人文知识2011(英国略)

1、,1. Name the first son of Adam and Eve, responsible for killing his brother Abel out of jealousy. 2. What name is given to the day when the Wall Street stock market crashed on 29th October 1929? 3. “Frailty, thy name is woman” is a quote from which of Shakespearean plays? 4. . Which scandal was the

2、American President Richard Nixon associated with? 5. . What is a poem of 14 lines called? 6 . In Christianity what does “Amen” mean? 7. Name two American blacks who were awarded the Nobel Prize for peace Cane Black Thursday Hamlet The Watergate burglary Sonnet So be it Martin Luther King and Obama,G

3、eneral Introduction of America Brief information: American political system: Federation American National Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner,The Star-Spangled Banner,O say, can you see, by the dawns early light, What so proudly we haild at the twilights last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright st

4、ars, thro the perilous fight, Oer the ramparts we watchd, were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof thro the night that our flag was still there. O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave Oer the land of the free and the home of the brave?,Ame

5、rica is the third largest populated and the fourth largest in size in the world There are 50 states in the U.S.A. , but there are 48 continental states, and 13 at the time of Independence ; California is the largest in population and Alaska is the largest in size while Rhode Island is the smallest;

6、Texas is the largest state in size in continental America, Hawaii and Alaska are geographically separated from the American continent,American History,Stage 1. Discovery of North America Stage 2. English Settlement Stage 3. Colonial Era Stage 4. War of Independence (17751783) Stage 5. Civil War (186

7、1-1865) Stage 6. Reconstruction Stage 7. Western Exploration Stage 8. Industrial Growth,The Natives of some English-speaking countries:,Iberians 伊比利亚人 (UK) Indians 印第安人 (USA) Maori 毛利人 (New Zealand) Inuit / Eskimo 因纽特人 / 爱斯基摩人(Canada) Aboriginals 土著人 (Australia),American Independent War The 1st Cont

8、inental Congress (Sep, 1774 in Philadelphia ):,A. Opposed to British oppression in the colonies; B. Urged Americans to disobey the Intolerable Acts and boycott British trade; C. Began to organize militias and collect and store weapons The 2nd Continental Congress (May,1775 in Philadelphia ): A. Bega

9、n to assume the functions of national government; B. founded Continental Army and Navy under G. Washington C. Printed paper money,American Independent War (1775-1783) the struggle of the British colonies for independence, which ended in the forming of the USA,The first gun shot was fired in Lexingto

10、n in April 1775 The Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776 The Treaty of Paris was signed in Sep. 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the U.S. George Washington became the first American president in 1789 (April 1789 March 1793March 1797),The Declaration of Independence was

11、 drafted by,A. Thomas Jefferson B. George Washington C. Benjamin Franklin D. John Adams Which of the following was not one of the authors of the Constitution? A. Thomas Jefferson B. George Washington C. Benjamin Franklin D. James Madison A A,American Constitution,The authors of the Constitution are

12、George Washington, Benjamin Franklin and James Madison “We held these truth to be self-evident that all men are created equal” 我们认为这些真理是不言自明的： 人生来平等。 The first three Articles in the Constitution define the roles of three branches The first ten Amendments are called Human Rights Bills,Executive Branc

13、h,Congress,Judicial,The Balance and check of Three Branches,权力平等 相互制约,American Civil War / War of Secession (1861-1865),The war broke out in April 1861 with the secession of southern states forming a new nation-the Confederate States The Gettysburg victory in 1863 was the turning point of The Civil

14、War With the Confederate general Lee surrender on April 9 1865, the war ended Lincoln was shot dead five days later on April 14 The 13th Amendment ,which banned slavery, was adopted in Dec. 1865,Important policies and Plans,“The Big Stick” policy was advanced by President Theodore Roosevelt (1901-19

15、09). (Big stick policy means the policy of threat by military forces and extorting by war ) “The New Deal” Policy was proposed by President Franklin Roosevelt (1933-1945). (“The New Deal” Policy aims to do something to deal with the Great Depression, hopes to save American democracy and to overcome

16、economic crisis of the capitalist system.) “Manhattan Project” was the project to start nuclear atomic bombs in 1942,“Marshall Plan” / “ European Recovery Program” was proposed by State Secretary Marshall in 1947. (It is the economic aid plan for West European countries, preventing the loss of these

