新思维综合英语Unit3

1、unit 3lesson 11pets as status symbols,leopard,giraffe,raven,porcupine,orangutan,lobster,para. 1,londoners who happened to walk along the thames during the mid-thirteenth century might have seen a large white bear walking down to the river. 十三世纪中叶的伦敦人在沿着泰晤士河边漫步时可能看见过一头庞大的白熊。 happen to do sth: 偶然/ 碰巧做

2、某事 she happens to see the accident when she is on the way home. the man happened to ran out of money when his friend asked him for it.,the man would sit on the riverbank while the bear, still attached to the leash, would go into the water and fish for its dinner. 那个人会坐在河边，皮带那头的白熊会走到水里去觅食。 attach to

3、结，系，贴;认为.有重要性等；爱慕，爱恋 a tag was attached to each article. 每件物品上都系上了标签。 we attach great importance to his decision. 我们非常重视他的决定。 he is ardently attached to his wife. 他热切地爱着妻子。,para. 1,the bear belonged to king henry iii. 那头白熊属于亨利三世国王。 belong to : 属于； this book belongs to him. the land belongs to a big

4、family.,para. 2,the people of london must have appreciated his sense of economy since they paid for the bears expenses. appreciate:欣赏；感激；理解； anyone can appreciate our music. peter stood by me when i most needed it. ill always appreciate that. pay for : 支付；偿还；付款 please remember to pay for your dinner

5、.,para. 2,both the ancient egyptians and chinese collected animals for pleasure. for pleasure: ；为了消遣；为了乐趣；为了取乐； i cant understand how people can kill for pleasure. he smoke out of habit, not for pleasure.,para. 4,snakes were so popular in rome at one time that they became a nuisance in the city. nui

6、sance:讨厌的人；损害；麻烦事；讨厌的东西 he could be a bit of a nuisance when he was drunk. 他喝醉时会是一个有点令人讨厌的人。,para. 4,as trade routes to africa and asia began to open up, every aristocrat wanted to have exotic animals. 随着与非洲和亚洲间商业线路的开通，所有的贵族都期望拥有珍奇的动物。 open up: 开始；开放；开张 china is now opening up to the world. the coll

7、apse of the system opened up new possibilities. 改革开放政策 reform and opening up policy,para. 7,a portuguese princess went to the trouble of getting zebras because she thought they would look pretty pulling the royal children in a little carriage. 葡萄牙的一个公主千方百计弄来斑马，她认为斑马拉上一辆小马车，皇室子女坐在上面，看上去一定会很漂亮。 go to

8、the trouble of doing sth:不怕麻烦地做某事；不辞劳苦做某事 she even went to the trouble of telling our teacher about such a small matter. in case that we may be hungry, she went to the trouble of rushing to the supermarket again.,para. 8,to her great disappointment, she got no cooperation from the zebras. 令她大失所望的是，那

9、些斑马并不配合。 to ones (great) disappointment 令某人失望的是 to his great disappointment, she didnt come as they had agreed. 拓展 to ones surprise/(dis)satisfaction/sadness/happiness,para. 8,generally speaking, the feeling of both the public and the experts goes against keeping bears in the backyard or lions in th

10、e living room. 一般来说，社会公众跟专家们都反对在后院里养熊或是在起居室里养狮子。 go against:不利于；违反；反对 the mayor will resign if the vote goes against him. 如果投票结果对市长不利，他将辞职。 his behavior went against the social rules. 他的行为违反了社会准则。,para.9,lesson 12,language points,ten-year-old david mandel is trying to talk his parents into taking a

11、friends dog. talk sb into doing sth: 说服某人做某事，相当于persuade sb to do sth. 他试图说服那个男的买他的书。 he tries to talk the man into buying his books. 史密斯先生想说服他老婆买辆车。 mr. smith wants to talk his wife into buy a car.,teds leaving for camp in two weeks, and he still hasnt found anyone to take care of charlie. leave fo

