安徽省2019年中考英语总复习语法专项复习语法二介词和介词短语课件.pptx

1、安徽语法二介词和介词短语,考点一 时间介词 1in, on, at,2.during, in during和in都表示一段时间。 但during更加强调时间的延续性，可以表示在一段时间内自始至终的状态。,3for, since for和since表示的时间状语都有延续之意，“for时间段”表示“延续多久”，作时间状语时，句子可用过去时、完成时或将来时；since后接表示时间点的短语，意为“自从(过去某时)以来”，说明自过去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与完成时连用。,4in, after in和after后都可以接时间段，表示“(时间)之后”，in用于将来时，after用于过去时。,5.by, b

2、efore by表示“截止；到为止”，包括其后的时间；before则表示“在某时之前”，不包括其后的时间。,You should get your homework by Friday.你应该最迟于星期五把作业准备好。(包含星期五) Can you come and meet me before Friday？你能在星期五之前来见我吗？(不包含星期五),1(2018山东东营广饶模拟)Chinas first homebuilt aircraft carrier(航空母舰) hit the water in Dalian the morning of April 26, 2017. Ain Bo

3、n Cat Dto,2(2018山东济南商河二模)We are going to give our English teacher a surprise Teachers Day. Aon Bat Cin Dby,3(2018山东菏泽单县模拟改编)It is believed that _ December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played. Ain Bat Con Dof,4(2018安徽蚌埠禹会二模改编)Mr. Brown arrived at the airport 5 oclock on the ev

4、ening of Saturday. Ain Bon Cat Dof,5(2018安徽蚌埠怀远检测)What time do you expect me to finish the task? Say, two hours. Abefore Bat Cfor Din,6(2018四川内江中考)The accident took place a cold November evening. Aon Bin Cat Dfor,7(2018江苏南京中考)Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon 20 July 1969. Ain Bon

5、 Cat Dfor,考点二 方位介词 1across, through, past across强调从表面横过；through强调从内部穿过；past强调从旁边经过。,2in, on, over, above in“在里面”，通常指被包含在某物之内；on“在上 面”，与表面有接触，反义词是beneath; over“在之上”， 指在物体的正上方或覆盖在物体表面，反义词是under; above“在之上；高于”，指在上方，不一定是垂直 的正上方，其反义词是below。,3between, among 表示在两者之间用between；在三者或三者以上之间用among。,4in/on/to方位名词的

6、用法,1(2018甘肃白银中考)The earth goes the sun. Aaround Bthrough Cbetween Dacross,2(2018天津中考)In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy. Abeside Bamong Cup Dthrough,3(2018重庆中考B卷)Excuse me, is there a computer room in your school? Yes. Its the fifth floor. Aon Bin Cat Dto,4(2017山东德州中考)A woman stood the w

7、indow, watching the children playing games in the garden. Apast Bthrough Cacross Dby,5(2019原创)Hong Kong is in the south of China, and Macao lies the west of Hong Kong. Ato Bat Cin Don,6(2017四川成都中考改编)I cant see Lucy because she is the tree. Ain front of Bbehind Cnext to Dbefore,7(2017上海中考)Shirley is

8、still waiting for her flight to New York City the airport. Aat Bunder Con Dwith,8(2019原创)The moonlight is shining in the window. Everything in the room looks nice. Aover Bacross Cthrough Dpast,考点三 方式介词 1in, by, with in指“用”某种材料，“用”某种表达方式或度量单位，“用”某种语言或语言活动的方式；by“用方式”，后面常跟表示手段、交通方式的名词作宾语；with表示“用”一种具体的

9、工具或手段。,2by, on, in交通工具 当交通工具前没有限定词修饰时，介词只能用by；当交通工具前有限定词(冠词和物主代词等)时，介词可用on，也可用in, 但不可用by。 He has returned to Beijing by air.他已乘飞机返回北京。 They go to work on their bikes.他们骑自行车上班。 I will pick you up at the airport in my car.我将开车去机场接你。,1(2019原创)I made coat with my hand. It was made hand not with a machin

10、e. Ain Bon Cby Dwith,2(2019原创)We are asked to write ink, that is, with a pen. Awith Bby Cin Don,3(2018河南商丘柘城模拟)How do you learn English? I study English talking with foreign students. Aat Bin Cby Don,4(2019原创)Can you answer the question French? Aby Bwith Cfrom Din,5(2019原创)Tom went to school his bik

