich that contained scraps of pot r

17、oast, gravy, chopped nuts, and a dipper of sauerkrautwithout even getting her fingers moist.她温文尔雅我这里是指她很有风度。她婷婷玉立，落落大方，泰然自若，一眼就看得出她很有教养。她进餐时，动作是那样的优美。我曾看见过她在“舒适的校园之角（Kozy Kampus Korner）”吃名点一块夹有几片带汁的炖肉和碎核桃仁的三明治，还有一小杯泡菜手指儿一点儿也没有沾湿。Intelligent she was not. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction.

18、 But I believed that under my guidance she would smarten up. At any rate, it was worth a try. It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.她不聪明，实际上恰好相反。但我相信有我的指导，她会变得聪明的。无论如何可以试一试，使一个漂亮的笨姑娘变得聪明比使一个聪明的丑姑娘变得漂亮毕竟要容易些。“Petey,” I said, “are you in

19、 love with Polly Espy?”“I think shes a keen kid,” he replied, “but I dont know if youd call it love. Why?”“Do you,” I asked, “have any kind of formal arrangement with her? I mean are you going steady or anything like that?”“No. We see each other quite a bit, but we both have other dates. Why?”“Is th

20、ere,” I asked, “any other man for whom she has a particular fondness?”“皮蒂，”我说，“你在跟波利谈恋爱吧?”“我觉得她是一个讨人喜欢的姑娘，”他回答说，“但我不知道这是不是就叫做爱情。你问这个干吗?”“你和她有什么正式的安排吗?我是说你们是不是常有约会，或者有诸如此类的事情?”我问。“没有，我们常常见面。但我们俩各自有别的约会。你问这个干嘛?”“还有没有别人使她特别喜欢呢?”我问道。“Not that I know of. Why?”I nodded with satisfaction. “In other words,

21、if you were out of the picture, the field would be open. Is that right?”“I guess so. What are you getting at?”“Nothing , nothing,” I said innocently, and took my suitcase out the closet.“Where are you going?” asked Petey.“Home for weekend.” I threw a few things into the bag.“那我可不知道。你问这些干吗?”我满意地点点头说：

22、“这就是说。如果你不在，场地就是空着的。你说是吗?”“我想是这样。你这话是什么意思?”“没什么，没什么，”我若无其事地说，接着把手提皮箱从壁橱里拿了出来。“你去哪儿?”皮蒂问。“回家过周末。”我把几件衣服扔进了提箱。“Listen,” he said, clutching my arm eagerly, “while youre home, you couldnt get some money from your old man, could you, and lend it to me so I can buy a raccoon coat?”“I may do better than th

23、at,” I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left.“听着，”他焦急的抓住我的胳膊说，“你回家后，从你父亲那儿弄点钱来借给我买一件浣熊皮大衣，好吗?”“也许不仅只是这样呢。”我神秘地眨着眼睛说，随后关上皮箱就走了。“Look,” I said to Petey when I got back Monday morning. I threw open the suitcase and revealed the huge, hairy, gamy object that my father had worn in his St

24、utz Bearcat in 1925.星期一上午我回到学校时对皮蒂说：“你瞧!”我猛地打开皮箱，那件肥大、毛茸茸、散发着怪味的东西露了出来，这就是我父亲1925年在施图茨比尔凯特汽车里穿过的那一件浣熊皮大衣。“Holy Toledo!” said Petey reverently. He plunged his hands into the raccoon coat and then his face. “Holy Toledo!” he repeated fifteen or twenty times.“Would you like it?” I asked.“Oh yes!” he cr

25、ied, clutching the greasy pelt to him. Then a canny look came into his eyes. “What do you want for it?”“Your girl.” I said, mincing no words.“Polly?” he said in a horrified whisper. “You want Polly?”“Thats right.”“太好了!”皮蒂恭敬的说。他把两只手插进那件皮大衣，然后把头也埋了进去。“太好啦!”他不断地重复了一二十遍。“你喜欢吗?”我问道。“哦，喜欢!”他高声叫着，把那满是油腻的毛皮

26、紧紧地搂在怀里。接着他眼里露出机警的神色，说着：“你要什么换呢?”“你的女朋友，”我毫不讳言地说。“波利?”他吃惊了，结结巴巴地说，“你要波利?”“是的。”He flung the coat from him. “Never,” he said stoutly.I shrugged. “Okay. If you dont want to be in the swim, I guess its your business.”他把皮大衣往旁一扔，毫不妥协的说：“那可不行。” 我耸了耸肩膀说：“好吧，如果你不想赶时髦，那就随你的便好了。”I sat down in a chair and prete