12、r : 动身去.； 前往. jane is leaving for new york for further study. in + 时间段，表示将来发生的事情。 take care of, 相当于 look after.,language points,in any case, the landlord probably wouldnt let us keep him. in any case:无论如何，不管怎样，不管发生什么情况 在任何情况下我们都将利益均分。 in any case, we could halve the benefit. let: let sb do sth 让某人做某

13、事，相当于allow sb to do sth,language points,使役动词 have, make, let, help. have sb do sth instruct/ order/ask sb to do sth make sb do sth force/ cause sb to do sth let sb do sth allow sb to do sth help sb do sth *：help 后既可以跟动词原形，也可以跟to 不定式。,language points,besides, suppose they get tired of him after a wee

14、k? besides:此外；而且。在文中做进一步的说明时可用，类似的词有 whats more, furthermore. i think she has many good qualities besides being very beautiful. get tired of : 对感到厌烦；对感到厌倦，相当于get bored of .,language points,i give in, as long as no one makes me do anything. give in : 投降；屈服；让步；上交 你们现在必须把你们的试卷交上来。 you must give in your

15、 examination papers now. 经过八年的战争，日本终于投降了。 after eight years war of resistance, japan gave in at length. as long as : 和.一样长；只要，表提出条件,language points,lesson 13,but student b would rather break the trip into two days. would rather do a than do b: 比起做b, 更想做a；宁愿做a，也不想做b。 joe would rather go to swimming t

16、han take a walk. john would rather do housework than go shopping with his wife.,language points,maybe it makes you nervous because youre not used to it. be/ get used to： 习惯 the girl is not used to making a speech in public. get/ be used to doing sth: 习惯做某事 used to do sth: 过去常常做某事 be used to do sth:

17、被用来做某事 be used for doing sth: 被用来做某事,language points,1.there_alotofred-crownedcranesinthisarea. a. wasusedtob. wasusedtobe c. usedto d. usedtobe 2.sheusedto_withherparents,butnowsheisusedto_withherclassmatesatschool. a.live;livingb. live;live c. living;livingd. living;live 3.heusedto_inasmallvillage

18、,butnowhehasbeen usedto_inthebigcity. a.live;livingb. live;live c. living; livingd. living;live,test,d,a,a,4.mrs.green_gotohospital,butnowsheisin goodhealth. a.hasto b. needto c. usedto d. oughtto 5. the wood _ make desks and chairs. a. is used to b. used to c. is used for d. get used to 6. this kni

19、fe is slicing fruit. a. is used tob. used to c. is used for d. get used to,test,c,a,c,your partner has trouble speaking in public. have trouble (in) doing sth: 做某事有困难，相当于have difficulty (in) doing sth. the boy has great trouble learning english. in public: 公开地；当众。反义词，in private.,language points,our

20、course will help you get over your nervousness and develop self-confidence. get over: 克服；恢复；熬过；原谅 我过了很长时间才从她去世的震惊中恢复过来。 it took me a very long time to get over the shock of her death.,language points,we wont make you give up everything you like to eat either. give up: 放弃 he decided to give up smokin

21、g when his wife is pregnant. lucy gave up her job to take care of her new-born child. in 投降；让步；屈服 up 放弃 give off 散发出 (气体、热量或气味) away 分发；赠送；泄露,language points,most important, well help you stick to your diet and lose those unwanted pounds. stick to : 坚持；忠于；粘住 或许他本该坚持写作。 perhaps he should have stuck t

22、o writing.,language points,grammar focus,冠词 冠词主要放在名词之前，说明名词所表示的人或事物，它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词分为三类：定冠词（the），不定冠词（a, an）和零冠词。 冠词的位置 当定冠词the 与all, half, both, double 等词连用修饰名词时，定冠词the 位于这些词之后。 e.g.: look, all the books are here. 瞧，所有的书都在这。 they walked half the journey.他们走了一半旅程。 both the boys are clever.这两个男孩都很聪明。

23、,grammar focus,冠词的位置 当定冠词与表示倍数、分数的词连用时，要放在这些词之后。 e.g.: the bed is three times the size of that one. 这张床是那张床的三倍大。 the rope is one third the length of that one. 这根绳子是那根绳子的三分之一长。,不定冠词的用法 不定冠词有a 和an 两种形式。a 用在以辅音音标开头的词前,an 用在以元音音标开头的词前。例： a house, a useful book, a one-eyed camel, a european village, a un

