SAS_Basic7.ppt

1、优化输出和创建新变量,Dr. Baokun Li 经济实验教学中心 商务数据挖掘中心,优化 SAS 输出,TITLE 语句 为Proc程序块的输出作标记 LABEL 语句 为变量名称作标记 FORMAT 语句 为变量的数值作标记,标准输出 The FREQ Procedure Cumulative Cumulative clinic Frequency Percent Frequency Percent - A 18 18.00 18 18.00 B 29 29.00 47 47.00 C 36 36.00 83 83.00 D 17 17.00 100 100.00 优化输出 Number

2、of Patients by Clinic The FREQ Procedure Clinical Center Cumulative Cumulative clinic Frequency Percent Frequency Percent - Birmingham 18 18.00 18 18.00 Chicago 29 29.00 47 47.00 Minneapolis 36 36.00 83 83.00 Pittsburgh 17 17.00 100 100.00,标准输出 The FREQ Procedure Cumulative Cumulative sebl_6 Frequen

3、cy Percent Frequency Percent - 1 70 70.00 70 70.00 2 23 23.00 93 93.00 3 6 6.00 99 99.00 4 1 1.00 100 100.00 优化输出 The FREQ Procedure Patient Report Headaches Cumulative Cumulative sebl_6 Frequency Percent Frequency Percent - None 70 70.00 70 70.00 Mild 23 23.00 93 93.00 Moderate 6 6.00 99 99.00 Seve

4、re 1 1.00 100 100.00,TITLE 语句 PROC FREQ DATA=tdata; TABLES clinic group sex educ sebl_1 sebl_6; TITLE Distribution of Selected Variables; TITLE2 on the TOMHS Dataset ; RUN; TITLE 语句可以放在程序的任何地方。最好是放在过程 步里面 title可随时改变 使用格式为：TITLE(n)文字,Label 语句 LABEL clinic = Clinical Center; LABEL group = Drug Treatme

5、nt Group; LABEL educ = Highest Education Attained; LABEL sebl_1 = Patient Report Drowsiness; LABEL sebl_6 = Patient Report Headaches; Label 语句可以放在数据步或过程步内的任何地方（但不可在中间）。,Format 语句 FORMAT brthdate mmddyy10. ; FORMAT clinic $clinic. ; FORMAT group group. ; FORMAT fever headache se. ; 告诉SAS 根据format（格式）

6、显示变量的数值 Format 语句可以放在数据步或过程步内的任何地方 既有内置format (例如日期)，也有用户定义的format. 一个format 可用于多个变量 Format以句号结束 (.) 字符型format以$开始,如何定义FORMAT PROC FORMAT; VALUE group 1 = Beta Blocker 2 = Calcium Channel Blocker 3 = Diuretic 4 = Alpha Blocker 5 = ACE Inhibitor 6 = Placebo; VALUE gender 1 = Men 2=Women ; VALUE se 1

7、= None 2 = Mild 3 = Moderate 4 = Severe; Format名称并不必是数据集合内一个变量的名称,Format名,PROC FORMAT; VALUE $clinic A = Birmingham B = Chicago C = Minneapolis D = Pittsburgh ; 请不要混淆format和将要被格式化的变量 Sas单从PROC FORMAT不能知道你想要格式化哪个变量。你需要用format语句对变量进行格式化。,* 定义的Format没有使用; PROC FREQ; TABLES clinic sebl_6; RUN; = * 使用了fo

8、rmat; PROC FREQ; TABLES clinic sebl_6; FORMAT clinic $clinic. sebl_6 se. ; RUN;,Program 6 PROC FORMAT; . DATA tdata ; INFILE d:datatomhs3.dat; INPUT ptid $ clinic $ group sex educ eversmk alcbl sebl_1 sebl_6 ; run; LABEL clinic = Clinical Center; LABEL group = Drug Treatment Group; LABEL educ = High

9、est Education Attained; LABEL sebl_1 = Patient Report Drowsiness; LABEL sebl_6 = Patient Report Headaches; LABEL alcbl = Alcoholic Drinks Per Week; LABEL eversmk = Ever Smoke Cigarettes; PROC FREQ DATA=tdata; TABLES clinic sebl_6; FORMAT clinic $clinic. sebl_6 se. ;,PROC MEANS DATA=tdata N MEAN STD;

