必修五英语课本知识点话题科普知识课件

1、话题21 科普知识,基础知识自测,一、单词识记,1. _ n.宇宙; 世界 2. _ n.受害者 3. _ n.附近; 邻近 4. _ adj. 严重的, 剧烈的 5. _ n.特征; 特性,characteristic,universe,victim,neighborhood,severe,6. _ vt.照顾；出席；参加 7. _ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 8. _ vt.预见；预知 9. _ adj.积极的；肯定的 10. _ vt.打败；战胜 n.失败,defeat,attend,absorb,foresee,positive,11. _ n.治愈 vt.治愈 12. _ n.柄；把手

2、vt.处理 13. _ vt.怀疑 n.嫌疑犯 14. _ n.挑战 vt.挑战 15. _ adj.熟练的 n.专家,expert,cure,handle,suspect,challenge,二、单词拓展 (A)单词派生,1. _ n. 科学 _ n. 科学家 _ adj. 科学的 2. _ vt. 分析 _ n. 分析,analysis,science,scientist,scientific,analyse,3. _ vt. 污染；弄脏 _ adj. 受污染的 _ n. 污染,pollute,polluted,pollution,4. _ vt. 命令；指示；教导 _ n. 指示；教导,

3、instruct,instruction,5. _ vt. 结束 _ n. 结束; 结论 6. _ n. 小心; 谨慎 _ adj. 小心的; 谨慎的,cautious,conclude,conclusion,caution,(B)灵活运用 1. He needed more _ (science) experiments to support his theory. 1. 形容词作定语。 2. She has come to the _ (conclude) that he does not love her at all. 2. 名词作宾语。,scientific,conclusion,3

4、. He fell ill because of eating the _ (pollute) seafood. 3. 形容词作定语。 4. The _ (analyse) of the food showed the presence of poison. 4. 名词作主语。 5. Follow the _ (instruct) when you operate the machine. 5. 名词作宾语。,polluted,analysis,instructions,1. _ 提出 2. _ 讲得通；有意义 3. _ 使显露；暴露 4. _ 将和联系起来,三、短语翻译,link .to .

5、,put forward,make sense,expose .to,5. _ 除之外； 此外 6. _ 对严格 7. _得出结论 8. _导致；引起,lead to,apart from,(be) strict with,draw a conclusion,9. _ 失去控制 10. _受责备 11. _ 在建设中 12. _ 结束,come to an end,out of control,be to blame,be under construction,四、课文回顾 John Snow was a well-known physician in London in the 19th c

6、entury. 1_ famous was he that he even attended Queen Victoria to ease the 2_ (bear) of her babies. However, he decided to defeat cholera, a deadly disease at that time when he saw thousands of people 3_ (expose) to it died every time there was an outbreak.,So,birth,exposed,In 1854 when cholera broke

7、 out，he began to gather information and marked on a map 4 _ all the dead people had lived. He found many people who had drunk 5_ dirty water from the pump died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He found a woman and 6 _ daughter who had the water delivered from the pump every da

8、y died of cholera after drinking the water.,where,the,her,7_ this extra evidence John Snow announced that the polluted water was 8 _ (blame). He suggested the source of all water supplies 9_ (examine) and new methods of dealing 10_ water be found. Finally，“King Cholera” was defeated.,With,to blame,b

9、e examined,with,五、语段改错,John Snow is a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria for her personal physician. But he became inspiring when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of their day.,Neither its cause or its cure w

10、as understood. So many thousand of terrified people died every time there was the outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and to solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause found.,1. is was 据上下文可知一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情。 2. for as 表示“作为”。 3. inspiring inspired

11、 指人“感觉振奋的”，用inspired，而不能用inspiring (令人振奋的，激励人心的)。 4. help helping 在介词about后, 动词help要加上-ing。 5. their its 指代前面的“the deadly disease”，用单数。,6. or nor 因neithernor (既不也不)是固定搭配。 7. thousand thousands 因这里thousands of是非确切数，要加“s”。 8. the an 指“每次霍乱一爆发”，没有特指，无需用the，outbreak以元音开头，用an。 9. 去掉solve前面的to 因前半句已经有“to”

12、了，故to无需重复。 10. 在found前加上was 被动语态，一般过去时，故在found前加上was。,重点词汇讲练,1. cure vt. 治愈; 矫正 n. 治愈; 疗法；措施(for) 原句 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源, 也不了解它的治疗方法。(B5P2),例句 Up till now, People have not found an effective cure for AIDS. 到目前为止, 人们还没有找到治疗艾滋病的有效方法。,cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的(疾病、坏习惯等

