人教版高中英语ppt配套课件必修5unit4period3.ppt

1、Unit 4 Making the news Period 3 Grammar & Writing课件（人教版必修5，课标通用）,倒装 一、概念 在英语中，倒装是一种语法手段，为了表示一定的句子结 构或强调某一句子成分，把谓语全部或部分移到主语的前 面，这种用法叫倒装。,二、分类 倒装句有两种：完全倒装和部分倒装。 在倒装语序中，若 整个谓语都在主语之前，称之为完全倒装。若谓语的一部 分(通常是助动词、情态动词或be动词)位于主语之前，则称 之为部分倒装。 三、完全倒装的用法规则 1表示方向、地点和时间的副词in，out，down，up， off，back，away，there，now，the

2、n，here, first等放于句 首，若主语是名词而不是代词时，要全部倒装。,Here is the milkman.送奶工来了。 Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 【温馨提示】如果主语是代词不倒装。 Out they rushed! 他们冲出来了！ Lower and lower he bent. 他身子弯得越来越低。,2表示地点、时间、方向等的介词短语放在句首时。 In front of the village runs a river. 村前有一条河。 On the desk lie piles of books. 桌子上有几堆书。 3分词短语置于句首时。 Ly

3、ing on the floor was a boy aged about twelve. 躺在地板上的是一个12岁的小男孩。 Seated in the front were the guests. 坐在前排的是客人。,4“表语系动词主语”结构中 Present at the meeting were experts on AIDS. 出席会议的是艾滋病方面的专家。 5therebe主语 There was an apple tree behind the house. 这座房子后面有一棵苹果树。 There goes the last bus. 最后一班公共汽车开走了。,there的后面还

4、可跟一些不及物动词，如appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等。句子的谓语时态为一般过去 时或一般现在时。 There stands an old pine tree on the top of the hill. 在山顶上有一棵古松。 6在表达祝愿的句子里： Long live the friendship between American and Chinese people! 中美人民的友谊万岁！,四、部分倒装的用法规则 1省略 if 的虚拟条件句中。在含有had/were/should 的虚拟 条件句中，可以省略if，将 had/we

5、re/should放在主语之 前，构成部分倒装。 Had I known what was going to happen，I would never have left her alone. 如果我当时知道可能发生的事的话，我就不会撇下她一个 人在那里了。 Were there no air or water, there would be no life in the world.没有空气和水，世界上就不会有生命。,2在以 so(肯定)和 neither, nor(否定)的句子中。表示一种情 况适于两者或一者同时具备两 种情况时，可将其后与前 面相同的谓语的一部分置于主语之前，构成部分倒装

6、，形 成“so/neither/nor助动词/情态动词 /be主语”结构。 He didnt fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future. 他不怕新想法，也不怕未来。 Ive had some good ideas, so have other men. 我有些新的想法，别人也会有啊。 Distrust can be contagious, but so can trust. 不信任有传染力，同样信任也具有传染力。,【温馨提示】“so助动词主语”表示“也一 样”，而“so主语助动词” 表示“的确如此”。 His brother likes footba

7、ll and so does my brother. 他弟弟喜欢足球，我弟弟也喜欢。 His brother likes football. So he does. 他弟弟喜欢足球。 的确如此。,3当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，如never, little, often, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no sooner. than.，in no way, at no time, under no circumstances, by no means, in no case等，采用部分倒装。 Little does h

8、e care about money. 他很少关心钱。 Not until recently did I know what he had done. 直到最近我才知道他所做的事。,4句首状语是only副词/only介词短语/only状语分词/ 状语从句时。 Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. 直到昨天他才发现表丢了。 Only in our country can science serve the interests of the people.只有在我们国家科学才能服务于人民的利益。 【温馨提示】only修

9、饰主语放在句首时，句子不倒装。 Only my father can help me. 只有父亲能帮助我。,5在as/though表示“尽管” 引导让步状语从句时，通常把 表语、状语或动词置于as之前。 Poor as I am, it is beneath me to steal. 我虽然穷，还不屑于去偷。 Much as I admire him as a writer, I dont like him as a man. 他作为作家我虽然敬慕他，但作为人我不喜欢他。 Try as he may, he never seems able to do the work satisfactor

10、ily. 尽管他很努力，然而其工作却不令人满意。,6在 so . that 的结构中， so 位于句首时，则主句部分使用 部分倒装。 So fast does the light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. 光传播的很快我们无法测量其速度。 So loudly did he speak that he was heard upstairs. 他说话的声音很高连楼上的人都听得见。 So astonished was he that he could scarcely contain himself for jo

11、y. 他如此吃惊竟然控制不住自己的喜悦之情。,7疑问句中 a一般疑问句，将助动词置于主语之前，构成语法倒装； 以疑问词为宾语、表语或状语的特殊疑问句需要将疑问词 置于句首，将助动词置于主语前，构成语法倒装。 Do you like rock and roll？你喜欢摇滚音乐吗？ Where have you been these days? 这些天你都到哪里去了？ b特殊疑问句，如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，无需 倒装。 Who let out the secret？是谁泄漏的秘密？,8may表示祝愿时，需将may放在主语之前。 May you succeed！祝你成功！ May you ha

12、ve a nice trip！祝你旅途愉快！,【感悟高考】 Hot_the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.(2012陕西，18) Aalthough Bas Cwhile Dhowever 解析句意：尽管晚上很热，但因为长途旅行的劳累，我们还是睡得很熟。本题考查让步状语从句。as引导让步状语从句时常用倒装形式，故选择B项。although引导让步状语从句时不倒装；while表示“尽管”时引导的从句通常放于句首，但也不倒装；however但是。 答案B,Only afte