10、 VAR alcbl; CLASS eversmk; ; FORMAT eversmk smoke. ; TITLE PROC MEANS With Variable and Value Labels; RUN; The MEANS Procedure Analysis Variable : alcbl Alcoholic Drinks Per Week Ever Smoke N Cigarettes Obs N Mean Std Dev Smoker 48 47 5.3829787 6.4892995 Non-smoker 52 52 3.5384615 4.6292401 ,需掌握的要点,

11、Format在使用之前需先定义 (PROC FORMAT). FORMAT 语句可应用定义的format. 数据步里的Label 和 format 语句可用于其后的 PROCs 过程步里面的Label 和 format 语句只能用于该过程步 PROC本身,为网络或Word/Excel文件创建HTML 表 ODS LISTING CLOSE; ODS HTML FILE=educ.html; PROC FREQ DATA=tdata ; TABLES educ; FORMAT educ educ.; TITLE HTML Output From PROC FREQ; RUN; ODS HTML

12、CLOSE; The output will go to the html file rather than the .lst file. This can then be viewed on the web or inserted into word. Can also create RTF files.,Note: Run statement is needed here, and ODS statement must be after run.,插入Word的html文件,创建一个新变量 grad1= 1 如果大学毕业 = 2 否则,教育级别变量educ的解释,Program 7 DAT

13、A tdata; INFILE /home/ph5420/data/tomhs.data ; INPUT 1 ptid $10. 49 educ 1. 123 sbp12 3. ; * 这样的话，缺失值被变换为2; if educ =7 then grad1 = 1 ; * 下面的两种方法结果一样且是正确的; if educ =7 then grad2 = 1; * IN 是SAS的一个特殊函数; if educ IN(1,2,3,4,5,6) then grad3 = 2; else if educ IN(7,8,9) then grad3 = 1;,PROC FORMAT; VALUE g

14、rad 1-6 = College Graduate 7-9 = College Graduate; VALUE sbpcat LOW - 119 = 120 120-139 = 120-139 140-HIGH = 140+ ; 注意: LOW 不包括缺失值,PROC FREQ DATA=tdata; TABLES grad1 grad2 grad3 educ ; FORMAT educ grad.; RUN; grad1 Frequency Percent - 1 43 43.00 2 57 57.00 grad2 Frequency Percent - 1 43 43.43 2 56 5

15、6.57 Frequency Missing = 1 grad3 Frequency Percent - 1 43 43.43 2 56 56.57 Frequency Missing = 1 educ Frequency Percent - College Graduate 56 56.57 College Graduate 43 43.43,缺失值被变成2,最初的变量值为 1-9,* 把变量sbp12 变换成 3 个级别; if sbp12 = . then sbp12c = . ; else if sbp12 =140 then sbp12c = 3 ; With if-then-els

16、e definitions SAS stops reading after the first true statement,PROC FREQ DATA=tdata; TABLES sbp12c sbp12; FORMAT sbp12 sbpcat.; RUN; OUTPUT The FREQ Procedure Cumulative Cumulative sbp12c Frequency Percent Frequency Percent - 1 36 39.13 36 39.13 2 43 46.74 79 85.87 3 13 14.13 92 100.00 Frequency Mis

17、sing = 8 Cumulative Cumulative sbp12 Frequency Percent Frequency Percent - 120 36 39.13 36 39.13 120-139 43 46.74 79 85.87 140+ 13 14.13 92 100.00 Frequency Missing = 8,* 代价惨重的简单错误; if sbp12 = . then sbp12c = . ; else if sbp12 =140 then sbp12c = 3 ; PROC FREQ DATA=tdata; TABLES sbp12c; RUN; The FREQ Procedure Cumulative Cumulative sbp12cat Frequency Percent Frequency Percent 1 36 73.47 36 73.47 3 13 26.53 49 100.00 Frequency Missing = 51,How come no values of 2 and why so many missing?,创建新变量时需知道： 新变量的初始值是缺失值； 2.缺失值 任何值； 3.数值变量缺失