人教版必修四英语第四单元语法课件

1、Grammar-ing作状语,-ing形式作状语,2.-ing短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作，一般都可以变为相应的状语从句或并列句。,1.-ing短语在句子中可作状语，来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随等情况。,1.作时间状语-ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如：Hearingthebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.=When_,theycouldnthelpcrying.当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。,theyheardthebadnews,Havingreceivedhisletter,Idecidedt

2、owriteback.收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。,=After_,Idecidedtowriteback.,Ihadreceivedhisletter,注意：当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：havingdone,_(finish)hishomework,herushedouttoplaybasketball.,Havingfinished,HavingbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes,hedidntgolastweek.=_hehadbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes,hedidntgolastweek.因为他已

3、经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。,Because(As),=Because_,hecouldntgotosleep.因为太生气了，他不能入睡。,2.作原因状语-ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如：Beingsoangry,hecouldntgotosleep.,hewassoangry,3.作条件状语-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Workinghard,youwillsucceed.=If_,youwillsucceed.如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。,youworkhard,4.作让步状语-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或句末，常与evenif,though连用。如：,Thoughwo

4、rkingfrommorningtillnight,hisfatherdidntgetenoughfood.=Though_,hedidntgetenoughfood.虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。,hisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnight,5.作伴随状语置于句首或句末。如：Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.他们又唱又笑地走进教室。,=Theysangandlaughed;theycameintotheclassroom.,Whenworkinginthefactory,hewasa

5、nadvancedworker.=When_,hewasanadvancedworker.,注意：1.-ing短语与when,while,though,until,if等连词连用时，相当于这些连词引导的一个从句。如：,heworkedinthefactory,连词+现在分词,Thoughwillingtoattendtheparty,herefusedtheinvitation.=Thoughhewaswillingtoattendtheparty,用“连词+现在分词”的结构Ifyouplayallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.=,Ifplayingalld

6、ay,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.,2.动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。如：Hetraveledontheplanelikethis,keepingthetortoisehiddeninablanket.=Whenhetraveledontheplanelikethis,hekeptthetortoisehiddeninablanket.,1.a.Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.b.Hearingthenews,shecriedoutsadly.2.a.Enteringtheclassroom,

7、Ifoundnobodyinit.b.Enteringtheclassroom,nobodywasfoundinit.,Choosethecorrectsentence.,F,T,F,T,3.a.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.b.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wesawabeautifulgarden.4.a.Readingtheeveningnewspaper,adogstartedbarking.b.Iwasreadingtheeveningnewspaperwhenadogstartedbarki

8、ng.,F,T,T,F,5.a.Beingfine,wewillhavethesportsmeetingnextweek.b.Itbeingfine,wewillhavethesportsmeetingnextweek.,-ing形式的否定式为在其前面加not。如：Hesatthere,notknowingwhattosay.,F,T,(not)doing,(not)beingdone,(not)havingdone,(not)havingbeendone,注意：,1.当v-ing形式与句子的主语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系时，应使用被动式：beingdoneBeinghelpedbytheteacher,shewilllearnEnglishwell.,2.当v-ing形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应用完成被动式：havingbeendoneHavingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary._(translate)intomanylanguages,thebookwaswidelyreadallovertheworld.,Havingbeentranslated,1.Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thus_thedelay.A.tocauseB.causingC.causedD.caus