27、nded to read a book, but out of the corner of my eye I kept watching Petey. He was a torn man. First he looked at the coat with the expression of a waif at a bakery window. Then he turned away and set his jaw resolutely. Then he looked back at the coat, with even more longing in his face. Then he tu

28、rned away, but with not so much resolution this time. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning. Finally he didnt turn away at all; he just stood and stared with mad lust at the coat.我在一把椅子上坐了下来，假装读书，暗暗地瞟着皮蒂。他神情不安，用面包店窗前的流浪儿那种馋涎欲滴的神情望着那件皮大衣，接着扭过头去，坚定地咬紧牙关。过了一会儿，他又回过头来把目光投向那件

29、皮大衣，脸上露出更加渴望的神情。等他再扭过头去，已经不那么坚决了。他看了又看，越看越爱，慢慢地决心也就减弱了。最后他再也不扭过头去，只是站在那儿，贪婪地盯着那件皮大衣。“It isnt as though I was in love with Polly,” he said thickly. “Or going steady or anything like that.”“Thats right,” I murmured.“Whats Polly to me, or me to Polly?”“Not a thing,” said I.“Its just been a casual kickj

30、ust a few laughs, thats all.”“Try on the coat,” said I.“我和波利好像不是在谈恋爱，”他含含糊糊地说。“也说不上经常约会或有诸如此类的事情。”“好的，”我低声地说。“波利对我算得了什么?我对波利又算得了什么?”“只不过是一时高兴-不过是说说笑笑罢了，如此而已。”“试试大衣吧。”我说He complied. The coat bunched high over his ears and dropped all the way down to his shoe tops. He looked like a mound of dead racco

31、ons. “Fits fine,” he said happily.I rose from my chair. “Is it a deal?” I asked, extending my hand.He swallowed. “Its a deal,” he said and shook my hand.“他照办了。衣领蒙住了他的耳朵，下摆一直拖到脚跟。他看起 来活像一具浣熊尸体。他高兴地说：“挺合身的。” “我从椅子上站了起来。“成交了吗?”我说着，把手伸向他。 他轻易地接受了。“算数”他说，并跟我握了握手。I had my first date with Polly the followi

32、ng evening. This was in the nature of a survey; I wanted to find out just how much work I had to do to get her mind up to the standard I required. I took her first to dinner. “Gee, that was a delish dinner,” she said as we left the restaurant. Then I took her to a movie. “Gee, that was a marvy movie

33、,” she said as we left the theatre. And then I took her home. “Gee, I had a sensaysh time,” she said as she bade me good night.第二天晚上，我与波利第一次约会了。这一次实际上是我对她的考察。我想弄清要作多大的努力才能使她的头脑达到我的要求。我首先请她去吃饭。“哈，这顿饭真够意思，”离开餐馆时她说。然后我请她去看电影。“嘿，这片子真好看，”走出影院时她说。最后我送她回家。和我道别时她说：“嘿，今晚玩得真痛快。”I went back to my room with a h

34、eavy heart. I had gravely underestimated the size of my task. This girls lack of information was terrifying. Nor would it be enough merely to supply her with information. First she had to be taught to think. This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted to give her back

35、 to Petey. But then I got to thinking about her abundant physical charms and about the way she entered a room and the way she handled a knife and fork, and I decided to make an effort.我带着不大痛快的心情回到了房间。我对这任务的艰巨性估计得太低了。这姑娘的知识少得叫人吃惊。只是给她增加知识还不够，首先得教她学会思考。这可不是一件容易的事，当时我真想把她还给皮蒂算了。但我一想到她那充满魅力的身材，她那进屋时的模样，

36、她那拿刀叉的姿式，我还是决定再作一番努力。I went about it, as in all things, systematically. I gave her a course in logic. It happened that I, as a law student, was taking a course in logic myself, so I had all the facts at my fingertips. “Poll,” I said to her when I picked her up on our next date, “tonight we are going

37、 over to the Knoll and talk.”就像做其他的事情一样，我开始有计划地干了起来。我开始给她上辑课。幸好我是一个学法律的学生，我自己也正在学逻辑学，所以对要教的内容我都很熟悉。当我接她赴第二次约会时，我对她说：“今晚上咱们去小山谈谈吧”。“Oo, terrif,” she replied. One thing I will say for this girl: you would go far to find another so agreeable.We went to the Knoll, the campus trysting place, and we sat d

