9A unit3 Grammar.ppt

1、九年级上册,英语教学课件系列,Unit 4 Growing up Grammar,Objectives,To learn how to use the conjunctions to introduce time clauses.,A Using before, after, when and while,We use conjunctions before, after, when and while to introduce time clauses. They can be placed at the beginning or in the middle of sentences.,Be

2、fore and after can also be used as prepositions of time. before 9a.m. after lunch,Tip,Before means earlier than a certain time. He remained there for about a year before the NBA took notice of him. After means later than a certain time. After he graduated, he was forced to play in another basketball

3、 league.,When means at or during a certain time. When he finally got the chance, he scored 20 points in his first game. While means during a certain time. While (he was) attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team.,时间状语从句,Summary,时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间 状语的句子。 常见引导词：before, after, when, whil

4、e, since, till/until, as soon as, whenever等。, before “在.之前”表示主句动作发生 在从句动作之前。 Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here. 布朗先生来这里之前已经在一家银行里 工作一年了。 Closes the windows before you leave the room, please. 在你离开房间前，请关上窗户。,before、after、when和while 引导的时间状语从句, after “在.之后”表示主句动作发生在 从句动作之后。 H

5、e left the classroom after he had finished his homework . 他做完作业之后就离开教室。 I went to school after I finished my breakfast. 我吃完早饭后去上学。, when “在.的时候”表示主句动作发 生的特定时间。 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. (在)莫扎特4岁的时候，开始写音乐作 品。 The days get longer when spring comes. 春天到来时，白天变长了。, while “在

6、.期间; 在的时候”强调主 句动作和从句动作是同时发生的。 He visited a lot of places while he was traveling. 他在旅行期间参观了许多地方。 While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes. 我姐姐扫地时，我在洗碗。,注意：在when 和while引导的从句中，当 主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句 中有be 动词时，可以省略主语和be 动词，构成when/while + -ing 结构 When (she is) in trouble, she always ask

7、s me for my help. 当她遇到困难时总是向我求助。 While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs. 旅游时我喜欢买纪念品。,One of Davids days David is writing in his diary about one of his days. Help him combine his sentences using before, after, when or while. I go jogging every morning. Then I have breakfast. _ _.,I go

8、jogging every morning before I have breakfast,2. I practised playing basketball for hours. I felt tired out. _ _ 3. I met Peter. I was waiting at the bus stop. _ _,After I practised playing basketball for hours. I felt tired out.,I met Peter while (I was) waiting at the bus stop.,4. I was watching T

9、V. I received a call from my uncle. _ _ 5. I was ready to go to bed. My father came back from work. _ _,While (I was) watching TV. I received a call from my uncle.,I was ready to go to bed. My father came back from work.,1. He remained there for about a year _ the NBA took notice of him. 2. _ he gra

10、duated, he was forced to play in another basketball league. 3. _ he finally got the chance, he scored 20 points in his first game. 4. _ (he was) attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team. 5. Sometimes we forget _ we should stop.,before,After,When,While,when,Exercises,6. It can cheer

11、you up _ you are feeling sad. 7. Outside, people were running in all directions _ pieces of glass and bricks were falling down. 8. Timmy was trapped in a dark place _ the earthquake stopped. 9. He stayed with the boy and played with him for two hours _ the boys parents came.,when,while,after,before,

12、B Using since, till and until,We also use the conjunctions since, till and until to introduce time clauses.,Since, till and until can also be used as prepositions of time. since 2006 till/until today,Tip,Since means from a certain time. The verb in the main clause is often used in the present perfec

13、t tense. Youve been happy since I first met you.,Till and until mean up to a certain time. Until can be placed at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence, but till is usually used in the middle of the sentence.,Spud remained in another basketball league for about a year till/until the NBA too

14、k notice of him. Until his dream came true, Spud never gave up. When we use the structure not. until, we cannot use till instead of until. Do not wake me up until you finish your work., since “自以来” 表示自过去的一个起始时间点到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句的谓语动词一般用现在完成时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。 Mr Green has taught in that school sinc

15、e he came to China three years ago. 自格林先生来中国以来，他就在这所学校教书。,since、till和until引导的时间状语从句, till/until “到为止”，一般情况下两者可以互换。until可以放在句首或句中，而till不可以用在句首。 注意：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬间动词，必须用否定形式，即“notuntil”结构，意思是“直到才” Walk till/until you see a white house. 一直走到你看到一座白房子为主。 I did not go to bed until I finished my homework. 直到