13、) a cure for治疗的方法药物,搭配,运用 Her son was addicted to the computer games and she had to _ (使他改掉 这个习惯). The government is finding a cure _ the severe pollution.,cure him of the habit,for,原句 The second suggested that people absorb this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。(

14、B5P2),2. absorb vt. 吸收；吸引(注意力),例句 Dark clothes absorbed light easily. 深色衣服容易吸收光线。 搭配 be absorbed in全神贯注于, 专心致志于,运用 当我进来时, 他正聚精会神地看小说。 When I entered, he _ _ a novel. 我们可以从广泛的阅读中吸收许多有用的东西。 We can _ from extensive reading.,absorb a lot of useful things,3. be to blame (for sth.) (为某事)应受责备/承担责任 原句 It se

15、emed that the water was to blame. 看来水是罪魁祸首。(B5P2),例句 Mr. Smith was to blame for the accident. 史密斯先生 要为事故负责。 搭配 blame sb. for sth.为某事责备某人,(1) 那次事故怪不得Tom, 毕竟他还是个孩子。 Little Tom was not_ for the accident. After all, he is only a child. (2) His mother blamed him _ his dishonesty.,for,to blame,运用,4. put f

16、orward 提出; 提前; 被提名 原句 Who put forward a theory about black holes? 谁提出关于黑洞的理论？(B5P1) 例句 He often puts forward some useful advice. 他总能提出一些有用的建议。, We have to put the meeting forward by two weeks.(_ ) Dr. King put forward a suggestion that talented students should be placed in special classes. (_ ),运用 说

17、出下列句子画线部分的意思。,将提前,提出建议, His name was put forward for the Chairman of the Students Union. (_),被推荐/提名,原句 Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases. 除了上面提到的结构, 你还学了下列词组。(B5P4) 例句 Apart from school work, I spend my spare time in singing and angling.除了学校功课外，

18、我业余时间还唱歌画画。,5. apart from除了以外，都；除外，还,用法 apart from是短语介词, 既相当于besides /in addition to /as well as, 又相当于except (for)。 运用 用besides，except，except for替代apart from。 Apart from the cost, time should also be considered. ( _),Besides (In addition to), Apart from a few mistakes, it is a good composition. ( _

19、) Apart from the ending, its really a good film. (_ ),Except (Not including),Except for,6. be strict with sb. (in sth.) (在某方面)对某人严格要求 原句 I need to be strict with 我需要对要求严格(B5P6) 例句 You must be strict with yourself in study.你在学习上要对自己严格要求。,运用 填入一个恰当的介词。 Our English teacher is very strict _ us _ our hom

20、ework. My mother is not only strict _ her work but also strict _ me.,with,with,in,in,写作句型运用,原句 A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位从宽街搬过来的妇女，她特别喜欢那里的水, 每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里。(B5P3),1. have sth. done 让某人干某事

21、; 遭遇某事,例句 Youd better have the machine repaired tomorrow.你最好明天找人来修机器。,仿写 把下列句子译成英文。 明天我要去理发。 I will _. 爸爸几天前车被偷了。 My father _a few days ago.,have my hair cut tomorrow,had his car stolen,原句 He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still

22、 going round the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上, 而行星则围绕着太阳转, 只有月球仍然绕着地球转。(B5P7),2. with+宾语+非谓语动词,例句 I cant fall asleep with the baby crying. 婴儿一直在哭, 我睡不着觉。,仿写 把下列句子译成英文。 鸟儿在鸣叫, 我们在森林里愉快地散步。 We walked happily in the forest _ _. 还有很多作业要做, 我今晚不能和你去 看电影了。 _, I cant go to see the movie with you tonight.,With a l

23、ot of homework to do, 作业做完后，我出去踢足球了。,With my homework finished, I went out to play football.,原句 To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了阻止这样的事再发生, 约翰。斯诺建议所有的水源都要检查。,3. suggest (that) sb. (should) do 建议某人做某事,例句 The doctor suggested he have a good rest. 医生建议他要好好休息。,提醒 没有suggest sb. to do sth.句型，但有advise sb. to do sth.句型。,仿写 把下列句子译成英文。 他建议我们工作后要好好休息。 _ _ after work. 她建议你去那里之前先打个电话。 _ _ before you go round there.,She suggested that you (shoul