17、 countries into the Soviet sphere.) “Truman Doctrine” is the doctrine practiced by President Truman meaning to support any country that said it was fighting communism.,The division of school system: Elementary school , high school Elementary school (Grade 1-6) Junior high school (Grade 7-9) Senior h

18、igh school (Grade 10-12) B. Elementary school (Grade 1-8) High school (Grade 9-12),American Holidays : _ is not a nationally observed holiday of America? A. Easter Sunday B. Veterans Day C. Independence Day D. Christmas The theme of Thanksgiving has always been_. friendship between the South and Nor

19、th is _. The Mississippi River The Missouri River 美国东西的分界线是密西西比河，南北的分界线是密苏里河。,6. California has the following characteristics except_.,A. it has the biggest population in the US B. it is at the southern part of the Pacific coast C. it has the world famous Hollywood D. it is famous for oil industry 7

20、. Which of the following was the last continental state added to the Union? A. Kentucky B. Arizona C. Pennsylvania D. Alaska D B,8. Washington D.C. is named after_. A the U.S. President George Washington B Christopher Columbus C . both G. Washington and ChristopherColumbus D none of them 9. The stat

21、ue of liberty was given to American people by_ as a gift in 1884. AFrance BSpain C . Italy D Britain 10. The capital of Massachusetts is _. A . Chicago B. Boston C. Sacramento D. Austin 8. C. 9. A 10. B (A.属伊利诺州，是美国仅次于纽约市和洛杉矶的第三大都会； B.Boston，马萨诸塞州的首府； C. 加州州府； D.德克萨斯州州府),11. The most important thing

22、 done in the Second Continental Congress was that _. A. the Declaration of Independence was signed. B. the Revolutionary War ended C. a new government was founded D. Washington was appointed commander of the army 12. The first American president who inaugurated in the Capitol, Washington City was _.

23、 A. George Washington B. John Adams C. Thomas Jefferson D. James Madison A. C.,13. American President has the following powers except_ . A. appointing government officials B. commanding armed forces C. making foreign policies D. interpreting the Constitution 14. Which branch of American government h

24、as the power to interpret the Constitution ? A. The Supreme Court B. The president C. The House D. The Senate D. A.,15. The removal of Justices can only be done through _. A. the President B. impeachment C. the Congress D. the Supreme Court 16. How many terms was Franklin Roosevelt elected for? A. O

25、ne B. Two C. Three D. Four (1933-1937,1937-1941,1941-1945) B. C.,17.The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _. A contribution a state has made to the nation B population C size D none of the above 18. The period of the “Cold War” began after _. A.WWI B. WWII C. Viet

26、nam War D. Civil War 17. B. 18. B.,19. “The Lost Generation” refers to the young people _. A. in the post-WWI era B. in the post-WWII era C. in the post-Vietnam-War era D. in the post-Cold-War era A,20. the American policy towards the Soviet Union after the WWII was _. A. cooperation B. cold war C.

27、containment D. impartiality 21. Who ever said that “ Lost time is never found again” and “ God helps those who help themselves.” ? A. Rousseau B. Patrick Henry C. G. Washington D. Benjamin D. Franklin C D,22. In the United States school systems, which of the following division is true? A. Elementary

28、 school, senior high school, junior high school B. Junior high school, senior high school, high school C. Elementary school, grammar school, high school D. Elementary school , high school 23. The Bible was originally written in _. A. Latin B. English C. Hebrew D. Arabic D C,True of False about Brita

29、in 1. Queen Victoria takes the credit of the longest reign in British history. 2. The Constitutional Monarchy was set up in Britain after the War of Roses. 3. The Norman Conquest took place in the year 1088. T F F,The national centre of the press in Britain is _. A. Greet Russell Street B. Speakers

30、Corner C. Downing Street D. The Fleet Street Stratford-on-Avon is a famous place where _ was born. A. John Milton B. William Shakespeare C. Ben Johnson D. Francis Bacon The news agency of Britain is _. A. AP B. UPI C. Tass D. Reuters,Maples are always used to symbolize _. A. Australia B. America C. England D. Canada 2. The capital of Canada is _ A. Ott