38、own under an old oak, and she looked at me expectantly. “What are we going to talk about?” she asked.“Logic.”She thought this over for a minute and decided she liked it. “Magnif,” she said.“啊，好极了，”她回答道。对这姑娘我要补充一句的是，像她这么好商量的人是不多见的。我们去了“小山”，这是校园里人们幽会的地方。我们坐在一棵老橡树下，她用期待的眼神看着我。“我们谈些什么呢?”她问。“逻辑学。”她想了一会儿，

39、觉得不错，便说：“好极了。”“Logic,” I said, clearing my throat, “is the science of thinking. Before we can think correctly, we must first learn to recognize the common fallacies of logic. These we will take up tonight.” “Wow-dow!” she cried, clapping her hands delightedly.I winced, but went bravely on. “First le

40、t us examine the fallacy called Dicto Simpliciter.”“逻辑学，”我清了清嗓了，“就是思维的科学。在我们能正确地思维之前，首先必须学会判别逻辑方面的常见谬误。我们今晚就要来谈谈这些。” “哇!”她叫了起来，高兴地拍着手。我打了个寒噤，但还是鼓足勇气讲下去：“首先我们来考究一下被称为绝对判断的谬误。” “好呀!”她眨了眨眼，催促着。“By all means,” she urged, batting her lashes eagerly.“Dicto Simpliciter means an argument based on an unquali

41、fied generalization. For example: Exercise is good. Therefore everybody should exercise.”“I agree,” said Polly earnestly. “I mean exercise is wonderful. I mean it builds the body and everything.”“绝对判断指的是根据一种无条件的前提推出的论断。譬如说，运动是有益的，因此人人都要运动。”“不错，”波利认真地说，“运动是非常有益的，它能增强体质，好处太多了!”“Polly,” I said gently,

42、“the argument is a fallacy. Exercise is good is an unqualified generalization. For instance, if you have heart disease, exercise is bad, not good. Many people are ordered by their doctors not to exercise. You must qualify the generalization. You must say exercise is usually good, or exercise is good

43、 for most people. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. Do you see?”“波利，”我温和地说，“这种论点是谬误。运动有益是一种无条件的前提。比方说，假设你得了心脏病，运动不但无益，反而有害，有不少人医生就不准他们运动。你必须给这种前提加以限制。你应该说，一般来说运动是有益的。或者说，对大多数人是有益的。否则就是犯了绝对判断的错误，懂吗?” “No,” she confessed. “But this is marvy. Do more! Do more!”“It will be better if you

44、stop tugging at my sleeve,” I told her, and when she desisted, I continued. “Next we take up a fallacy called Hasty Generalization. Listen carefully: You cant speak French. Petey Bellows cant speak French. I must therefore conclude that nobody at the University of Minnesota can speak French.”“不懂，”她坦

45、率地说。“这可太有意思了，讲吧!往下讲吧!”“你最好别拉我袖子了，”我对她说。等她松了手，我继续讲：“下面我们讲一种被称为草率结论的谬误。你仔细听：你不会讲法语，我不会讲法语，皮蒂也不会讲法语。因此我就会断定在明尼苏达大学谁也不会讲法语。”“Really?” said Polly, amazed. “Nobody?”I hid my exasperation. “Polly, its a fallacy. The generalization is reached too hastily. There are too few instances to support such a conclu

46、sion.”“Know any more fallacies?” she asked breathlessly. “This is more fun than dancing even.”“真的?”波利好奇的问道，“谁也不会吗?” 我压住火气。“波利，这是一种谬误，这是一种草率的结论。能使这种结论成立的例证太少了。”“你还知道其他的谬误吗?”她气喘吁吁地说：“这真比跳舞还有意思啦!”I fought off a wave of despair. I was getting nowhere with this girl, absolutely nowhere. Still, I am nothi

47、ng if not persistent. I continued. “Next comes Post Hoc. Listen to this: Lets not take Bill on our picnic. Every time we take him out with us, it rains.”我极力地使自己不灰心。我真拿这姑娘没办法，的确是毫无办法。可是，如果我不坚持下去，我就太没有用了。因此，我继续讲下去。“现在听我讲讲牵强附会的谬误。听着：我们不要带比尔出去野餐。每次带他一起去，天就下雨。”“I know somebody just like that,” she exclai

48、med. “A girl back homeEula Becker, her name is. It never fails. Every single time we take her on a picnic”“Polly,” I said sharply, “its a fallacy. Eula Becker doesnt cause the rain. She has no connection with the rain. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker.”“我就见过这样的人，”她感叹地说。“我们家乡有个女孩，名

