现在分词做状语(讲课)92890.ppt

1、,The ing-form used as adverbial现在分词作状语,思维导图解读,现在分词的形式 （以go 和write为例）,意义：,writing,being written,going,having written,Having been written,having gone,1.v-ing与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系，与句中谓语动词同时发生，或基本上同时发生 2.having+v-ed与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系，先于谓语动词发生,句法功能,一做伴随状语：分词等于and连接两个动词或分句 二原因状语相当于as,since,because等引起的原因状语从句，常位于句首，句中

2、或句末。 三时间状语 相当于when,while,as等引导的时间状语从句，常位于句首或句末 四条件状语 相当于if等引导的条件状语从句，常位于句首 五让步状语 相当于although,though,even if,even though引起的让步状语从句，常位于句首 六结果状语 相当于so that,so等引导的结果状语从句，常位于句末,现在分词作状语学与练,把划线部分改写成分词短语 并说明其功能,1.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up.,Seeing their teacher, the students stood up.

3、,*现在分词短语作时间状语,2. After they had finished their homework, they went home.,Having finished their homework, they went home.,*现在分词短语作时间状语,*Having finished their homework表现的动作在went home( ),故用分词的( ).,之前,完成式,3.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school. 4.If you work harder at English, you will make great

4、er progress.,Being ill, he couldnt go to school.,*现在分词短语 作原因状语,Working harder at English, you will make greater progress.,*现在分词短语 作条件状语,5.Although they felt very tired，they kept running. 6.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句),*Feeling very tired, they kept running.

5、,现在分词短语 作让步状语,The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking.,*现在分词短语 作伴随状语,被 动,主 动,语态,doing having done,done being done having been done,1. When he found the door locked, he went home.,转化为分词作状语,2. (scold)by his mother, the boy hung his head.,Being scolded,3._(see) black clouds covering

6、the sky, he stopped his work and went home.,Seeing,4. (praise)for his job, Tom worked harder.,Having been praised,1.doing或者being done 同时或几乎同时发生 2.Having done或者having been done 先于主句的谓语动词之前发生 1）当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：having done 2）. 当v-ing形式被动式的动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：having been done,

7、注意,如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动作,这动作一发生,谓语表示的动作立即发生,也用分词的一般形式. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.,15,1.“What a beautiful garden it is!” said the girl, _out of the window. A.looking B.having looked C.to look D.looked 2._a long way, Bob began to feel tired A. Walking B. Having walked C. To walk D. walked

8、3. _ in the queue for half an hour, I suddenly realized that I had left my wallet at home. A. To wait B. Waiting C. Having waited D. To have waited,使用having done或having been done的分词结构部分常会出现一些用于表示过去或完成的时间状语，例如：before, already, for a long time, many times等。,窍门,直接在分词前面加not 1._ a reply, he decided to wr

9、ite again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 2._that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realized B. Realizing not C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized,分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。,1）_(see)from the hill , we find the ci

10、ty very beautiful. _（see）from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. 2） _ (look) at her mother, he jumped with joy. _(look) at by her mother, he jumped with joy.,Seeing,Seen,Looking,Looked,3)While watching television，_. A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the do

11、orbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings4)Hesitating what to do,_. A so lets not go outing B the tour was cancelled C but we should still take the tour D we had to stay home,_, the trees turned green. 春天来了 _, well visit the Great Wall. 时间允许的话,补 独立主格结构,在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑

12、上的主语, 这种结构称为独立主格结构,Spring coming,Time permitting,1._Sunday , I shall have a quiet day at home . A. Being B. It is C. There being D. It being 2.The party will be held in the garden, weather_（2012高考全国卷） A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit,有些惯用的V-ing 短语在句中中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰

13、全句，表面说话者的态度观点等。我们称这种状语为评论性状语或评注性状语。 generally / strictly/ / frankly/ personally speaking 一般来说 / 严格来说/ 坦率地说/ 就个人而言 judging from/ by 由.判断 considering 考虑到 taking into consideration 考虑到 supposing 假如 talking / speaking of 提到 providing 如果 Seeing that既然,Judging from his appearance, he is a wealthy man. 从外表

14、判断他是一位富翁。 Generally speaking, the more you pay, the more you get. 一般来说，付出的越多，得到的就越多。,1. 分词短语是由状语从句变换而来的，用以表示时间、原因、条件、让步及附带情况。 2. 若状语从句与主句的主语相同时： 1）去连词 2）去主语 3）动词变分词 e.g. If you turn to the right, youll find the school. _， youll find the school. _，and youll find the school.,Turning to the right,Turn

15、to the right,3. 若状语从句与主句的主语不同时： 1）去连词 2）前面的主语留下 3) 动词分词 e.g. As it were fine, I went fishing with my father. _ I went fishing with ,It being fine,Notes: 1. 分词短语=连词+ 主语 + V. e.g. Walking along the street, I met Mary. _ I met Mary. Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. _I stopped to,While I was walki

16、ng along the street,Because I was tired,2. 分词短语意义不清时，往往保留连词。但表示原因的连词 because, as等一定要省略。e.g. When (I was) mailing a letter in the post office, I met Tom. As she didnt know what to do, she began to cry. _,she began to cry.,Not knowing what to do,1).Using your head, youll find a good way. Working hard,

17、 youll surely succeed.,If you use your head,If you work hard,条件状语,练一练,思考：如何改为祈使句,2). Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. Not knowing her address, we cant get in touch with her.,(原因),Because he was poor,As we dont know her address,3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailors shop.,时间,When I was wal

18、king in the street.,4) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.,伴随状语,Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.,5). He did his homework carelessly, making a lot of mistakes.,so he made a lot of mistakes,结果,辨析： He hurried to the station only to find the trai

19、n had gone.,(自然的或必然的结果),(意想不到的结果),Eg Finished their homework, the children went out to play football. 更正 _the children went out to play football. _the children went out to play football. _ they went out to play football.,变式训练,Their homework finished,Having finished their homework,After the children

20、finished their homework,提示： 用独立主格结构 用分词作状语 用状语从句,当堂检测之高考链接,1. He got up late and hurried to his office, _the breakfast untouched. A. Left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left 2._that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A. realizing B. realized C. to reali

21、ze D. being realized,3.The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 4.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. a

22、dded,5._ up at his father, he asked what was the matter with him. A.Having looked B. Looking C.To look D.Look 6.The car burns more fuel, but_ all things into consideration, its still a good car A taken B having taken C taking D to take 7._ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered,8._an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.