24、iform a university, a usual thing , an hour, an umbrella, an office, an exercise，an honest boy, an english book, an apple, an eight-year-old boy, an unhappy boy, an “f” (a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, r, s, x, ),grammar focus,不定冠词a/an的用法,泛指某人或某物,不具体说明其为何人或何物。在行文叙述时,第一次提到某个人或事物时,通常使用不定冠词,此为“泛指”。例如: a girl i

25、s asking for you on the phone. my mother works in a hospital. 用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或事物,即以一个个体代表整类人或事物,此为“类指”。例如: a plane is faster than a train. a snake is a cold-blooded animal.,表示“一”,但数量概念没有one 强烈。例如: they waited there for an hour. rome wasnt built in a day. *：但如果特别强调数量,应使用one。例如: i have only one dictio

26、nary and i need it myself.,不定冠词a/an的用法,用在表示时间、速度、价格等计量单位的名词前表示“每一”,相当于per 或every。例如: the plane can get 300 kilometers an hour. the doctor told her to take the medicine three times a day. we work five days a week.,不定冠词a/an的用法,用于抽象名词、物质名词前(特别是这两种名词有定语修饰时),使之意义具体化,表示“一种”、“一件”、“一份”等。例如: it is an honor f

27、or me to be invited to the party. (honor 是抽象名词,an honor 指一件荣誉的事),不定冠词a/an的用法,用于序数词(后加名词)前,表示又一个,又一次。例如: he tried a sixth time and succeeded. when i sat down, a fourth student rose to speak. 用于某一个人名、地名前,使专有名词普通化。例如: a mr. li has been waiting for you. chongqing is known as a shanghai of the west. (sha

28、nghai 是专有名词,本句中a shanghai 指和上海一样繁华的城市),不定冠词a/an的用法,用于某些固定词组中,是这些词组不可缺少的组成部分。例如: in a moment once upon a time as a result (of) in a hurry in a word once in a while have a good time have a word with have/take a look (at) have/take a rest do sb. a favor put an end to,不定冠词a/an的用法,特指某(些)人或某(些)物. 例如: the

29、photo of the boy the pen on the desk 指双方都知道的人或物. 例如: -where are the new books, jim? - they are on the small table. 上文提到过的人或物. 例如： have you ever been to the city before?,定冠词the的用法,指世界上独一无二的事物.例如： the sun the moon the earth 用在序数词和形容词最高级前面.例如： the hottest nightthe first day 用在表示方向、方位的名词前.例如： the right

30、the leftthe east the west 用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛前或由普通名词构成的专有名词前.例如： the himalayas， the great wall, the united states the peoples republic of china,定冠词the的用法,用在某些形容词前表示一类人. 例如： the wounded the old the rich the poor 用在西洋乐器的名词前.例如： the piano the violin 用在逢十的年代前，例如： in the 1990s 用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示某家人.例如： the blacks th

31、e smiths,定冠词the的用法,用在身体的部位前。在句型“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位”中要用the，而不用人称代词，例如： catch sb. by the arm take sb. by the arm hit sb in the face be red in the face be lame in the right leg 用在某些习惯用语中.例如： by the way at the same time,定冠词the的用法,零冠词的用法,不可数名词(物质名词、抽象名词等)前通常不用冠词;可数名词复数表示泛指时其前也不用冠词。例如: water is changed

32、into steam by heat and into ice by cold. on sundays shops are always crowded with people.,称呼语以及表示独一无二的职位的名词作表语、同位语、宾语补语(或主语补语)时,前面不用冠词。例如: will you help me to solve the math problem, mother? bush jr. was elected president of the united states. 名词前已有作定语的代词this, that, my, your, whose, which, some, any等修饰时,不用冠词。 they had no children. whose bike is this?,零冠词的用法,表示节日、月份、星期、学科、运动项目以及三餐饭的名称的名词前通常不用冠词。如: christmas (day)is coming. we will hold a meeting on friday. math is as interesting as physics.