必修二unit2语法

1、Welcome,Welcome,大师兄！师傅被妖怪抓走了！,二师兄！师傅被妖怪抓走了！,大师兄！二师兄被妖怪抓走了！,大师兄！师傅和二师兄都被妖怪抓走了,师傅被妖怪抓走了,He was caught by a monster.,Passive Voice 被动语态,How to describe the pictures,The river was seriously polluted.,Some trees have been cut down.,What is the Passive Voice?,被动语态 一、什么是语态？ 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和 谓语动词之间的关系

2、。 二、语态的种类：,（1）主动语态 （2）被动语态,三、什么是主动语态？什么是被动语态？ 四、被动语态的构成：(八种时态和情态动词的被动语态）,英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态(the Passive Voice),A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。,B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。,We planted the tree.,The tree was planted by us.,1.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.,2.We cleaned our classroom

3、 just now.,3.They used this room for resting.,4.We were asked to help them .,5.He was given some books.,6.The door was locked by monitor.,Lead in,Rockets _ (use) to send up satellites,are used,The man _(call) “ Good husband”.,is called,火箭发射图,The rocket _ (send up) into space,is being sent up,砍伐图,Tre

4、es _ (cut) down. Few places _ (leave) for the tigers to live.,are being cut,will be left,拳击图,A boxer _(beat) down,has been beaten,Rockets are used to send up satellites,The man is called “ Good husband”.,The rocket is being sent up into space,A boxer has been beaten down,Few places will be left for

5、the tigers to live.,the Structure is,be+及物动词的过去分词 (be+V.P.P),被动语态的结构： 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人称、数的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时一样。 如：The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher. I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加

6、-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,一. 何时使用被动语态,1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要,Paper is made from wood.,He was wounded in the fight.,2. 需要强

7、调动作的承受者时,Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away.,He was awarded first prize in that contest.,3为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使 用被动语 态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动 语态，使句子得以更好的安排。,The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month.,Electricity is used to run machines.,The motorbike

8、is ridden to his factory (by him) every day.,Present,am / is are +done,We call the snowman Mr Strong.,The snowman is called Mr Strong (by us).,A computer is used in our class every day.,computer, use, class,A frog _ ( catch) by a big bird just now.,was caught,Past,was/were +done,bank, rob yesterday,

9、man-made satellite, send up, space, last year,A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.,The bank was robbed yesterday.,They will have a show tomorrow.,A show will be had (by them) tomorrow.,will be done,Future,would be done,send to, hospital, right now,a talk, give , soon,They will be s

10、ent to the hospital right now.,A talk will be given soon.,The streets_ (light) by electricity. I _ (not invite)to tomorrows wedding.,will be lit,will/ shall not be invited,will not be done 否定结构,Dogs will not be allowed to enter your classroom.,allow,smoking,stadium,allow,Smoking will not be allowed

11、in the stadium.,The pet dog _(treat) by veterinary.,is being treated,vetrinri n. a.兽医(的),Summary: 现在进行时的被动语态,e.g. 1. A new library is being built now. 2. Some animals are not being protected well enough. 3. Is the bridge being repaired now?,1. 构成：,am/is/are (not) + being + V-过去分词,2. 意义：,正在被做.,一座新图书馆

12、正在被修建。,有些动物没有受到很好的保护。,现在那座桥在修吗？,is being built,are not being,Is,being repaired,protected,was/were being done,An argument _ already _ (put forward),has been put forward,The houses have been destroyed by the storm.,have/has been done,had been done,How many Harry Porter books has J.K.Rowling written?,S

13、he has written seven Harry Porter books .,Seven Harry Porter books have been written by J.K.Rowling.,电影画皮是由陈嘉上最近导演的。,Painted Skin has recently been directed by Chen Jiashang。,Shenzhou _ (send up) on 25, September. And six Chinese astronauts _(send) into space so far.,was sent up,have been sent,Many

14、old buildings _ (pull down) and new fences_ (build) in Shijiazhuang.,have been pulled down,have been built,Fill in the blanks,1. We have been taught never to abandon or give up anything by Xu Sanduo.,Xu Sanduo has taught us never to abandon or give up anything.,2.Wang Baoqiang has been achieved a gr

15、eat success. (true or false),be,+ done,am/is/are 一般现在时,am/is/are+being 现在进行时,shall/will+be 一般将来时,have/has+been 现在完成时,be,+ done,was/were 一般过去时,was/were+being 过去进行时,would+be 过去将来时,had+been 过去完成时,be,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/are +done,was/were+ done,am/is/are being +done,was/were being +done,shall/will be +done

16、,would be+ done,have/has been +done,had been +done,He can carry the basket easily.,The basket can be easily carried by him.,They can sing some beautiful songs.,Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.,“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought .,“They must be put in the fridge (by us).”The d

17、ogs thought.,practice,Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given:,I _(give) a new book by my father on my birthday. English _(find) very useful. 3.The work _(finish) tomorrow. 4. The flowers _(water) by them now.,was given,is found,will be finished,are being watered,5.The railway _ (b

18、uild) this time last year. 6. The new way _ already _ (build). 7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year. 8. He told me the sports meeting _(hold) the next month. 9. Rice _(grow) in the south of the States.,was being built,has,been built,had been built,would be held,is grown,Practice:,10.

19、 The viewer can touch the objects in the film.,11. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness.,12. RealCine might not impress some viewers.,The objects in the film can be touched.,A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt.,Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCin

20、e.,Feedback:,Choose the best answers:, Is Bob still performing ? Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has became an official. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left,2. Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York ? I agree, but the problem is _ h

21、e has refused to. will not be sent; that not be sent; that C.should not be sent; what D.should not send; what,3. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 4. Muc

22、h attention should _ the rapid increase in the number of cars on the roads, which may_ traffic jams and more accidents. A. pay to;result in B. be paid;result from C.be paid to;result in D. be paid;result from,5. She is very shy and she is not used to _ in front of others. A. praise B. praising C. be

23、ing praised D. be praised 6. What did the students think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday ? To tell you the truth, the students were all _ with the _speech. A. boring; boring B. boring; bored C. bored; bored D. bored; boring,7. My sister _ a good chance to go abroad for further education

24、. A. offered B. was offering C. has offered D. was offered 8. Today many young people enjoy chatting on the net, but their sentences _. never read B. are never read C. werent read D. didnt read,9. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear. A.is used B. are used

25、C. Have used D. has been used 10. George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding ? No. I _ . Did they have a big wedding ? Was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite,Practice: 1. All the employees except the manager _to work online at home. （04

26、广东） A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged 2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004上海） A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded,3. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction

27、work for the Beijing Olympics _by 2008. （2004 北京) A. has been completed B. has complete C. will have been completed D. will have completed 4. More patients _in hospital this year than last year. （2004江苏） A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated,5. I dont know the restauran

28、t, but its _to be quite a good one . (1995NMET) A. said B. told C. spoken D. talked. 6. _the sports meet might be put off. Yes, it all depends on the weather. (1995NMET) A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told,7. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour. (1998NMET) A. pay B. p

29、aying C. paid D. to pay 8. The heros story _ differently in the newspaper. (2005全国II) A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported,9. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party.（2004全国II） A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 10. The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ placed under the Ministers car. (2005广东) A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would