16、做完作业我才上床睡觉。,1. Youve been happy _I first met you. 2. Spud remained in another basketball league for about a year _ the NBA took notice of him. 3. _ his dream came true, Spud never gave up. 4. Do not wake me up _ you finish your work.,since,till/ until,Until,until,Exercises,5. It moved up over my sto

17、mach and neck _ it was standing near my face. 6. Ive lived here _ I was born. 7. Theyll say “excuse me” and be polite enough to wait _you move.,until,since,till,David loves basketball Here are more sentences from Davids diary entry. Complete his sentences with since, till or until. I have been crazy

18、 about playing basketball _ I was a little boy. The weather has been awful this week. The rain did not stop _ yesterday evening, so we could not practise basketball for several days.,since,until,3. We played basketball in the playground this afternoon _it was getting dark. 4. It is the first time we

19、 have played basketball _ Monday. We enjoyed ourselves very much. 5. I waited for 20 minutes at the bus stop _ the bus arrived. 6. It is Friday evening. I will not go to bed _ I finish watching my favourite TV programme.,till/until,since,till/until,until,C Using as soon as and whenever,The conjuncti

20、ons as soon as and whenever can also introduce time clauses.,We can use every time to replace whenever.,Tip,As soon as means when something happens, or a short time after something has happened. It began to rain as soon as I left the house.,Whenever means at any time. I can read books whenever I wan

21、t to., as soon as “一就” We began to work as soon as we got there. 我们一到那就开始工作。 I will write to you as soon as I get home. 我一到家就给你写信。,as soon as 和 whenever 引导的时间状语从句, Whenever “每当；任何时候” He likes listening to music whenever he has time. 每当他有时间的时候，他喜欢听音乐。 Every time I listen to your advice, I get into tr

22、ouble. 每当我听取你的建议的时候，我就会惹上麻烦 注意：whenever可以用every time 替换。,More about basketball C1 Simon is writing about Davids love for basketball. Help Simon complete his sentences with as soon as or whenever. David often goes to play basketball _ school is over.,as soon as,2. He watches the NBA _ there is a game

23、 on TV. 3. _ he talks about basketball, he gets excited. 4. _ he learnt that the NBA players would come to China, he tried his best to get a ticket.,whenever,Whenever,As soon as,C2 David is writing about Yao Ming, his favourite basketball star. Help him complete his article with the correct conjunct

24、ions you have learnt in this unit. Yao Ming was born in Shanghai in 1980. He got his first basketball _he was only four years old, but he did not,when,become serious about basketball (2)_ he was 12. Yao joined the Houston Rockets in 2002 and became the best Chinese player to ever play in the NBA. _h

25、e went to the USA, he knew little English, but he quickly learnt the language. The best moment in his career was in 2004he scored 41 points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks.,until,When/Before,When Yao Ming was living in the USA, he returned to China (4)_ he was needed. He took part in the Olympic

26、s in 2004 and in 2008 as one of the Chinese athletes. (5)_he ended his basketball career, Yao has done more charity work, especially for poor Chinese teenagers.,Whenever,Since/After,Exercises,1. How long did you stay with your friend John in the cafe last night? _10:30 p.m. A. At B. Since C. Until D

27、. Whenever 2. Did you talk with your favourite singer after the concert? No. He got on the coach _I could get in a word. A. while B. after C. until D. before,C,D,I. 单项选择。,3. While I _ along the street, a running boy _ into me from behind. A. was walking; knocked B. walked; was knocking C. was walkin

28、g; was knocking D. walked; knocked,A,4. Disney was drawing a picture at home _a little mouse jumped onto the desk. while B. when C. before D. after 5. Uncle Wang _on the farm when I met him a few weeks ago. A. is working B. has worked C. was working D. works,B,C,6. My brother _ interested in English

29、 since the end of last term. A. had become B. became C. was D. has been 7. How long shall we stay indoors? _ the rain stops. A. Before B. While C. When D. Till,D,D,8. Can you come and see me in Nanjing? OK. I will leave for Nanjing _ the summer holiday _. A. whenever; starts B. as soon as; starts C. whenever; will start D. as soon as; will start,B,9