49、叫尤拉蓓克尔。从没有例外，每次我们带她去野餐”“波利，”我严厉地说，“这是一种谬误。下雨并不是尤拉蓓克尔造成的，下雨与她没有任何关系。如果你责怪尤拉蓓克尔，你就是犯了牵强附会的错误。”“Ill never do it again,” she promised contritely. “Are you mad at me?”I sighed. “No, Polly, Im not mad.”“Then tell me some more fallacies.”“All right. Lets try Contradictory Premises.”“Yes, lets,” she chirped

50、, blinking her eyes happily.“我再也不这样了，”她懊悔地保证说。“你生我的气了吗?”我深深地叹了一口气：“不，波利，我没生气。”“那么，给我再讲些谬误吧!”“好，让我们来看看矛盾前提吧。”“行，行，”她叽叽喳喳地叫着，两眼闪现出快乐的光芒。I frowned, but plunged ahead. “Heres an example of Contradictory Premises: If God can do anything, can He make a stone so heavy that He wont be able to lift it?”“Of c

51、ourse,” she replied promptly.“But if He can do anything, He can lift the stone,” I pointed out.“Yeah,” she said thoughtfully. “Well, then I guess He cant make the stone.”“But He can do anything,” I reminded her.She scratched her pretty, empty head. “Im all confused,” she admitted.我皱了皱眉头，但还是接着讲下去。“这里

52、有一个矛盾前提的例子：如果上帝是万能的，他能造出一块连他自己也搬不动的大石头吗?”“当然能，”她毫不犹豫地回答道。“但是如果他是万能的，他就能搬动那块石头呀，”我提醒她。“是嘛!”她若有所思地说，“嗯，我想他造不出那样的石头。”“但他是万能的啊，”我进一步提醒她。 她用手抓了抓她那漂亮而又空虚的脑袋。“我全搞糊涂了，”她承认说。“Of course you are. Because when the premises of an argument contradict each other, there can be no argument. If there is an irresistib

53、le force, there can be no immovable object. If there is an immovable object, there can be no irresistible force. Get it?”“Tell me more of this keen stuff,” she said eagerly.“你确实糊涂了。因为一种论点的各个前提相互问是矛盾的，这种论点就不能成立。如果有一种不可抗拒的力量就不可能有一种不可移动的物体；如果有一种不可移动的物体，就不可能有一种不可抗拒的力量。懂吗?”“再给我讲些这类新奇的玩意儿吧，”她恳切地说。I consul

54、ted my watch. “I think wed better call it a night. Ill take you home now, and you go over all the things youve learned. Well have another session tomorrow night.”我看了看表，说：“我想今晚就谈到这里。我现在该送你回去了。你把所学的东西复习一遍，我们明晚上再来上一课吧。”I deposited her at the girls dormitory, where she assured me that she had had a perf

55、ectly terrif evening, and I went glumly home to my room. Petey lay snoring in his bed, the raccoon coat huddled like a great hairy beast at his feet. For a moment I considered waking him and telling him that he could have his girl back. It seemed clear that my project was doomed to failure. The girl

56、 simply had a logic-proof head.我把她送到了女生宿舍，在那里她向我保证说这个晚上她过得非常痛快。我闷闷不乐地回到了我的房间，皮蒂正鼾声如雷地睡在床上。那件浣熊皮大衣像一头多毛的野兽扒在他的脚边。我当时真想把他叫醒，告诉他可以把他的女朋友要回去。看来我的计划会要落空了。这姑娘对逻辑简直是一点儿都不开窍。But then I reconsidered. I had wasted one evening; I might as well waste another. Who knew? Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of h

57、er mind a few members still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame. Admittedly it was not a prospect fraught with hope, but I decided to give it one more try.但是我回过头一想，既然已经浪费了一个晚上，不妨还是再花一个晚上看看。天晓得，说不定她头脑里的死火山口中的什么地方，还有些火星会喷射出来呢。也许我会有办法能把这些火星扇成熊熊烈焰。当然，成功的希望是不大的，但我还是决定再试一次。Seated under the oak the next evening I said, “Our first fallacy tonight is called Ad Misericordiam.”She quivered with delight.第二天晚上我们又坐在那棵橡树下，我说：“今晚上我们要谈的第一种谬误叫做文不对题。”她高兴得都发抖了。“Listen closely,” I said. “A man applies for a job. When the boss asks him what his qualifications are, he replies that he has