13、r Mary read her composition the second time_the spelling mistake.(2012天津，6) Adid she notice Bshe noticed Cdoes she notice Dshe has noticed 解析句意：直到第二次读了她的作文之后玛丽才注意到这个拼写错误。考查倒装句。“only状语从句”置于句首时，主句主谓要部分倒装，即助动词置于主语前。其次，根据after引导的从句的时态可知，该句要用一般过去时。 答案A,Never before_seen anybody who can play tennis as wel

14、l as Robert.(2012江西，32) Ahad she Bshe had Chas she Dshe has 解析句意：她从未见过有人打网球像Robert一样打得好。本题考查倒装句。否定副词置于句首时，后面句子的主谓部分需部分倒装，该句正常语序为：She has never seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert before. 答案C,This is not my story，nor_the whole story.My story plays out differently.(2012四川，5) Ais there B

15、there is Cis it Dit is 解析句意：还不是我的故事，也不是一个完整的故事。我的故事是不一样的。本题考查倒装句。nor也不，位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构，故排除B项和D项；there be表示“有”，不符合句意；it is与前半句中的this is形成呼应。 答案C,The headmaster will not permit the change in the course，nor_it a thought.(2012重庆，33) Adoes he even give Bhe even gives Cwill he even give Dhe will even giv

16、e 解析句意：校长不会允许课程的变化，他甚至不会去考虑。考查倒装句式。否定词nor位于句首，后面句子需部分倒装，排除B、D两项。根据前面分句中的一般将来时态，排除A项，故选C项。 答案C,用倒装结构翻译句子 屋子如此黑，我什么也看不见。 _ 我很少乘公共汽车上班。 _,So dark was the room that I could hardly see anything.,Seldom do I go to work by bus.,不但我到校早，而且我的老师也来得很早。 _ 要是明天下雨我就不参加会议了。 _ 旗子升起来了！ _,Not only do I come to school

17、early，but also my teacher does.,Were it to rain tomorrow，I wouldnt attend the meeting.,Up went the flag.,【单项填空】 No sooner_than it began to rain heavily. Athe game began Bhas the game begun Cdid the game begin Dhad the game begun 解析以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装 语序。no sooner.than.结构中主句常用过去完成时，从 句用一般过去时。 答案D,

18、Why cant I smoke here? At no time_in the meetingroom. Ais smoking permitted Bsmoking is permitted Csmoking is it permitted Ddoes smoking permit 解析考查倒装结构。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调 时，句中的主谓须用倒装结构。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meetingroom at no time.。 答案A,_，his idea was accepted by all the people at the mee

19、ting. AStrange as might it sound BAs it might sound strange CAs strange it might sound DStrange as it might sound 解析as引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序，其结 构为：adj./adv./v.as主语句子其他部分，因此D项 正确。 答案D,Not until the train pulled into the next station_her suitcase gone. AMary had found Bhad Mary found Cdid Mary find DMary

20、found 解析考查部分倒装。否定短语“not until”放句首要采用 部分倒装，故排除A、D；find her suitcase gone发生在the train pulled into the next station之前，故用过去时，C项正 确。句意：直到火车驶进下一站，玛丽才发现她的手提箱 不见了。 答案C,So sudden_that the enemy had no time to escape. Adid the attack Bthe attack did Cwas the attack Dthe attack was 解析so.that结构中，so放在句首，句子要倒装。 答

21、案C,新闻报道 【写作任务】 假设你是一名记者，请根据以下提示，给当地报纸写一篇新闻报道。 【写作内容】 1事件：一辆红色轿车撞上一辆白色面包车，车毁人亡； 2时间：今天清晨5点左右； 3地点：市中心向南5公里处； 4情况：红色轿车内4位乘客全部死亡，包括一个6岁的小男孩。白色面包车内的司机受了重伤，现已脱离了危险。事故原因还不清楚，警方正在调查。,【写作要求】 1词数100左右； 2不要逐字翻译，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文。 【写作分析】 第一步：认真审题 一审体裁：本次写作要求写一新闻报道，属于记叙文写作范畴。新闻报道分为消息、通讯、评论等。常见的消息一般结构是：标题副标题导语正文。导语是消

22、息的特征，一般是用最少的语言提炼出整个新闻的内容，即告诉读者 “5W”，时间(when)，地点(where)，人物(who)，事件(what), 结果(why)。,二审用词：新闻稿件类的写作应注意用词恰当、语言简练、行文流畅、 真实可靠。切忌无中生有、张冠李戴、出现与新闻无直接关系的空话。 三审时态：由于描述的是早晨发生的事情，故用一般过去时。,第二步：提炼要点 1take place 2knock into 3the center of the city 4including a sixyearold boy 5out of danger 6cause the accident 7remai

23、n unknown 8look into,第三步：扩点成句 1A serious traffic accident took place. 2A red car knocked into a white minibus. 3killing all of its four passengers including a sixyearold boy 4It is out of danger now. 5What caused the accident still remains unknown. 6The police are looking into the matter.,【参考范文】 Ear

24、ly this morning a serious traffic accident took place. A red car knocked into a white minibus 5 kilometers south of the center of the city at about 5 oclock this morning, killing all of its four passengers including a sixyearold boy. The driver of the white minibus was also seriously injured but is out of danger now. What caused the accident still remains unknown and the police are looking into the matter.,【亮点展示】 1本则新闻报道语言简练，将事情发生的时间、地点、人物、事件、结果翔实准确的表达出来，符合新闻的写作要求。 2灵活使用多个短语如take place，knock i