11、e, and I in my fathers car. Ain Bby Con Dwith,考点四 其他常考介词 1without“没有”，后面接名词或动名词。 She just left without saying a word.她一句话也没说就走了。 2including“包含；包括” The price is $100, including your meals.价钱是100美元，包括你的饭钱。,3with“和；具有，带有；用，以；由于”，常表示伴随。 She came back with a letter in her hand.她手里拿着一封信 回来了。 4against“反对；靠

12、着，倚着”，反义词为for，表示“支 持”。 There is a ladder against the wall.有架梯子靠在墙上。,5except, except for, but, besides (1)except表示“除之外(不再有)”，强调不被包括在内。 The office is open every day except Sundays.办事处除了星期天以外天天开门。 (2)except for“除之外”，表示整体情况良好，局部出现问题。 The article is good except for some spelling mistakes.除了一些拼写错误，这个文章整体还

13、是很好的。,(3)but与except同义，表示“除了”，常用于no one, nobody, all等代词后。 Theres no one but me.这里除了我没有别人。 (4)besides“除之外还有”。 What languages do you know besides Chinese and English？除了汉语和英语以外你还懂什么语言？,6as作介词，意思是“作为；以身份”。 He came to China as a tourist five years ago.他五年前以游客的身份来过中国。 English is used as a foreign language

14、in our country.英语作为一门外语在我国被使用。,1(2018安徽亳州利辛5月模拟)Your math is good. Do you have any special ways to learn it? No. Remember: nothing can be learned hard work. Aagainst Bwith Cthrough Dwithout,2(2018安徽阜阳第九中学期末)I gave the tickets to all the students the ones who had already taken them. Aexcept Bbeyond C

15、with Damong,3(2019预测)Thirty passengers were hurt, five children. Ainclude Bincluding Cincluded Dincludes,考点五 介词短语 a bit (of)有一点儿 after a while过了一会儿 a little一点儿 all kinds of 各种类型的；各种各样的 a lot of许多,a pair of 一双 a set of 一套；一副；一组 around the world 世界各地 as long as只要；既然 at first起先；首先 at last最后 at least至少；

16、不少于；起码,at night/noon在夜里/中午 at once立刻 at the age of.在岁时 at the beginning of.在之初 at the end of.在之末 at the foot of.在脚下,at the same time同时 at/on the weekend在周末 because of因为 be different from 与不同；与有差异 be interested in 对感兴趣 be made of由制成的,be similar to与相像的、类似的 be sure about 确信；对有把握 between.and.在和之间 by bik

17、e/air/train/bus/sea骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车/船 by the end of.到底为止 by the way顺便说 by the window在窗边,by hand手工 by mistake错误地 by the time到时候 by accident偶然地 far away from远离 for example例如,for sure 无疑；肯定 from now on从现在起 from then on从那时起 from.to. 从到 in a hurry匆忙,in all总共 in (great) danger处于(极大)危险之中 in English 用英语 in fa

18、ct确切地说；事实上；实际上 in the countryside在乡下；在农村 in the middle of在中间 in time及时,in order to为了 in public公众；公开地 in surprise惊奇地 in the end 最后 in turn依次 in style时髦的 in trouble处于困境中,in a row一排；一列 in a word总而言之 in silence沉默 in the face of面对 less than少于 little by little逐渐地,more than 多于 of course当然 one (large) bowl

19、of.一(大)碗 on foot步行；走路 on ones way to某人在去的路上 on the left/right在左(右)边,on the other hand另一方面 on the other side of.在另一边 on time按时 on vacation在度假 on weekends在周末 on duty在值日,on sale廉价销售 on display展览；陈列 so far到目前为止；迄今为止 such as例如；像这样 the same as 和相同；与一致 thanks to幸亏,to ones joy/surprise使高兴/惊讶的是 to be honest老实说 to start with在一开始 with a smile面带笑容 with ones help/with the help of在某人的帮助下；由于某人的帮助 with ones own eyes亲眼所见,1(2018安徽宿州第五中学模拟)How many teachers are there in your scho